List of apple cultivars
Over 7,500 cultivars of the culinary or eating apple (Malus domestica) are known.[1] Some are extremely important economically as commercial products, though the vast majority are not suitable for mass production. In the following list, use for "eating" means that the fruit is consumed raw, rather than cooked. Cultivars used primarily for making cider are indicated. Those varieties marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[2]
This list does not include the species and varieties of apples collectively known as crab apples, which are grown primarily for ornamental purposes, though they may be used to make jelly or compote. These are described under Malus.
Table of apples
| Abbreviations | Full form | Abbreviations | Full form |
|---|---|---|---|
| AC | Apple canker | AM | Award of Merit |
| AS | Apple scab | BB | Biennial bearing |
| C, VitC | Vitamin C mg/100g | DBH | Days from full bloom to harvest |
| FCC | First Class Certificate | ||
| P | Parentage | PW | Powdery mildew |
| r | Resistant | RHS | Royal Horticultural Society |
| Pick45 | Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 45 °F (7 °C) | PickG[3] Pickg[4] | Harvest time in Germany |
| Pick50 | Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 50 °F (10 °C) | PickE[5] Picke[6] | Harvest time in south England |
| Pick55 | Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 55 °F (13 °C) | ||
| s | Susceptible | SS | Soluble solids % |
| TA | Titratable acidity % | TRI | Triploid |
| cz | Czech | da | Danish |
| du | Dutch | fr | French |
| ge | German | hu | Hungarian |
| no | Norwegian | po | Polish |
| ru | Russian | sw | Swedish |
A
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abram[7][8] | US | <1850 | A small apple with red flush. Flesh white, tender, subacid. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Acheson[9] | Alberta, Canada | Introduced 1941 | Fruit large, greenish yellow. P Delicious x unknown. | Eating | Use August–September | |
| Acklam Russet[10] | Yorkshire, England | 1768 | A small russet apple. An excellent dessert apple of first rate quality. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use November–March. | |
| Adams Pearmain[11][6][7][12] | Norfolk or Herefordshire, England | Introduced 1826 | A dessert apple. First introduced under the name "Norfolk Pippin". Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh pale yellow, crisp,fine-textured, firm, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. | Eating | PickE early- to mid-October. | |
| Adersleber Calville[13][3] | Saxony, Germany | 1830–1840 | A green apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). P Calville blanc d'Hiver x Alexander. Flesh; aromatic, subacid to sweet. VitC 10. | Eating | PickE mid September. PickG mid–late October. Use November–January. | |
| Adina (syn. Frankad, Satark)[14] | Queensland, Australia | A large red apple. Flesh firm, juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous. | Eating | |||
| Admiral | Czech Republic | 2012 | New very popular variety. Flesh firm, crisp, juicy with very good taste. Robust, healthy, scab resistant variety with excellent keeping qualities and taste. | Eating | PickE early October. | |
| Advance (syn. Laxton Advance)[6] | Bedford, England | 1908 | Early dessert apple. Medium size. Yellow with brown-red flush. Award of Merit from RHS in 1932. Flesh; greenish white, soft, fine-textured, juicy, aromatic. | Eating | PickE early- to mid-August; use August–September | |
| Adzamovka[15] | Croatia | A yellow conical apple with red stripes. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), weight 110–150 g (3.9–5.3 oz). Flesh juicy, subacid. | Eating, cider | Use November | ||
| Ahrina[16] | Germany | 1993 | A large roundish apple. Flesh juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick late September; use November–February | |
| Aia Ilu | Estonia | 1946 | Apple is large in size, weighing 250–300 g (8.8–10.6 oz). It is yellow, juicy, and bittersweet with a weak aroma. | Eating | ||
| Airlie Red Flesh (syn. Newell-Kimzey)[17] | Airlie, Oregon, US | c. 1961 | A large, conic apple. Light yellow-green skin strewn with white dots, occasionally with a faint reddish orange blush. Light pink to deep red flesh is crisp, sweet and mildly tart. | Eating | ||
| Akane (syn. Tohoko)[18][3] | Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan | Cross made 1939, selected 1953, introduced 1970. | A red apple. P Jonathan × Worcester Pearmain. Tangy taste. Flesh: white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick45 August 21. PickE mid- to late-August. PickG mid-August. | |
| Åkerö[19][20] | Sweden | 1759? | Apple is egg-shaped, medium to large in size, sweet and aromatic. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Grown mostly in Sweden and Estonia. | Eating | Best in November; keeps until February | |
| Akin[21][22] | Illinois, US | 1831 | Tree vigorous. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh yellow crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. | Eating | Use January–June | |
| Alamanka[15] | North Macedonia | A green apple (round to conical) with red stripes. Weight 100 g (3.5 oz). Flesh juicy, subacid with poor aroma. | Eating | Pick October; use November | ||
| Alantapfel (syn. Princesse Noble)[19][12] | Germany | <1750 | An oblong apple. Width 56–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 59–73 mm (2.3–2.9 in). Stalk 13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in). Flesh sugary, aromatic. | Eating | Pick October; use December–March | |
| Alaska[9] | California, US | Introduced 1944 | Flesh white. Tree heavy producer. | Eating | ||
| Albrechtapfel (syn. Prinz Albrecht von Preussen)[16][3] | Germany | 1865 | P Alexander x unknown. Width 60–85 mm (2.4–3.3 in), height 55–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), weight 80–200 g (2.8–7.1 oz). Stalk 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. VitC 9. Density 0.76 | Eating, cooking | PickG late September–mid-October. Use October–December | |
| Albury Park Nonsuch[11] | Surrey, England | <1892 | Yellow with red flush. AM from RHS in 1892. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid. | Cooking | Use December–March | |
| Aldenham Purple[23] | Hertfordshire, England | 1925 | A red apple. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in) | Eating, cooking | Pick September; use September–October | |
| Alderman[6][24] | Scotland | <1923 | A golden yellow apple. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh; white, very firm,coarse-textured, crisp, moderately juicy, acid. | Baking | Pick mid-September; use October·December | |
| Alexander (ge Kaiser Alexander, en Emperor Aleksander, fr Grand Alexandre, ru Aport Alexander)[19][25][21][22][26][27][28] | Russia | <1800 | A very large apple. Width 95–110 mm (3.7–4.3 in), height 75–90 mm (3.0–3.5 in). Stalk 11–18 mm (0.43–0.71 in). Flesh; faint yellow, firm, crisp, very soft, mild subacid, fair to good. | Eating, cooking, baking, drying | PickE mid-September; use September–December | |
| Alfriston[11][6][24][29] | Sussex, England | late 1700s | Raised at Uckfield Sussex by Mr Shepherd. A large acid green apple. Flesh; pale yellow, crisp, yellow, subacid, pear-like flavour. Award of Merit from RHS in 1920. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). | Cooking, Juice | PickE early October; use November–April | |
| Alice[20] | Sweden | 1964 | Medium size. Yellow with red stripes. Flesh juicy, aromatic. P Ingrid Marie x Gyllenkroks Astrakan. | Eating | PickE late August–early September; use September–October | |
| Alkmene[3] agm[30] | Germany | 1930 | P: Cox's Orange Pippin × Doktor Oldenburg. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 120 g (4.2 oz). Flesh; crisp, aromatic, juicy, subacid to sweet. Stalk 9–20 mm (0.35–0.79 in). Density 0.82 | Eating | PickE late September. PickG early–mid-September. Pickg September 4–15. Use September·November | |
| Allen's Everlasting[6][24] | ? | <1864 | Late-keeping desert apple. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1899. Flesh; greenish-white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, fair. | Eating | PickE mid-October; use February–April | |
| Allington Pippin[6][19][25][24][13][29] | Lincolnshire, United Kingdom | 1880s, introduced 1896 | A versatile English dessert apple raised by horticulturalist Thomas Laxton some time before 1884. Exhibited as Brown's South Lincoln Beauty, the name was changed to Allington Pippin by Bunyard Nursery in 1896. A cross of Cox's Orange Pippin and King of the Pippins. Flesh; creamy white, fine textured, aromatic, with a pineapple-like flavour. The apple keeps its shape when cooked. Width 68–74 mm (2.7–2.9 in), height 61–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), stalk 7–15 mm (0.28–0.59 in). First Class Certificate from RHS in 1894. | Eating, cooking, dessert | PickE late September–early October; use October–February | |
| All Summer[7] | Pa. US | <1850 | Flesh white, tender, very good. Tree slow growth, annual bearer, productive. Stalk slender. | Eating | Use July–August | |
| Almeda[9] | Tennessee, US | Introduced 1939 | Fruit large, green. Flesh subacid. | Cooking | Ripens 25 July–5 August | |
| Altländer Pfannkuchenapfel[3] | Germany | 1840 | Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Flesh; crisp, dry, acid. VitC 14. Density 0.86 | Cooking, Eating | PickE mid- to late October. Pick G late October. Use March–May | |
| Alvanija (syn. Elvanija, Ilvanija)[15] | Croatia | A green oblong apple with red flush. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 65–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in), weight 110–140 g (3.9–4.9 oz). Flesh firm, juicy. | Eating, cooking, cider | Use October | ||
| Ambrosia | British Columbia, Canada | 1980s | Medium to large in size, mostly red coloration with yellow patches. Has cream-coloured flesh with a sweet, crisp, aromatic flavour and low acidity. Ambrosia trees are hardy and no major disadvantages have yet been identified. | Eating | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5. | |
| American Beauty[7] | Massachusetts, US | <1855 | Tree vigorous, productive, annual bearer. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. | Eating | PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April | |
| American Golden Pippin (syn. Golden Pippin, Ribbed Pippin, Golding, New York Greening, Newtown Greening, Golden Apple)[7] | US | <1850 | Yellow with russet. Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree does not bear young. | Eating | Use November - February | |
| American Golden Russet (syn. Golden Russet, Sheep Nose, Bullock's Pippin, Little Pearmain.)[10][22] | US | late 1700s | Yellow with brown overcolour and grey russet. Width 64–74 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 58–72 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 13–23 mm (0.51–0.91 in). Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy sugary, lightly aromatic, best. | Eating | PickE early to mid-October. Use October–January | |
| American Melon see Melon American | ||||||
| American Mother see Mother | ||||||
| American Summer Pearmain see Summer Pearmain American | ||||||
| Anabela[14] | Brazil | Introduced 1995 | P Gala x Anna. A yellow apple with (30–40%) red flush. Flesh juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous. | Eating | ||
| Ananas Reinette[3][19][31][12][13][29] | Netherlands | <1800 | A small yellow apple with pineapple flavor. Width 48–65 mm (1.9–2.6 in), height 52–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 11–20 mm (0.43–0.79 in). Flesh; crisp, juicy, aromatic, acid. VitC 21. | Eating, juice | PickE early October. PickG mid- to late October. Use December–February | |
| Anisovka (syn. Anis koritschnevoje, Anis polosatyiy)[32] | Russia | <1850 | Medium size, round, greenish yellow with red stripes. | Cooking, eating | Pick September; use October–December | |
| Anna[14] | Israel | Introduced 1963 | Colour is yellow with a red blush. P Red Hadassiya x Golden Delicious. This variety does not grow well in the cold and prefers heat and humidity. Tree annually productive. | Eating | ||
| Annie Elizabeth[33][11][6][25][29] | Leicester, Leicestershire, England | 1857, introduced 1868 | Large yellow apple, FCC from RHS in 1868. Width 79–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 63–65 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 9–18 mm (0.35–0.71 in). Flesh; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, dry acid. Cooks well, breaks up completely. | Cooking | PickE late September–early October; use November–April | |
| Annurca | Campania, Italy | 1876 (documented) | Very old apple; possibly one of the oldest of all. Believed to be much older than first mention in Pasquale's Manuale di Arboricultura, 1876. May be related to apples found in frescoes found in Herculaneum or Pompeii if not the same one.[34] | Eating | PickE late October. Use November–January. | |
| Antonovka (syn. Possarts Nalivia, Antonowka Obyknowennaja)[19][26] | Kursk, Russia | <1800 | A very old Russian variety, often planted at dachas. Apples are large, yellow-green and bracingly tart to eat out of hand, but superb for cooking, as they keep their shape. Width 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Extremely tolerant of cold weather, and because it produces a single, deep taproot (unusual among apple trees), Antonovka is propagated for use as a rootstock. Antonovka rootstock provides a cold-hardy (to −45 °C (−49 °F)), well-anchored, vigorous, standard-sized tree. C 15. | Cooking, cider | PickE early September. Use October–December | |
| Antonovka Safrannoje[32] | Russia | 1909 | A large yellow apple with red flush. P Antonovka x Renet Orleanski | Eating, cooking | ||
| Apfel aus Grignon[35] | ? | <1800 | A yellow apple with red flush and russet. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 30 mm (1.2 in). | Eating, cooking | Use December–March | |
| Api[10][27][28] | France | 1628 | Very tiny apple. Would fit in the palm of the hand of an adult. Width 52–56 mm (2.0–2.2 in), height 32–42 mm (1.3–1.7 in). Stalk 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in). | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use January–May. | |
| Api Noir[10] | France | late 1700s | A desert apple, inferior to the Api. | Eating | PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April. | |
| Apollo[3] | Germany | 1976 | Cox's Orange Pippin × Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in), weight 140 g (4.9 oz). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet. | Eating | PickG early–mid-September; use September–October | |
| Arapka (syn. Bugarka)[15] | Montenegro | A red oblong conical apple. Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Weight 118 g (4.2 oz). Flesh soft, juicy, sweet, subacid, with a pronounced flavour. | Cooking | Use October–May | ||
| Ard Cairn Russet[6] | Cork, Ireland | c. 1890 | Medium-sized long-keeping dessert apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1910. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk variable. Flesh; creamy white, firm, slightly aromatic flavour. | Eating | PickE late September–early October; use October–January | |
| Ariane[36] | Angers, France | 2002 | Scab resistant. Developed at the National Institute of Agricultural Research in France. P (Florina x Prima) x (Golden Delicious x unknown) | Eating | Pick with Golden Delicious | |
| Arkansas Black (syn. Arkansas, Mammoth Black Twig)[21][22] | Arkansas, US | c. 1870 | Hard and crunchy; stores well. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Very deep red, appearing black from a distance. Flesh yellow, firm, tewnder, juicy, subacid, crisp, good. | Eating | Pick45 October 22. Pick55 October 15. PickE late October. Use December–May | |
| Arlet[3] | Switzerland | Introduced 1984 | P Golden Delicious x Idared. Flesh; crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. | Eating | PickG early–mid-October. Use November–February. | |
| Armorel[11] | England | introduced 1893 | A small yellow apple with russet. FCC from RHS in 1892. Flesh crisp, good. Use February·May. | Eating | ||
| Aroma[20] | Balsgård, Fjälkestad, Sweden | 1947, Introduced 1973. | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). P Ingrid Marie x Filippa. | Eating | PickE early October. Use November–December | |
| Aromatic Russet[7] | England | <1870 | Flesh greenish white, firm, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use November–February | |
| Arreskov[19][29] | Denmark | <1860 | A yellow apple with a pleasant aroma reminiscent of gravenstein. Width 77–85 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 66–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in). Flesh; firm, dry, aromatic, subacid. Tree vigorous. | Eating, juice, drying. | Pick September. Use September–October. | |
| Arthur Turner[11] agm[37][25][38] | Buckinghamshire, England | <1912, introduced 1914 | Width 80–88 mm (3.1–3.5 in), height 48–76 mm (1.9–3.0 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in). Large golden cooker: prone to mildew but scab resistant. Award of Merit from RHS in 1912. Flesh; creamy white, coarse-textured, dry, subacid. | Cooking, baking | PickE late September; use September–November | |
| Arthur W. Barnes[6] | Chester, England | 1902 | P Gascoyne's Scarlet x Cox Orange. A yellow apple with red flush. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, firm, fine textured, very juicy, acid. | Cooking | PickE mid- to late September; use November–March | |
| Ashmead's Kernel[11]agm[39]<[25] | Gloucestershire, England | c. 1700 | Flesh pale yellow, juicy, subacid and very aromatic. Width 54–64 mm (2.1–2.5 in), height 54–57 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 7–12 mm (0.28–0.47 in). | Eating | PickE early–mid-October; use December–February | |
| Ashmore[8][7] | US | <1840 | Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid, very good. | Cooking, eating | Use September–October | |
| Astramel[3] | Jork, Germany | P Red Astrachan x (James Grieve x Melba). | Eating | PickG and use early–mid-August | ||
| Atalanta[11] | England | <1891, introduced 1893 | Lemon yellow with red streaks. AM from RHS in 1891. | Cooking, eating | PickE late September–early October. Use November–January | |
| Atha[9] | Cullman County, Alabama | Selected c. 1915. Introduced c. 1930. | P Red Astrachan x unknown. Tree: nearly resembles Yellow Transparent, but more vigorous and less tendency to biennial bearing. | |||
| Atlas[20] | Ottawa, Canada | 1924 | A truncate conical yellow apple with red stripes. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). | Eating, cooking | PickE early September; use October–December | |
| Auksis | Lithuania | 1951 | McIntosh x Gravenstein | Eating | ||
| Auralia see Tumanga | ||||||
| Aurora Golden Gala[40] | British Columbia, Canada | 2003 | Dessert apple; medium size, sweet, juicy, crisp, firm, very long storage life. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Weight 265–288 g (9.3–10.2 oz). Stalk 21–33 mm (0.83–1.30 in). P Splendour x Gala. SS 14.2, TA 0.58-0.75. | Eating | Pick early October. Use October–March. | |
| Ausbacher Roter (syn. Ausbacher Rotapfel)[12] | Ausbach, Hesse, Germany | 1770, introduced 1870 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh white to greenish yellow, subacid. Quality: cooking good, eating fair. | Cooking | Pick late September; use October–April | |
| Austin Sweet[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1875 | Flesh white, juicy, sweet, very good. Stalk short. | Eating | Use September–December | |
| Autumn Glory[41] | Washington, US | 2011 | The Autumn Glory variety is a hybrid of the Fuji (apple) and the Golden Delicious apple, featuring a red over golden background. Very sweet, firm flesh with a subtle "cinnamon" flavor. Produced only by Domex Superfresh Growers in Washington's Yakima Valley. | Eating | ||
| Automn Pearmain[31][25][6] | England | 1588 | Green with russet and red overcolour. width 67–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 60–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk 12–17 mm (0.47–0.67 in). Flesh creamy white, fairly firm, nutty and slightly aromatic. | Eating | PickE late September; use September–November | |
| Avajlilja[15] | Turkey | A green apple with red flush. Tolerant to common apple diseases and pests. Flesh sweet sour taste, weak aroma. |
B
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Babovača[15] | Montenegro | A green apple with red flush. Width 96 mm (3.8 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in), weight 250 g (8.8 oz). Stalk very short. Flesh soft, sweet and sour. | Use October–April | |||
| Bailey (syn. Bailey Sweet).[8][21][22] | Wyoming County, New York, US | c. 1840 | Red apple with considerable white flecks. Has some russeting. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, very sweet, very good. | Eating, cooking | Use October | |
| Baker's Delicious[6] | Wales | <1932 | A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic. | Eating | PickE late August–early September; use August–September | |
| Baldwin (syn. Woodpecker, Pecker, Butters)[8][10][7][22][26] | Massachusetts, US | c. 1740 | Flesh yellowish white, crisp, sweet to subacid flavor, very good. Width 76–81 mm (3.0–3.2 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Very old variety for North America. Makes much juice. TRI DBH 160. | Cooking, Eating | Pick50 October 14. PickE mid-October. Use November–March | |
| Ballinora[11] | England | <1898 | Golden yellow with red flush. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). AM from RHS in 1898. | Cooking, eating | Use December–January | |
| Ball's Pippin[24][42] | England | <1920 | A green-yellow apple with red flush and russet. P Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. AM from RHS in 1923. | Eating | PickE early to mid-October. Use January. | |
| Ballyfatten | County Tyrone, Ireland | c. 1740 | A large, round apple with firm, dry, sweet, slightly tart white flesh. Excellent keeper. Scab and canker resistant. | Cooking, eating | PickE late September. Use October–November. | |
| Baltimore (syn. Baltimore Pippin)[7] | US | <1860 | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh whitish, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use December–April | |
| Banks[22][21] | Nova Scotia | 1880 | A red sport from Gravenstein | Eating, cooking, pie | ||
| Barcelona Pearmain[10][43] | England | <1837 | One of the best dessert apples. The tree is a free grower, but does not attain the largest size. | Eating, cooking | ||
| Bardsey Island Apple | Bardsey Island, Wales | 1998 | A medium-sized eating apple with a unique lemon aroma. Sweet and juicy. Skin color red over gold. Very disease resistant. Single tree discovered on Bardsey island in 1998, age of original tree unknown. May have monastic origins. | Eating | ||
| Barnack Beauty[11][6][25] | Barnack, Northamptonshire, England | c. 1840, introduced c. 1870 | Medium-sized apple. Yellow, 25-75% flushed with orange red. AM from RHS in 1899. FCC from RHS in 1909. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Flesh; creamy white, very firm, crisp, fine-textured, juicy, subcaid to sweet. | Eating | PickE late September–early October. Use December–March | |
| Barnack Orange[6] | England | 1904 | P Barnack Beauty x Cox Orange. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | PickE late September–early October. Use November–February | |
| Baronesa[14] | Brazil | Introduced 1997 | P Princesa x Fuji. Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Flesh sweet, crisp. Tree vigorous. | Eating | ||
| Batul (syn. Batulenka, Batulka)[15] | Romania or Hungary | A green apple with red flush. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 50 mm (2.0 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in), weight 80 g (2.8 oz). Flesh acidic with poor aroma. | Eating | PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April. | ||
| Baumanns Reinette[3][44][12] cz. Baumannova reneta, fr. Reinette Baumann, po. Reneta Baumana, ru. Renet Baumana.[27] | Belgium | c. 1810 | Medium size. Skin brilliant crimson. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Weight 110 g (3.9 oz). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Flesh; crisp, subacid. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1878. VitC 16. Density 0.83 | Cooking, eating | PickE late September. PickG early October. Use December–March | |
| Baxter's Pearmain[10] | Norfolk, England | 1821 | A large dual purpose apple. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk medium. The tree is hardy, vigorous, a most abundant bearer. Flesh; pale yellow, coarse-textured, dry, subacid. | Cooking, eating | PickE late September–early October; use November–March | |
| Beacon | Minnesota, US | Introduced 1936 | Lively, juicy flavor; good for baking. Does not keep very well. | Cooking, eating | PickE early September. Use September–October. | |
| Beauty of Bath[11][25][12][26][13][29] | Bailbrook, Batheston, Somerset, England | Introduced 1864 | Width 59–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 44–51 mm (1.7–2.0 in). Stalk 9–12 mm (0.35–0.47 in). Deep red flush and streaks of red with a little russet. Early maturing but short season. Formerly grown commercially in England for local markets. FCC from RHS in 1887. Good flavor in its home climate if it is eaten soon after picking. Poor flavour if distributed long distances and stored for weeks, so now rare. Flesh; creamy white, soft, very juicy, subacid. VitC 14. | Eating | PickE early August; use early August | |
| Beauty of Bedford[11][5] | Bedfordshire, England | <1913 | Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). P Lady Sudely x Beauty of Bath. Greenish yellow with orange flush. Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet. | Eating | PickE mid-September; use September–October | |
| Beauty of Hants[11][6] | Southampton, Hampshire, England | c. 1850 | A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk variable. Flesh very crisp, yellowish juicy, highly aromatic. Triploid. | Eating | PickE late September–early October; use November–February | |
| Beauty of Kent[11][6] | Kent, England | 1820 | Old culinary apple, very irregular, ribbed. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 83 mm (3.3 in). AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh yellowish, tender, subacid. TRI | Cooking | PickE late September; use December–March | |
| Beauty of Stoke[11] | Nottinghamshire, England | Tree vigorous. FCC from RHS in 1890. Flesh yellowish, firm, dry, pleasant flavour. | Cooking, eating | PickE mid- to late October. Use January·March | ||
| Beauty of Wiltshire (syn. Weisse Wachs Reinette)[35] | ? | <1800 | Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 9 mm (0.35 in). Flesh juicy, very acidic. | Cooking, eating | Use October–November | |
| Bedfordshire Foundling[10][6] | Bedfordshire, England | c. 1800 | A yellow apple slightly flushed with red. An excellent culinary apple. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 88 mm (3.5 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, juicy, subacid. | Cooking | PickE late September–early October; use December–March | |
| Bedrika (syn. Prisatka)[15] | Possibly Serbia | A green conical apple with red flush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Weight 184 g (6.5 oz). Flesh white, sweet, with pleasant aroma. | Eating | |||
| Beefsteak[7] | US | <1870 | Stalk medium. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid. Very good. | Eating | Use October–November | |
| Beeley Pippin[6] | Derbyshire, England | c. 1880 | A yellow apple flushed (25–50%) with red. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | Pick late August; use September–October | |
| Belle de Boskoop agm[45][19][3][25][6][13] | Boskoop, Netherlands | 1856 | Width 73–95 mm (2.9–3.7 in), height 67–87 mm (2.6–3.4 in), weight 205 g (7.2 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in). Flesh acid and aromatic. AM from RHS in 1897. VitC 10–17. Density 0.83 TRI | Cooking, baking | PickE early October. PickG mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use January–April | |
| Belle de Buits[35] | Buits, La Vienne, France | <1860 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 68–74 mm (2.7–2.9 in), height 49–54 mm (1.9–2.1 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, sweet. | Cooking, eating | Use January–April | |
| Belle de Pontoise[11][25][27][6] | France | 1869, introduced 1879 | Large flat-round apple. Greenish-yellow, 25–75% flushed with red. Biennial. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Flesh white, sweet, juicy. | Cooking. | PickE mid-October; use November–March | |
| Belmont[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1870 | Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh yellowish, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic. Very good. Tree vigorous, healthy, very productive. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Ben Davis[8][22] | Southeastern US | c. 1800 | Noted for keeping well prior to refrigerated storage, but flavour has been compared with cork. | Eating | ||
| Bennet[7] | Herefordshire, England | <1870 | A cider apple. | Cider | ||
| Benoni[8][7][46][21][6] | Massachusetts, US | <1832 | A small orange-yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 57–59 mm (2.2–2.3 in), height 53 mm (2.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. BB. DBH 110. | Eating | Pick50 August 23. PickE late August. Use August–September | |
| Ben's Red[11][6] | Cornvall, England | c. 1830 | Medium to large apple. Slightly ribbed. Skin flushed and striped dark red. Flesh pale yellow, sweet, aromatic. P Devonshire Quarrenden x Box Apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1899. | Eating | PickE early September; use September. | |
| Bentley Sweet[8] | Virginia, US | <1850 | Flesh sweet. Tree vigorous, productive, an early bearer. | Eating | Use April–September | |
| Berlepsch see Frieherr von Berlepsch | ||||||
| Berner Rosen[19] | Switzerland | 1860 | A red apple. Height 57–62 mm (2.2–2.4 in), width 62–66 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Weight 110 g (3.9 oz). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. VitC 11. Density 0.78 | Eating | PickG late September–early October; use December–February | |
| Bess Pool[11][25][6] | Nottinghamshire, England | 1824 | Round-conical apple. Flesh firm but tender, white, sweet, rather dry. Trees are shy bearers at first. Width 67–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). | Eating | PickE early October; use November–February | |
| Bethlemite[7] | US | <1860 | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Beverly Hills[9][14] | California, US | 1939, Introduced 1945.[47] | P Melba x Early McIntosh. Slightly tart flavor. Flesh white. Likes warm weather. MacIntosh style summer apple that is self fertile and well adapted to low chill conditions.[48] | Eating | ||
| Biesterfelder Renette[26] | Biesterfeld, Lippe, Germany | 1850 | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy. | Eating | Use October–December | |
| Bietigheimer[21][22] | Germany | <1870 | Fruit very large with russet. Width 110 mm (4.3 in), height 78 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree large, vigorous. Flesh white, firm, coarse, srisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Use September–October | ||
| Birgit Bonnier[49] | Sweden | 1992 | A cross between Cortland (apple) and Lord Lambourne. | |||
| Bismarck[19][11][21][22][13][6][29] | Victoria, Australia | 1870 | Large fruit with a yellow-green with red overcolour. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good. FCC from RHS in 1887. Width 65–85 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 58–72 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). | Cooking, juice. | PickE late September. Use November–February | |
| Bittenfelder[3] | Baden-Württemberg, Germany | <1940 | Flesh; white, crisp, juicy, subacid. | Cider, juice | PickG late October. Use November–April. | |
| Black Annette[7] | US | <1820 | Flesh white, tender, good. | Eating | Use November–December | |
| Black Apple[7] | US | <1820 | Flesh white, good. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Black Gilliflower[8][22] | US | <1800 | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh white, dry, subacid, good. Tree very productive. | Eating | Use November–March | |
| Blackjon[9] | Washington, US | Introduced 1931 | Mutation of Jonathan | Eating | ||
| Blackmack[9] | British Columbia, Canada | Introduced 1930 | Mutation of Red McIntosh. | Eating | ||
| Black Oxford[7] | Maine, US | <1870 | Flesh white, dry, subacid, good. Tree a great bearer. | Eating | Use March–May | |
| Black Sweet (syn. Moore's Sweeting)[8] | US | <1820 | Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh yellow, dry, very sweet. Quality inferior. | Baking, cider | Use December–March | |
| Blairmont[50] | Georgia, US | Cross made 1961 | A round to conical apple with 90% red overcolor. Moderately resistant to scab, fire blight, powdery mildew and black rot. DBH 112. Flesh: cream, juicy, subacid. | Eating | ||
| Blauacher Wädenswil[3] | Switzerland | Width 78 mm (3.1 in). Height 75 mm (3.0 in). Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid. | Cider, juice | PickG late September. Use October. | ||
| Bledsoe[8] | Kentucky, US | <1855 | A large apple. Stalk short. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Use September–April | |
| Blenheim Orange (syn. Emilia in Ecuador and Pennsylvania in Colombia)agm[51][3][22][12][13][29] cz. Blenheimskà reneta, fr. Reinette de Blenheim, ge. Goldreinette von Blenheim, po. Blenheimska, ru. Renet blenghheimskii.[6] | England | Discovered c. 1740, introduced c. 1818 | Has greenish-yellow to orange skin streaked with red. Width 75–91 mm (3.0–3.6 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), weight 165 g (5.8 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Flesh; aromatic, juicy. Distinctive nutty flavor excellent for cooking. The vigorous tree is slow to come into crop but then produces heavily. TRI VitC 13. Density 0.76 | Cooking, eating | PickE late September. PickG early October. Use November–January. | |
| Bloody Ploughman | Carse of Gowrie, Scotland | c. 1800 | A medium-sized, very dark red, heavily ribbed apple. Crisp, mildly sweet white flesh, sometimes pink-streaked. It is reputed to have got its name after a gamekeeper shot dead a ploughman caught stealing apples from the Megginch Estate. When his body was returned to his wife, she found stolen apples in his pockets and threw them onto a rubbish heap. One of the resulting seedlings bore apples of a deep, blood red. This tree gave rise to the cultivar that was named after the unfortunate ploughman.[52] | Eating | ||
| Blue Pearmain[6][7][11][22] | US | c. 1800 | A yellow apple with dark red stripes. Width 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Height 63–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in). Steam short and stout. FCC from RHS in 1896. Flesh aromatic, spicy, subacid, very good. | Cooking, cider, eating | PickE early October; use November–December. | |
| Bodil Neergaard[53][29] | Denmark | 1855 | A green oblong conical apple. Width 56–61 mm (2.2–2.4 in), height 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh; white, juicy, spicy. | Eating, cooking | Pick October; use Januar–March | |
| Böhmer (syn. Edel-Böhmer)[35] | Tyrol | <1857 | Green with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Böhmischer Rosenapfel[35] | Bohemia, Germany | <1800 | A large apple. Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh juicy, sweet. | Eating, cooking | Use August–September | |
| Bohnapfel[3] | Germany | <1800 | Width 55 mm (2.2 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in), weight 100 g (3.5 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Flesh; acid, crisp, juicy. Density 0.80 TRI | Cooking, cider | PickG late October–early November; use March–May | |
| Boiken[3][19][21][6][29] | Bremen, Germany | 1828 | Culinary apple. Width 68–82 mm (2.7–3.2 in), height 56–68 mm (2.2–2.7 in). Weight 125 g (4.4 oz). Stalk 17–23 mm (0.67–0.91 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid to acid, good. VitC 10. Density 0.85 | Cooking, drying, juice | PickE mid-October. PickG mid–late October; use February–May | |
| Bonum (syn. Magnum Bonum)[7][21][22] | US | 1828 | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh white, firm, tender, aromatic, juicy, mild subacid, very good. | Eating | Use September–December | |
| Borgovskoje[32] | Russia | <1860 | A sweet yellow apple. | Eating | Pick late August | |
| Börtlinger Weinapfel[3] | Baden-Württemberg, Germany | 1827 | Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, acid. Tree vigorous. | Cider, juice | PickG mid-October. Use October–November. | |
| Bottle Greening[7] | Green Mountains, US | <1850 | Produces large fruit. Has thick skin. Flesh white, subacid. | Eating, cider | Use January–February | |
| Bough see Sweet Bough | ||||||
| Bountiful[25] | Kent, England | Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). A yellow apple flushed (0–25%) with red. Flesh, fairly juicy, fairly tender. | Cooking, Eating | Pick late September; use September–January | ||
| Bow Hill Pippin[11][6] | Bow Hill, Kent, England | introduced 1893 | Golden yellow with slight flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). AM from RHS in 1893. Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, good. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Brabant Bellefleur[11] | France? | <1830 | Large golden yellow with red flush and stripes. Stalk short. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh crisp, yellow, acid. | Cooking | Use December–April | |
| Braeburn[54][55] | New Zealand | introduced 1952 | Chance seedling. Flesh pale cream, firm, crisp, juicy. Ripens vary late. Not susceptible to bitter-pit. The fruit is widely sold commercially in the United Kingdom. SS 13.8 - 14.7 TA 0.53 - 0.86. | Eating | Pick 45 October 16. Pick55 October 5. Pick at the end of late May in New Zealand. | |
| Bramley (Bramley's Seedling) agm[56][13][6][29] | Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom | 1809 | Most widely sold cooking apple in the United Kingdom. Triploid. Width 83–86 mm (3.3–3.4 in), height 66–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Large sized fruits with waxy skin, green with a red flush, which must be peeled before use. A favorite ingredient in many traditional British puddings.[57] TRI | Cooking, juice, cider. | PickE mid-October. Use November–February. | |
| Brasil (syn. Bruckner, Bruckner do Brasil)[14] | Brazil | 1940s | Fruit large, resembles Delicious. Tree vigorous. | Eating | ||
| Brauner Matapfel[12] | Germany | <1800 | A yellow apple with redbrown flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Flesh whitish-yellow, sweet, subacid. Quality cooking good, eating fair. | Cooking | Pick mid-October; use December–May | |
| Bravo de Esmolfe | Esmolfe, Penacova, Portugal | 18th century | A small, juicy and sweet apple, considered one of the best Portuguese apples | Eating | ||
| Breakey[9] | Manitoba, Canada | Introduced 1935 | Fruit medium size, red and scarlet. Flesh white, melting, juicy, spicy. | Cooking, eating | Use September–November | |
| Breda Reinette (syn. Reinette von Breda, Reinette de Breda)[35] | Netherlands | <1850 | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic. | Cooking, eating | Use December–March | |
| Breedon Pippin | England | 1801 | Sweet flavor. Originally raised by a parson in Berkshire. Rare. | Eating | ||
| Brettacher[26][3] | Brettach, Württemberg, Germany | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Flesh white, juicy. | Eating | PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use December–May. | ||
| Breuhahn[3][26] | Geisenheim, Germany | 1895 Introduced 1934 | Width 57–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 45–53 mm (1.8–2.1 in), weight 93 g (3.3 oz). Stalk 17–25 mm (0.67–0.98 in). Flesh: yellowish white, juicy, subacid. VitC 8–14. Density 0.74 | Cooking, eating | PickG late September–early October; use October–April | |
| Briar Sweet see Pound Sweet | ||||||
| Brina | Italy | 1998 | Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with intermediate vigor; full flowering season is medium-late, production is heavy, fruit is medium or medium-large, with smooth skin; white lenticels, no russet, excellent taste characteristics. Ripens first week of October (Trentino). | Eating | ||
| Broad Eyed Pippin[6] | England | <1700 | A yellow apple with some light brown flush. Width 93 mm (3.7 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, acid. | Cooking, cider. | PickE late September; use November–January | |
| Brownlee's Russet[11][6][25][26] | Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England | c. 1848 | Green with red flush, covered with russet. Width 70–74 mm (2.8–2.9 in), height 58–61 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in). Flesh greenish white, juicy, acid, nutty flavour. | Eating | PickE mid-October; use December–March | |
| Buckingham (syn. Kentucky Queen, Lexington Queen)[58][22][21] | US | <1817 | Width 87–93 mm (3.4–3.7 in), height 67–78 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 11–21 mm (0.43–0.83 in). Flesh coarse, juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Buff[8] | US | <1830 | Very large. Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Flesh, white, tender. | Eating | Use November–March | |
| Bullock[22] | New Jersey, US | <1805 | Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh firm, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Tree not large. | Eating | Use October–January | |
| Bushey Grove[6][24] | Hertfordshire, England | 1897 | A greenish-yellow apple with red flush (25–75%). P Alexande x Dumelow. AM from RHS in 1922. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, juicy, acid. | Cooking, pie | PickE late August–early September; use October–December | |
| Byfleet Seedling[6] | Surrey, England | 1915 | Large cooking apple; width 96 mm (3.8 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). | Cooking | PickE early October. Use October–February. | |
| Byford Wonder[11] | Herefordshire, England | <1893 | Yellow with russet dots. Very large. Tree very vigorous. AM from RHS in 1893. | Cooking | PickE early October. Use November–December. |
C
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabashea[7][22] | New York, US | <1851 | A large oblate apple. Width 100 mm (3.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). | Cooking | Use September–October | |
| Čačanska pozna[59] | Serbia | Introduced 1971 | P Starking x Jonathan. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in), weight 200 g (7.1 oz). Stalk medium. Diploid. | Pick late September–early October | ||
| Čadel[59] | Serbia | Introduced 1984 | P Golden Delicious x Jonathan. Width 78–82 mm (3.1–3.2 in), height 78–82 mm (3.1–3.2 in), weight 250–275 g (8.8–9.7 oz). Stalk 45 mm (1.8 in). Flesh firm, crisp, juicy, acid. | Pick late September–early October | ||
| Cal-King[9] | California US | 1942 | P unknown. | |||
| Calville Blanc d'hiver ge. Weisser Winterkalvill.[6][26][27] | France | <1598 | Noted for unusual looks (somewhat lumpy on the side) but excellent reward when tried. Noted for having unusually high vitamin C content. Apple of choice for tarte tatin in France. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk variable. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. C 32. | Cooking, eating | PickE third week of October; use November–March | |
| Calville Rouge D'Automne[10] | France | 1670 | A culinary apple of inferior quality in England. | Cooking, eating | PickE late September. Use October–November. | |
| Calville Rouge D'Ete[10] | France | <1800 | A culinary apple of second-rate quality. | Cooking, eating | ||
| Calville Rouge D'Hiver[10][6] | France | <1800 | A culinary apple of second-rate quality. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk long. Flesh white, soft, juicy, sweet. | Cider, cooking, eating | Pick early October; use December–March | |
| Calville Saint Sauveur[35][13] | France | 1839 | Yellow with red flush. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61–71 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in). | Eating | Pick October. Use October–February. | |
| Cambusnethan Pippin[6] | Stirlingshire, Scotland | c. 1750 | A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, sweet, aromatic. | Eating, cooking | PickE mid- to late September; use October–December | |
| Cameo | Washington State, US | 1980s | Existence owed to freak accidental crossing of two most popular apples in world: Red and Golden Delicious. Retains prongs on bottom of latter parent but has flavor more resembling Golden. | Eating | Pick45 October 20. Pick55 October 8. | |
| Campanino | Modena, Italy | Before 1751 (documented) | Fruits have firm, crisp flesh with a rather acid flavor | Cooking | PickE late October. Use January–March. | |
| Campfield (syn. Newark Sweeting)[7][22][8] | New Jersey, US | <1817 | A cider apple. Biennial. | Cider | Use November–July | |
| Canada Reinette (see Reinette du Canada) | ||||||
| Cannon Pearmain[7] | Possibly North Carolina, US | <1851 | A medium size, yellow apple with red flush. Flesh yellow, subacid, very good. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Capital[8] | Indiana, US | <1850 | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use December–January | |
| Caraway Russet (see Fenouillet Gris) | ||||||
| Carícia[14] | Brazil | Introduced 1995 | P Prima x Anna. Flesh subacid, good. Tree vigorous. | Eating | ||
| Cardinal (syn. Kiarolkowski, Peter the Great)[11] | Russia | <1880 | AM from RHS in 1896. Flesh soft, white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | PickE mid-August. Use August–September | |
| Carlisle Codlin[6] | England | <1830 | Yellow apple with no overcolour. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Flesh juicy, subacid. | Cooking | PickE early September; use October–November | |
| Carlough[22] | New York, US | <1899 | Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Use November–April | |
| Carlton[9] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1923 | P Montgomery x Red Astrachan. Ripens 1 month later than Red Astrachan. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Tree vigorous, annual bearer. | PickE late August. Use August–October. | ||
| Carola (syn. Kalco)[3] | Germany | 1962 | Width 74–85 mm (2.9–3.3 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in), weight 135–220 g (4.8–7.8 oz). Stalk 5–20 mm (0.20–0.79 in). Density 0.79 | Cooking, eating | PickE mid-September; use September–December. | |
| Carolina Red June[46][22][7][8] (syn. Red June, Georgia June) | Tennessee, US | c. 1810 | Very popular Civil War-era Southern apple. Flesh juicy, brisk, subacid. Does beautifully in humid weather. Good choice for backyard gardener in subtropical climate, though hardy as far north as zone 5. | Cooking, Eating | Pick late July–early August; use August–October | |
| Carpentin Reinette (syn. Carpentin)[35] | France or Germany | <1800 | Gelb with red stripes. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 44 mm (1.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). | Cooking. | Use December–March | |
| Carroll[60] | Manitoba, Canada | Selected 1947, introduced 1961. | Resembles a highly colored Melba. | Eating | Pick late August–early September. | |
| Carswell's Orange[6] | Surrey, England | 1938 | A yellow apple with red flush (25–75%). P Cox Orange x unknown. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, juicy, aromatic. | Eating | Pick mid-September; use September–November | |
| Carter's Blue | Alabama, US | 1840s | Medium to large, roundish oblate; skin green or greenish yellow washed with dull red with darker red broken tripes, covered with a heavy bluish bloom. Crisp, juicy, sugary, aromatic, mild subacid. Foliage also has a blue hue. Once widely grown in the American South, then thought extinct. Reintroduced to America in 1994 after being discovered at the National Fruit Trust in Kent, England, where it had been added in 1947 from a collection in Rhone, France, after it had been acquired around 1860 from the Fruitland Nursery in Augusta, Georgia.[61] | Eating, cooking | PickE early Octobeer. Use October–February. | |
| Carver (syn. White Carver)[7] | Pa. US | <1875 | Stalk short. Flesh yellow, juicy, tender, vinous, subacid. Tree productive. | Eating | Use August | |
| Catline (syn. Gregson Apple)[7] | Maryland, US | <1875 | Below medium size. Flesh tender, juicy, sweet. Tree slow growth. | Eating | Use October–December | |
| Catshead[6] | England | <1700 | Sharp flavor. Lumpy shape and electric green coloring. Width and height 86 mm (3.4 in). Known to have been a variety planted in early Virginia by settlers as well as native England. Extremely rare in native United Kingdom; occasionally still found growing in southern United States. | Cooking | PickE early October. Use October–January. | |
| Cauley[9] | Mississippi, US | Introduced 1942 | P unknown. A large apple. Flesh yellow, crisp, juicy. Tree yields heavily. | Cooking, jelly | ||
| Celestia[8] | Ohio, US | <1850 | Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh subacid, sprightly, spicy, aromatic. | Cooking, eating | Use September | |
| Cellini[19][23][20][12][29] | England | <1843 | Width 70–86 mm (2.8–3.4 in), height 56–74 mm (2.2–2.9 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Flesh; white, soft, subacid. | Eating, cooking | PickE mid–late September; use October–December | |
| Champagnerrenette (see Reinette de Champagne) | ||||||
| Champion (syn. Shampion, Sampion)[3] | Czechoslovakia | c. 1960, introduced 1976 | A greenish yellow apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Weight 180 g (6.3 oz). Stalk 40 mm (1.6 in). P Golden Delicious x Cox Orange Pippin. Attractive color. This tree bears attractive fruit, extra-large sized, deep Flesh; creamy white, juicy, and subacid. Keeps fresh for a long time. Starts bearing at a young age. VitC 8. | Eating | PickG early to mid-October. Use October–February. | |
| Champlain[22] | US | < | A grennish yellow apple. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh white, very tender, juicy, subacid. Quality: eating good, cooking excellent. | Eating, cooking | Use August–October | |
| Charden[3] | France | P Golden Delicious x Reinette Clochard. Flesh; subacid. TRI | Cooking, eating | PickG October. Use November–March. | ||
| Charlamoff[21][22] | Russia | <1880 | Yellow with red flush. Tree small. Flesh white, coarse, juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Pick August; use August | |
| Charlamowsky (see Duchess of Oldenburg) | ||||||
| Charles Eyre[6] | Berkshire, England | Introduced 1911 | A greenish-yellow apple. Width 102 mm (4.0 in), height 90 mm (3.5 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, soft, dry, acid. | Cooking, pie | PickE mid-September; use September–November | |
| Charles Ross[11]agm[62][25] | Berkshire, England | 1890s | FCC from RHS in 1899. Orange to red. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Best cooked early in season. Good flavor, and sweet when eaten later in season. | Multi-purpose | PickE mid-September; use October–December | |
| Chataigner[63] | Normandie, France | <1400 | A green apple with russet and red overcolor. Width 72–74 mm (2.8–2.9 in), height 55–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 7–13 mm (0.28–0.51 in). | PickE late October. Use December–April. | ||
| Chaxhill Red[64] | Gloucestershire, England | >1873 | A roundish oblate red apple. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk short and stout. | Eating, cider | ||
| Cheddar Cross[6][65] | Long Ashton, England | Raised 1916, selected 1946, introduced 1949. | Green apple with red flush. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). P: Allington Pippin x Star of Devon. Flesh yellow, juicy, sharp. | Eating | PickE late August. Use August–September. | |
| Cheese[7] | Pa. US | <1870 | Flesh white, tender, subacid. Good. Tree vigorous, bears annually. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Cheeseborough[8] | US | <1840 | One of the largest and one of the poorest of the russet apples. Flesh dry, subacid, sweet. | Cooking | Use November–December | |
| Chelmsford Wonder[66][6][11][67] | Essex, England | c. 1870 | A large long keeping yellow-skinned apple with diffuse orange pink flush. FCC from RHS in 1891. Width 75–81 mm (3.0–3.2 in), height 61–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk: short and stout. Still grown in Essex orchards including Lathcoats Farm Shop. Flesh; creamy white, firm, tough, fine-textured, juicy, subacid. | Cooking | PickE early October; use November–February | |
| Chenango[7](syn. Chenango Strawberry)[21][22] | N.Y. US | <1850 | Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh white, firm, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, good to very good. | Eating | Pick45 August 14. PickE early September. Use September–October | |
| Chester (syn. Chester Redstreak)[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1850 | Medium size. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | Use November–December | |
| Chestnut[9] | Minnesota, US | Introduced 1946 | P Malinda x unknown. Flesh nutlike flavor. Tree vigorous, productive. | |||
| Chiver's Delight[25][6] | Histon, Cambridgeshire, England | 1920s | Medium to large oblate apple. Red flush over greenish yellow skin. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk long. Flesh; creamy white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, sweet. Flavor can be variable but at its best is very well balanced. Grown by Chivers (now a brand of Premier Foods) for apple sauce. | Multi-purpose | Picke mid-October. Use November–January. | |
| Chorister Boy[6] | Wiltshire, England | <1890 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, juivy, subacid. | Eating | PickE late September–early October; use November–December | |
| Christmas Pearmain[6] | England | 1893 | A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, crisp, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | PickE early October. Use November–January | |
| Citron d'Hiver (see Winter Zitronenapfel) | ||||||
| Clarke (syn. Clarke Beauty)[22] | New York, US | <1900 | Flesh tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use October–January | |
| Claygate Pearmain[11] [6][25] | Surrey, England | 1821 | Suitable for northerly, cold, wet climates: rich, nutty flavor. FCC from RHS in 1921. Width 67–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 59–67 mm (2.3–2.6 in). Stalk 10–18 mm (0.39–0.71 in). TRI | Eating | PickE early October; use December–February | |
| Clayton[8] | Indiana, US | <1850 | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh yellow, subacid. | Cooking | Use November–March | |
| Cleopatra (see Ortley) | ||||||
| Clivia[3] | East Germany | 1964 | Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg x Cox's Orange Pippin. Width 64–80 mm (2.5–3.1 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in), weight 100–183 g (3.5–6.5 oz). Stalk 15–30 mm (0.59–1.18 in). | Eating | PickE late September. PickG mid-October. Use October–April | |
| Close[20][6] | Virginia, US | Selected 1928, Introduced 1938 | A greenish-yellow apple with red stripes. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 67–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in), TRI | Eating | PickE early August; use August. | |
| Cludius Herbstapfel[68] | Germany | <1860 | A green apple. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh juicy, subacid. | Eating | PickE mid-September; use September–October. | |
| Cockle Pippin[6] | Surrey, England | c. 1800 | A greenish yellow apple. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk medium. Flesh, firm, white, dry, sweet. | Eating | PickE early–mid-October; use December–March. | |
| Coffelt[22] | US | Flesh whitish, firm, tender, juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Use January–May | ||
| Cogswell (syn. Cogswell Pearmain)[7] | Connecticut, US | c. 1755 | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Collamer[21][22] | New York, US | c. 1895 | A sport of Twenty Ounce. Width 105 mm (4.1 in), height 95 mm (3.7 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). | |||
| Collins[22] | Fayetteville, Arkansas, US | <1895 | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Flesh white, crisp, firm, subacid, fair to good. Tree vigorous. | Eating | PickE late October. Use January–June | |
| Colora Red York[9] | Colora, Cecil County, Maryland | Discovered 1933. Introduced 1935. | A bright red apple. Bud mutation of York Imperial. | |||
| Colton[22] | Massachusetts, US | c. 1840 | A yellow apple. Flesh juicy, mild subacid. | Eating | Use August | |
| Colvert[8] | US | <1850 | A large apple. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use October–November | |
| Conard[9] | Missouri, US | Introduced 1935 | P Ben Davis x Jonathan. Ripens one week after Jonathan. Tree vigorous, resistant to disease. | Eating | ||
| Constantine[21][22] | Europe | <1873 | Constantine is very similar to Alexander, but ripens later and keeps longer. Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh, white, firm, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | Use September–November | |
| Cook's Favorite[8] | US | <1850 | Flesh yellow, subacid. Stalk long. | Cooking | Use September | |
| Cooper[8][7][22] | Connecticut, US | <1796 | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, vinous, sweet. Good. | Eating | Use October–December | |
| Cooper Early White[7] | Possibly Illinois, US | <1870 | Flesh white, crisp. | Eating | Use September–October | |
| Cooper Market[7][22][69] | Possibly New Jersey, US | <1804 | Tree vigorous. Flesh white, tender, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | Use December–May | |
| Cornell Fancy[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1870 | Stalk medium. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid. Very good. Tree vigorous. | Eating | ||
| Cornish Aromatic[6][25] | Cornwall, England | very old | Large yellow. High-quality dessert apple. Width 64–77 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 58–69 mm (2.3–2.7 in). Stalk 18–21 mm (0.71–0.83 in). | Eating | PickE mid-October; use December–March | |
| Cornish Gilliflower[6][25] | Cornwall, England | 1813 | Discovered as accidental seedling. Shy bearer. Width 68–70 mm (2.7–2.8 in), height 68–70 mm (2.7–2.8 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh yellow, sweet. | Eating | PickE mid-October; use November–March | |
| Coronation[6] | Sussex, England | 1902 | A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk long. AM from RHS in 1902. Flesh white, soft, dry, sweet. | Cooking, eating | Pick mid-September; use September–December | |
| Cortland[20][21][6] | Geneva, New York, US | 1899. Introduced 1915. | Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 57–62 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Classic red coloration, nice crunch. Flesh; white, juicy, crisp. P Ben Davis x McIntosh. Tree early and annual bearer, very hardy. | Eating | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 1. | |
| Cosmic Crisp[55] | Washington, United States | Cross made 1997. Became available commercially in 2019. | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 26 mm (1.0 in). Weight 290–300 g (10–11 oz). P Enterprise x Honeycrisp. Flesh: crisp, firm, juicy. SS 12.9–14.6, TA 0.60–0.83. | Eating | Ripens four weeks after Gala. | |
| Cottenham Seedling[6] | Cambridgeshire, England | <1923 | P Dumelow x unknown. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh white, firm, juicy, acid. | Cooking | PickE late September–early October; use November–March | |
| Court Pendu Plat ge. Königlicher Kurzstiel, fr. Court Pendu Rouge, ru. Korolewskaja Korotkonoshka.[25][26][13] | France | 1613 | Extremely old variety, may date from as early as Roman times. Width 61–67 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in). Popular during the Victorian era. Yellow to light green, flushed with red (0–75%). | Eating, cooking, baking, drying, juice. | PickE mid-October; use December–April | |
| Cowan's Seedling[64] | England | A small apple, yellow with red flush. Stalk very short. Flesh juicy, sweet, pleasant flavour. | Eating | Use October | ||
| Cowarne Quoining[64] | Herefordshire, England | 1826 | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short and slender. Flesh juicy, sweet and of good flavour. | Eating | Use January–March | |
| Cox's Orange Pippin fr. Cox Orange Pippin, Orange de Cox.[25][3][22][27][13][28] | England | 1829 | One of the most celebrated apples in the United Kingdom, valued for its aromatic "orange" color and flavor. Width 60–89 mm (2.4–3.5 in), height 48–81 mm (1.9–3.2 in), weight 85–100 g (3.0–3.5 oz). Stalk 10–14 mm (0.39–0.55 in). The fruit is widely sold commercially. Mainly grown in United Kingdom, Belgium and the Netherlands but also grown for export in New Zealand. VitC 5–11. Density 0.85 | Eating | Pick45 September 12. PickE late September. PickG late September–mid-October. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–February | |
| Cox Pomona (syn. Pomona)[6][22][12][3] | Buckinghamshire, England | c. 1825 | A large five crowned apple. Width 82–88 mm (3.2–3.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Raised by Richard Cox. Parentage Alexander x unknown. Mainly grown in Denmark and Sweden. VitC 12. | Eating, cooking | PickE mid–late September. PickG mid-September. Use October–December. | |
| Cranberry Pippin[8][22] | New York, US | <1840 | Large yellow apple with red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Flesh white, juicy, subacid. | Cooking | Use November–February | |
| Crawford (syn. Crawford Keeper)[8] | US | <1850 | Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use February–April | |
| Crawley Beauty[25][70] | England or France | <1870 | A pale green cooking apple. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). At maturity yellow with orange-red flush. Award of Merit from Royal Horticultural Society in 1912. | Cooking | PickE mid-October; use December–March | |
| Creek[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1870 | Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Very good. Tree vigorous. | Eating | Use December–March. | |
| Crimson Cox[71] | Herefordshire, England | discovered 1913, introduced 1928 | Mutation of Cox Orange Pippin. Skin covered with crimson. | Eating | ||
| Crimson Crisp[72] | New Jersey, US | Cross made 1971 | A greenish-yellow apple with red-purple overcolor (95–100%). Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid. SS 13.5–16.5, TA 0.63, D 76. Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). | Eating | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5. Use October–December. | |
| Crimson Delight | Washington, United States | Crimson Delight is a multi-purpose apple intended for snacking, baking and fresh recipes. The fruit size is medium to large with a firm texture and is crisp and juicy. | Eating, baking | |||
| Crimson Gold[73] | Czech Republic | 1944 | A golf ball-sized applecrab hybrid developed by Albert Etter who named it Little Rosybloom for its cute size and attractive ruby red flush. He died before completing the patent papers. Fruit was later rediscovered and renamed. Very crispy and keeps texture in baking. | Eating, baking | Pick45 September 27. | |
| Crimson Queening[6] | England | <1831 | A greenish-yellow apple flushed (50–75%) crimson. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk variable. Flesh greenish white, soft, sweet, juicy, subacid. | Cooking | PickE early September; use September–October | |
| Cripps Pink ('Pink Lady')[74][55] | Australia | 1970s | Crisp, very sweet and slightly tart. Light red, pink and light yellow-green striped skin. Width 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Weight 197 g (6.9 oz). SS 12.5–16.0, TA 0.71–0.91 | Cooking, eating | Pick45 October 21. Pick55 October 10. | |
| Crispin (see Mutsu) | ||||||
| Criterion | New York | 1898 | One of parents believed to be Ben Davis, but very tart unlike parent. Dark red skin underlain with stripes. | Cooking, eating | ||
| Croncels (fr. Transparente de Croncels)[3][27][13] | France | 1869 | Round oblong. Pale milky yellow with occasional slight flush. Flesh pale yellow, tender, very juicy, subacid. Width 80–85 mm (3.1–3.3 in), height 67–73 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Weight 195 g (6.9 oz). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). VitC 26. Density 0.72 | Eating | PickG late August–mid-September. Use September–October | |
| Cullasaga[8] | North Carolina, US | <1858 | Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet flavor. | Eating | Use January–April | |
| Curl Tail[6] | England | <1872 | A yellow apple. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, soft, dry, subacid. | Cooking | PickE mid-September; use October–December |
D
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dakota Beauty[9] | South Dakota, US | Introduced 1944 | ||||
| Damasonrenette[26] | Mâcon, France | <1628 | A yellow apple with russet. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 50–55 mm (2.0–2.2 in). Flesh: greenish-white, subacid, juicy. | Eating, juice, cider | Use December–April | |
| Daniel[8] | Indiana, US | <1850 | A delightful dessert apple. Flesh subacid, aromatic. | Eating | Use September | |
| Danziger Kantapfel[19] | Germany | <1760 | A yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in) | Cooking, eating | Pick October; use October–December | |
| D'Arcy Spice agm[75][25] | Tolleshunt D'Arcy, Essex, England | 1785 | A medium-sized apple with yellow-green skin, a red blush where exposed to the sun and covered with a spotty ochre russet. White flesh is aromatic, firm and crisp with noticeable hints of anise and clove. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 58–61 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). | Eating | PickE late October; use December–April | |
| Davey[9] | Massachusetts, US | Introduced 1950 | P McIntosh x unknown. Tree bears earlier and more regularly than Baldwin, resistant to scab. | Eating | ||
| Dayton[76] | Urbana, Illinois, US | Selected 1976, introduced 1988 | A roundish to oblate apple, with red overcolor (up to 90%). Flesh: fine grained, firm, cisp, very good, subacid, 13,3% soluble solids, 0.3% titrable acid. Widtj 74 mm (2.9 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18–21 mm (0.71–0.83 in). P N.J. 123249 x PRI 1235–000. Maturity 4 weeks before Delicious. | Eating | Pick55 August 12. | |
| Deacon Jones[21][22] | Pennsylvania, US | <1890 | Large oblong-conic, ribbed. Yellow with red flush. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, fair to good. | Eating | Use November–March | |
| Dean's Codlin[35] | Possibly England | <1844 | A large apple. Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). | Cooking | Use December–March | |
| De Jaune (see Jaune) | ||||||
| Delawine[9] | Ohio, US | Introduced 1948 | P Delicious x Stayman Winesap. Flesh juicy and flavor of Stayman Winesap. Tree strong grower. | |||
| Delblush | France | 1979 | Tentation delblush, Golden Delicious × Grifer | Eating | ||
| Delcon[9] | Missouri, US | Introduced 1948. | P Conrad x Deliciious. Tree dwarf tendency, heavy producer. | Eating | ||
| Delcorf[77] | France | 1960 | Delbarestivale delcorf, Golden Delicious × Stark Jonagrimes | Eating | PickE early September. Use September–October. | |
| Delfloga | France | 2008 | Delbardivine delfloga, Royal Gala Tenroy × Florina, scab resistant | Eating | ||
| Delflopion | Delbard, France | Sampion × Florina, scab resistant | Eating | |||
| Delicious[6][78][26] | Iowa, US | c. 1880 | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, atromatic. DBH 142-153 | Eating | PickE mid-October; use December–March | |
| Delrouval | France | 1995 | Cybèle delrouval, Delcorf × Akane | Eating | ||
| Deltana | France | 2010 | Delbard Celeste deltana, (Golden Delicious × Grive Rouge) × Florina, scab resistant | Eating | ||
| Democrat 1.[7] | US | <1869 | A yellow apple striped and splashed with red. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 24 mm (0.94 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, very good. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Democrat 2. | Australia | c. 1900 | Dark red flush. Flesh: crisp, sweet, juicy. | PickE late October. Use January–March. | ||
| Detroit Red (syn. Detroit)[7][22] | Possibly the US | <1820 | Flesh, white, crisp, juicy, subacid. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Good. | Eating | Use October–February | |
| Deutsher Goldpepping (syn. Pomme d'Or d'Allemange)[35] | Germany | <1833 | A yellow apple. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). | Eating, cooking | Use January–April | |
| Devonshire Quarreden[6][25] | England, possibly France | 1685 (documented) | Possible French parentage or ancestry. Crimson red peel. Juicy. Width 51–64 mm (2.0–2.5 in), height 38–48 mm (1.5–1.9 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh greenish-white, crisp, juicy, sweet. | Eating | PickE mid–late August; use late August–early September | |
| Dewdney's Seedling[6] | Lincolnshire, England | c. 1850 | Large, irregular, late cooking apple. Flesh juicy, acid. Width 95 mm (3.7 in), height 80 mm (3.1 in). Stalk very short. | Cooking | PickE late August–early September; use October–January | |
| Diamond Jubilee[11] | Kent, England | <1901 | A yellow apple. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh firm, white, good. | Eating, cooking | PickE mid-October. Use January–March | |
| Dijkmanszoet[13] | A yellow to green apple with red stripes. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). | Cooking | Use November–April | |||
| Discovery agm[79][25][3] | Essex, England | 1949. Introduced 1949. | P Worcester × Beauty of Bath. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Sharp, sweet flavour. Fruits are sold commercially in the United Kingdom. | Eating | PickE mid–late August. PickG mid-August. Pickg August 15–30. Use mid-August–mid-September | |
| Diwa (see Junami) | ||||||
| Doctor[7][22] | Pennsylvania, US | <1817 | Flesh tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Good. | Eating | Use October–January | |
| Domine (syn. Hogan, Wells, Cheat)[7][8] | US | <1831 | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 29 mm (1.1 in). Flesh exceedingly tender and juicy. | Eating | Use December–April | |
| Domino[11] | Possibly Nottinghamshire, England | Oblong, rounded, irregular. Pale yellowish green. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short. Flesh crisp, acid. | Cooking | |||
| Domnesc (syn. Pomme de Moldavie, Herrenapfel)[15] | Moldova | <1800 | Width 100 mm (3.9 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), weight 170–210 mm (6.7–8.3 in). Flesh, juicy, sweet sour. | Eating | PickG September. PickE mid-October. Use October–January. | |
| Dorsett Golden[14] | Bahamas | 1964 | Grown from chance seedling of Golden Delicious. Yellow with red flush (10–40%). Flesh sweet, subacid, good. Tree vigorous. One of the most southerly apples grown in North America. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use December–January. | |
| Double Red Baldwin[9] | New Hampshire | Discovered 1924. Introduced 1927. | Mutation of Baldwin. Darker red than Baldwin | Eating | ||
| Double Red Delicious (see Starking) | ||||||
| Double Red Duchess (see Red Duchess) | ||||||
| Double Red McIntosh (see McIntosh Rogers) | ||||||
| Double Red Rome Beauty[9] | Washington, US | Discovered 1925, Introduced 1927 | Mutation of Rome Beauty. | Eating | ||
| Double Red Wealthy[9] | New York, US | Discovered 1933, Introduced 1940 | Dark red mutation of Wealthy. | Eating | ||
| Double Red Willow Twig[9] | Illinois, US | Discovered 1927, Introduced 1929. | Dark red mutation of Willow Twig | Eating | ||
| Dougherty/Red Dougherty | Australia, New Zealand | 1930 | Red Dougherty is a recent mutation discovered in New Zealand from the old Australian Dougherty. | Eating | ||
| Doux d'Argent[27][80] | Anjou, France | <1839 | A yellow to green apple. Width 78–92 mm (3.1–3.6 in), height 58–72 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). | Use December–January. | ||
| Downton Pippin[10] | Herefordshire, England | 1806 | A dessert apple of first-rate quality. Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 44 mm (1.7 in). Parentage: Orange Pippin x Golden Pippin. | Eating | PickE mid-September. Use November–January | |
| Drakenstein[14] | South Africa | Introduced 1981 | Round, bright red. P (Wemmershoek x Granny Smith) x Richared Delicious. Tree vigorous. | Eating | ||
| Dr. Seelig's Oranje Reinette[13] | Kiel, Germany | A yellow to green apple with no overcolor. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). | Use November–January | |||
| Duchess of Oldenburg (syn. Charlamowsky, fr. Borowinka, Broovitsky, Borowicki)[6][19][27][13] | Russia | <1824 | Has red stripes with splashes of green. Excellent resistance to freezing temperatures. Stalk 8–20 mm (0.31–0.79 in). Width 69–89 mm (2.7–3.5 in), height 57–73 mm (2.2–2.9 in). | Cooking, eating | Pick45 August 14. Pick55 July 25. Use September–March | |
| Duchess's Favourite[25] | Surrey, England | c. 1800 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh white, acid. | Eating | Pick late August; use August–September | |
| Dudley Winter (syn. Dudley)[22] | Castle Hill, Maine, US | 19th century | A medium-sized oblate apple with greenish-yellow skin covered with red stripes over a solid red blush. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh is firm but tender, juicy, aromatic and quite tart, becoming milder as it ages. Good for fresh eating and cooking; rated by many as one of the best for apple pies and sauces. Tree is a natural semi-dwarf, very hardy and bears heavily annually. | Cooking, eating | ||
| Duke of Devonshire[6][25] | Lancashire, England | Raised 1835. Introduced 1875 | Dessert apple, resistant to scab and canker. Width 61–69 mm (2.4–2.7 in), height 54–56 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 5 mm (0.20 in). | Eating | PickE early October; use January–March | |
| Dülmener[3] | Germany | 1870 | Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in), weight 195 mm (7.7 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in). VitC 6. Density 0.81 | Cooking, eating | PickE mid-September. PickG mid–late September; use September–December | |
| Dummellor's Seedling agm[81] also known as Dumelow's Seedling[82][25] | Shackerstone, Leicestershire, England | <1800 | Roundish-oblate apple with pale greenish-yellow skin strewn with large russet dots, occasionally covered with a delicate pinkish-orange blush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 11–14 mm (0.43–0.55 in). Flesh yellow-tinted white flesh, aromatic, firm, crisp, tart, and very juicy. One of the most widely grown culinary apples of Victorian England, esteemed for its fine flavour and good keeping qualities. | Cooking | PickE mid-October; use November–March | |
| Dungay[64] | England | <1884 | An excellent cooking apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in). | Cooking | Use October–December | |
| Dunning[9] | Geneva, New York, US | Raised 1923. Introduced 1938 | P Early McIntosh x Cox Orange. Flesh sweet. | Eating | Pick early August. PickE late August. Use August–September. | |
| Dutch Codlin (syn. Chalmers Large, Glory of the West)[64] | Possibly the Netherlands | 1783 | One of the best kitchen apples. Greenish yellow with red flush. Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in) and thick. Eye small and closed. Flesh white and sub-acid. | Cooking | PickE early September. Use September. | |
| Dutch Mignonne[83][26][27][29] | Holland or Germany | <1766 | Medium size round. Width 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in). Flesh, cream, crisp, juicy. Stem long. | Eating, cooking, baking, drying, juice | PickE early October. Use November–April. | |
| Dyer (syn. Pomme Royale)[21][7][22] | A yellow apple with brown flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, aromatic, subacid, aromatic, very good to best. | Eating | PickE early September. Use September–October. | |||
| Dymock Red[64] | Gloucestershire, England | A roundish or oblate red apple. Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 41 mm (1.6 in). Stalk very short. | Eating, cider | Pick late September |
E
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Egle | Lithuania | Eating | ||||
| Eady's Magnum[6] | England | c. 1908 | Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, juicy, acid. | Cooking | PickE mid-October; use December–March | |
| Early Chandler[7] | US | <1875 | Stalk short. Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. Too acid for eating. | Cooking | Use August | |
| Early Cortland[84] | Geneva, New York, US | Cross made 1938, selected 1949 | Diameter 75–90 mm (3.0–3.5 in). Skin color 60–95% red. P Cortland x Lodi. | Eating | ||
| Early Harvest (syn. July Pippin, Yellow Harvest, Tart Bough)[7][8][22][21] | US | <1806 | Width 58–85 mm (2.3–3.3 in), height 39–70 mm (1.5–2.8 in). Stalk 17–20 mm (0.67–0.79 in). Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. | Eating | Pick July; use July | |
| Early Joe[7][8][21][22] | New York US | <1843 | Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, vinous flavor, very good to best. Tree is a slow grower. | Eating | Use mid-August–mid-September | |
| Early Julien (syn. Early Julyan)[10] | Scotland | <1800 | An excellent culinary apple. The tree is not a large grower. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). | Cooking | PickE August, use August | |
| Early McIntosh[9] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1923 | P Yellow Transparent x McIntosh. Flavor excellent. | Eating | Pick early August | |
| Early Nonpareil[64] | Norfolk, England | c. 1780 | Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Flesh crisp, aromatic, subacid. | Eating | ||
| Early Pennock (syn. Shaker Yellow, Homony)[8] | US | <1800 | Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh yellow, avid. Quality poor. | Cooking | Use July–August | |
| Early Ripe[7][22] | Possibly Pennsylvania, US | <1867 | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Good. Tree productive. | Eating | ||
| Early Strawberry[7][8][22][21] | New York, US | <1838 | Width 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 49–52 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 25–33 mm (0.98–1.30 in). Flesh white, tender, subacid, aromatic, very good. | Eating | Use July–September | |
| Early Victoria (syn. Emneth Early)[6][13] | Essex, England | 1899 (introduced) | Pale yellow fruit. Possibly from Lord Grosvenor × Keswick Codlin. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh; greenish-white, crisp, firm, acid. Cooks well, breaks up completely when cooked. | Cooking, eating | PickE late July–early August. Use August–September. | |
| Easter Orange[44][11] | England | <1897 | Round conical, deep golden yellow with flush and stripes of dark brown red. Flesh firm, yellow, of good flavour. AM from RHS in 1897. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). | Eating | PickE early October. Use February–April | |
| Ecklinville[6] | Ecklinville, Ireland | c. 1820 | Large, round, greenish-yellow. Width 78–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 63–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in). Stalk short. An excellent early cooker. Flesh; white, soft, fine-textured, acid, juicy. | Cooking | PickE early September; use September–October | |
| Edelborsdorfer[68] | Germany | <1600 | A green apple with red flush and russet. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). | Eating, cooking | PickE mid-October; use December–March | |
| Edelrother[35] | <1856 | Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). | Eating | Use November–January | ||
| Edith Hopwood[24] | Essex, England | <1929 | Yellow with russet. Stalk very long. | Eating | PickE early September. Use October–November | |
| Edward VII[11]agm[85][25] | Worcestershire, England | 1908 (introduced) | A large oblate-round apple with yellow-green skin and pinkish-brown blush. Width 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 6 mm (0.24 in). AM from RHS in 1903. Suitable for more northerly, cold, wet climates. Flesh; pale yellow, firm, coarse-textured, juicy, acid. Extraordinary keeper; apple ripens in autumn and will keep until Easter. P Possibly Blenheim Orange × Golden Noble. Cooks well, breaks up completely. | Cooking | PickE mid-October; use December–April | |
| Edwards[7] | North Carolina, US | <1869 | A greenish yellow apple, lightly striped with red. Flesh juicy, firm. One of the best keepers. | Eating | PickE mid-October. | |
| Edwin Beckett[24][86] | England | <1915 | Green to yellow with red flush. Width 100 mm (3.9 in), height 114 mm (4.5 in). | Cooking | ||
| Egremont Russet agm[87][25][24] | Sussex, England | <1872 | Width 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in), height 48–57 mm (1.9–2.2 in). Stalk 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in). Brown russeting. Excellent keeper. Resistant to scab, very prone to bitter pit. Flesh; cream, firm, fine-textured, dry, nutty flavor. | Eating | PickE late September; use October–December | |
| Eifeler Rambur[26] | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 65–85 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Flesh crisp, dry, subacid. C 8. | Eating, cooking, baking | Use December–March | |||
| Ein Shemer[14] | Israel | 1963 | P Zabidani × Golden Delicious. Tastes tart, does not do well in cold weather. (Not the same as Anna (apple)) | Eating | Ripens in June | |
| Elektra[3] | Germany | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 95–100 g (3.4–3.5 oz). Stalk 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in). | Cooking, eating | PickE early October. PickG mid–late October; use November–February | ||
| Ellison's Orange[24][11] agm[88][25][67][13] | Lincolnshire, England | 1911 | Width 67–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 57–61 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 12–35 mm (0.47–1.38 in). P Cox's Orange Pippin × Cellini. FCC from RHS in 1917. Rich aniseed flavor. Flesh; creamy white, soft, juicy, subacid, aniseed flavour. | Eating | PickE mid-September; use September–October. | |
| Elstar agm[89] | Netherlands | 1950s | Golden Delicious × Ingrid Marie. Medium-sized, mostly red with yellow showing. Often used in desserts due to its intense honey flavor. | Cooking, eating | PickE early October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–December. | |
| Emneth Early[90][11] agm[91][25] | Cambridgeshire, England | <1899 | Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Suitable for northerly, cold, wet climates. P Hawthornden x Keswick Codlin. A biennial crop that needs thinning. AM from RHS in 1899. Good disease resistance. | Cooking | PickE late July–early August; use July–August | |
| Empire[92][3] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1966 | P McIntosh x Red Delicious.Flesh; white, juicy, subacid. Tangy taste. Ruby red color. | Eating | Pick45 September 25. Pick55 September 10. PickG mid-September. Use October–December. | |
| Empire Red[9] | British Columbia, Canada | Introduced 1942 | A red apple. P unknown. | Cooking, eating | ||
| Empress[14] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1988 | A dark red apple, fair. P Jonamac x Vista Bella. | Eating, cooking | ||
| Encore[6][25][11] | Berkshire, England | 1906 | Large cooking apple. Width 83–96 mm (3.3–3.8 in), height 73–90 mm (2.9–3.5 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). First Class Certificate from RHS in 1908. Flesh; creamy white, soft, coarse-textured, juicy, subacid. Excellent cooker. | Cooking | PickE early–mid-October; use December–April | |
| Engelsberger[4][3] | Germany | 1854 | A German cider apple. Sugar-acid ratio 10:1. Juice yield 70–75%. Flesh; white, juicy, acid. | Cider, juice | PickG late September. Use late September–early October | |
| English Codlin (syn. Common Codlin, Codlin, Quodlin)[11] | England | <1600 | Yellow with red flush and russet. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh, tender, white. acid, good. Stalk long. | Cooking | Use August–September | |
| English Russet[7][8] | <1870 | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, subacid. Good. | Eating | Use January–May | ||
| Enterprise[93] | Illinois, US | Selected 1978, introduced 1993 | A yellow apple with red overcolor (95%). Width 70–76 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk short. Flesh firm, crisp, spicy. Stores well up to six months. Makes very good candy apple. | Eating | Pick50 October 20–30. Pick55 October 8–20. | |
| Envy | New Zealand | 2009 | Sweet and crispy, takes 4–8 hours after cutting to start browning. Royal Gala × Braeburn. | Eating | ||
| Epicure[6] | Bedford, England | 1909 | Yellowish apple with reddish blush. Good clean taste. Award of Merit from RHS in 1931. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk long. Needs thinning for size. Prone to bitter pit, canker. | Eating | PickE mid–late August; use August–September. | |
| Erickson[9] | Minnesota, US | Introduced 1923 | A large green apple. | |||
| Eris[94] | Greece | Introduced 2016 | A red apple. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Weight 222 g (7.8 oz). Flesh: white-yellowish, juicy, crisp, aromatic. P Black Ben Davis x Red Chief. SS 14.1% TA 0.3%. C 8. DBH 143. | Eating | Pick September 7–13. Use September–April. | |
| Erwin Baur[3][26] | Germany | 1928, introduced 1955 | Width 68–80 mm (2.7–3.1 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in), weight 105–212 g (3.7–7.5 oz). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Vit C 7. Density 0.85 | Cooking, eating | PickE early October. PickG early–mid-October; use December–March | |
| Esopus Spitzenburg[7][22][21] | Esopus, New York, US | c. 1750 | Grown by Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. Named for creek near which first seedling found. Heirloom variety still available at farmstands in Northeast and portions of Virginia. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Difficult to grow for inexperienced planters. Width 73–77 mm (2.9–3.0 in), height 68–76 mm (2.7–3.0 in). Stalk 19–24 mm (0.75–0.94 in). | Cooking, eating | PickE early–mid-October. Use December–February | |
| Etter's Gold[9] | California, US | Introduced 1944 | Golden yellow. P unknown. Flesh crisp. | Pick October | ||
| Eva[14] | Brazil | A yellow apple red striped (70%). P Gala x Anna. Flesh sweet, subacid, good. Tree very productive. | Eating | |||
| Evagil[11] | England | Introduced 1863 | A golden yellow apple. Stalk very short. Flesh pale yellow, hard, dry. | Cooking, eating | PickE late August. Use September–October | |
| Evening Party[7] | US | <1860 | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh juicy, vinous, aromatic. | Eating | Use December–January | |
| EverCrisp[95] | Indiana, US | 2008 | Described as Fuji x Honeycrisp | Eating | Pick45 October 10. Pick55 October 3. | |
| Ewalt[8] | Pennsylvania, US | <1850 | A large apple, yellow with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh acid, aromatic. | Eating | Use February–April | |
| Exeter Cross[6][65] | Long Ashton, England | 1924, introduced 1952 | P Worcester Pearmain x Beauty of Bath. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk variable. Flesh crisp, juicy, sweet. | Eating | PickE early August; use August | |
| Exquisite (Laxton Exquisite)[6] | Bedford, England | 1902 | Award of Merit from RHS in 1926. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh sweet, aromatic. P Cox Orange x Cellini. | Eating | PickE late August; use September–October |
F
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fagerö[68][20] | Sweden | <1860 | Width 75–80 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). A red mutant of Grågylling. | Eating | Use October–December | |
| Fallawater (syn. Tulpehocken)[8][22] | Pennsylvania, US | <1842 | Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh greenish white, crisp, juicy, mild subacid, good. | Eating | Use November–December | |
| Fall Harvey[22] | US | <1838 | Flesh whitish, crisp, juicy, subacid, high flavor. | Eating | PickE mid-September. Use October–December | |
| Fall Jenneting (syn. Fall Jeneting)[22] | Connecticut, US | <1827 | Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid. The tree is a strong grower. | Cooking | Use September–December | |
| Fall Orange[22][7] | Massachusetts, US | <1848 | Pale yellow. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. A poor shipper. Biennial. Quality: eating excellent, cooking very good. | Eating, cooking | Use September–December | |
| Fall Pippin[7][46][8][21] | US | <1806 | Large yellow, roundish to roundish oblate. Width 99 mm (3.9 in), height 86 mm (3.4 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Flesh whitish - yellow, firm, fine, tender, very juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. AS s. TRI | Eating, cooking | PickE mid-September; use September–December | |
| Fall Swaar (syn. Autumn Swaar)[8] | US | <1800 | Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh yellow, juicy, mild subacid. | Cooking, eating | Use September | |
| Fall Wine (syn. Ohio Wine, Musk Spice, Sweet Wine)[7] | US | <1800 | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic, mild, subacid, sweet. | Eating | Use September–November | |
| Falstaff[96] | Kent, England | 1966 | A good pollinator. | Dessert | PickE early October. Use October–December. | |
| Fameuse[6][8][7][22][97][21] | Canada | <1730 | Small apple, very sweet, flavour similar to McIntosh. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, perfumed, very good. Width 60–72 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 53–56 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 11–17 mm (0.43–0.67 in). Of no value in Britain. | Eating | Pick45 September 26. PickE late September–early October. Use October–November. | |
| Family[7] | Georgia, US | <1860 | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh White, juicy, mild, pleasant, subacid. | Eating | Use August–September | |
| Fanny[46][21][22] | Pennsylvania, US | <1869 | A bright red fruit of good dessert quality. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Roundish slightly oblate. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, fine, tender, juicy, mild subacid, good to very good. | Eating | Use September–November | |
| Faurot[9] | Missouri, US | Introduced 1935 | P Ben Davis x Jonathan. The tree is disease resistant. | |||
| Fearns Pippin[10] | London, England | <1780 | An excellent apple for eating and cooking. The tree is very hardy and a great bearer. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 53 mm (2.1 in). Stalk medium. | Cooking, eating | PickE late September–early October; use November–February | |
| Federal Pearmain (syn. Staaten Parmäne)[64] | England | <1831 | Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Yellow red streaked. Flesh vinous. | Eating | ||
| Feltham Beauty[11] | Buckinghamshire, England | <1908 | Yellowish-green with red stripes and flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). P Cox Orange x Gladstone. Flesh, crisp, sweet, very good. | Eating | PickE early August. Use August–September | |
| Fenouillet Gris[10][27] | France | 1608 | A dessert apple of great excellence. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Short stalk. | Eating | PickE mid-October; use November–February | |
| Fiesta agm[98][25] | Kent, England | 1972 | Sometimes called Red Pippin. Claims both UK and US heritage: P Cox's Orange x Idared. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 22–30 mm (0.87–1.18 in). Has flavour similar to the former but storage, colouring, and cold tolerance of the latter. Can be susceptible to scab and canker. | Eating | PickE mid–late September; use October–January | |
| Filippa[20] | Denmark | 1893 | A yellow apple with some red overcolour. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). | Cooking, eating | PickE mid-September; use September–December | |
| Fillbasket[10] | England | <1875 | Name of two different apple cultivars. One from Lancashire and the other from Kent. | Cooking | ||
| Fink (syn. Fink's Seedling)[8] | Ohio, US | <1847 | A small apple. Flesh whitish, juicy, subacid good to very good. Good keeping qualities (one year). | Eating | ||
| Finkenwerder Prinz(syn. Finkenwerder Herbstprinz)[26][3] | Elbinsel, Finkenwerder, Germany | 1860 | A yellow apple. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Flesh; yellow to white, crisp, acid. | Eating, cooking | PickE late October. PickG mid-October. Pickg October 1–20. Use December–March. | |
| Fireside[9] | Excelsior, Minnesota, United States | Selected 1917. Introduced 1943 | Very fragrant. Yellow with red striping. Sweet apple, very popular in upper Midwest. Flesh yellowish, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick45 October 1. PickE early October. Use November–April | |
| Fiskhill[22] | New York, US | <1869 | Width 70–93 mm (2.8–3.7 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh white, firm, coarse, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good. | Eating, cooking | Use November–February | |
| Flake's Fall[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1869 | Yellow with red flush. Width 95 mm (3.7 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | Use October–November | |
| Flame 1.[92] | Boreham, Essex, England | 1925 | Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Yellow, striped scarlet. Flesh, sweet, aromatic, subacid. | Eating | PickE late August. Use August–September. | |
| Flame 2.[9] | Minnesota, US | Introduced 1943 | Crab apple. P unknown. | Ornamental | ||
| Flamenco (syn. Obelisk) | United Kingdom | 1950–1999 | A columnar ornamental tree with delicious fruit | Eating | ||
| Flandrischer Rambour[35] | <1800 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 93 mm (3.7 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). | Use November–January | |||
| Flickäpple[20] | Sweden | <1850 | A large cooking apple. Yellow with red stripes. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). | Cooking | ||
| Florina | Angers, France | Introduced 1977 | (Querina), scab resistant | Eating | PickE early October. Pickg October 1–20. Use October–December. | |
| Flower of Kent (syn. Isaac Newton)[10] | Kent or Lincolnshire England | <1629 | A first-rate kitchen apple from October to January. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh crisp, subacid. This is the variety that inspired Sir Isaac Newton to consider gravity. | Cooking | PickE mid-October. Use November–January. | |
| Flushing Spitzenberg[8] | US | <1822 | Flesh white, yellow, juicy, crisp, mild, sweet, good. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Folwell[9] | Minnesota, US | Selected 1913. Introduced 1922 | A large apple. P Malinda x unknown. | |||
| Foote(syn. Foote's Nonpareil)[7] | Mass. US | <1875 | Flesh firm, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Tree vigorous, annual bearer. | Eating | Use November | |
| Forge[6] | Sussex, England | <1851 | A yellow apple with red Flush. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic. | Eating | PickE late September; use October–November | |
| Fortune agm[99] (Laxton's Fortune)[25][13] | England | 1904, introduced 1931 | Cox's Orange Pippin × Wealthy. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1948. Width 68–75 mm (2.7–3.0 in), height 58–60 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Prone to canker, good resistance to scab. Tendency to be biennial. | Eating | PickE early September; use September–October | |
| Foundling(syn. Shirley, Groton)[8] | Massachusetts, US | <1820 | A medium to large apple. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. | Eating | Use September | |
| Fourth of July (syn. Sibirian August, August Apple)[7] | Germany | <1875 | Flesh white, juicy, subacid, good. Stalk short. The tree is a strong grower. | Cooking, eating | ||
| Fox Kernel (syn. Sack)[64] | Herefordshire, England | Yellow with red stripes. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). | Cider | |||
| Foxley[64] | England | c. 1800 | Very small. Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in). Raised by Thomas Andrew Knight. | Cider | ||
| Foxwhelp[64] | Herefordshire, England | <1650 | Striped red and yellow. Flesh yellow with a rough acid flavour. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). | Cider | ||
| Fraas Sommer-Calvill[35] | Germany | c. 1850 | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). | Eating | Use September–October | |
| Franklin[9] | Ohio, US | Introduced 1937 | P McIntosh x Delicious. | Eating | ||
| Fred Hough[14] | Brazil | Introduced 1994 | Small to medium, red striped. Very low acid content. P NJ 76 x Coop 14. | Eating | ||
| Freedom[4][100] | Geneva, New York, US | Cross made 1958, first fruited 1965, introduced 1983 | Yellow with red stripes (80%). Flesh: firm, juicy, crisp, subacid. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). DBH 143. | Eating, cooking, juice, cider | PickE late September. Use October–December. | |
| French Pippin[7] | <1850 | Flesh yellowish, tender, subacid, good. Tree vigorous. | Eating | Use October–January | ||
| Freyberg[6] | New Zealand | 1934 | P Golden Delicius x Cox Orange. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk long. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | Pick early October; use October–December | |
| Freiherr von Berlepsch[3] | Germany | 1880 | Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). One of the best eating apples. High in Vitamin C. Picking September. | Eating, juice | PickE early October. PickG early–mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–December | |
| Freiherr von Trauttenberg[35] | Germany | <1850 | Width 69–71 mm (2.7–2.8 in), height 65–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). | Cooking, eating | Use November–February | |
| Friedrich von Baden see Grossherzog Friedrich von Baden. | ||||||
| Frogmore Prolific[6] | Windsor, England | c. 1865 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk long. Flesh white, soft, juicy, acid. | Cooking | PickE late August–early September; use September–November | |
| Frostproof[9] | Virginia, US | Discovered 1930. Introduced 1947. | P unknown. Quality fair. Tree blooms 30 days later than most apples usually do. | Eating | ||
| Frösåker[19] | Sweden | <1900 | A yellow apple. Width 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 45–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). | Eating | Pick October; use November–January | |
| Fuji[101][14][55] | Aomori, Japan | 1930s, Introduced 1962 | P Red Delicious × Ralls Genet. Dark red, conic apple. Sweet, crisp, dense flesh is very mildly flavoured. Keeps very well. One of the most widely grown apple varieties in the world. SS 14.3 - 14.6 TA 0.41 - 0.51. | Eating | Pick 45 October 25. Pick55 October 5. PickE late October. Use December–January. | |
| Fuji Frey[14] | Brazil | Introduced 1995 | Bud mutation of Fuji. | Eating | ||
| Fyan[9] | Missouri, US | Introduced 1935 | P Ben Davis x Jonathan. Ripens 2 weeks after Jonathan. Tree very vigorous, regular bearer, resistant to disease. | Eating |
G
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gala,[6][25][55][3] | New Zealand | introduced 1960 | A small to medium-sized conic apple. Width 61–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Weight 140 g (4.9 oz). Stalk 25–40 mm (0.98–1.57 in). The thin, tannic skin is yellow-green with a red blush overlaid with reddish-orange streaks. Flesh is yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, and grainy with a mild flavour. Cross of three of the world's best known apples: Kidd's Orange Red (a cross of Red Delicious and Cox's Orange Pippin) × Golden Delicious. One of the most widely available commercial fruit. SS 13.2–14.1 TA 0.36–0.54. | Eating | Pick45 August 30. Pick55 August 25. PickE early October. PickG late September–early October. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–January | |
| Galarina[102] | Angers, France | Cross made 1978 | A round-conic greenish-yellow apple with orange-red overcolor (65–100%) P Gala x Florina. Flesh: yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, firm, aromatic, tart. | Eating | Pick 2 days after Gala | |
| Galbraith Baldwin[9] | Massachusetts, US | Introduced 1948 | Mutation of Baldwin. Highly colored. | Eating | ||
| Galícia[14] | Brazil | 1987 | P Gala x Anna. Flesh crisp, juicy. Tree very productive. | Eating | ||
| Galloway[6] | Scotland | <1871 | Large eating and cooking apple. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1871. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short. TRI | Eating, cooking | PickE late September; use November–February | |
| Ganges[64] | England | A green kitchen apple. | Cooking | Use October–February | ||
| Garden Royal[7] | Sudbury, Massachusetts, US | <1847 | A medium-sized roundish-oblate, sometimes slightly conical apple. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Greenish-yellow skin is striped and splashed with bright red, dull or grayish toward the stem; dots few, light and gray; cavity deep, basin shallow, slightly uneven. Flesh yellow, very tender, juicy, rich, mildly subacid and aromatic. Poor keeper. Upright habit, productive bearer, some biennial tendency. | Eating | PickE late August. Use late August–September | |
| Garden Sweet[7] | New England, US | <1875 | Stalk short and small. Flesh, yellowish white, tender, juicy, sweet. Tree hardy and productive. | Cooking | Use September–October | |
| Garretson's Early (syn. Somerset Harvest)[8] | New Jersey, US | <1840 | Medium size. Stalk short. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. | Cooking, eating | Use July–August | |
| Gascoyne's Scarlet[6][3][25][13] | Kent, England | 1871 | Large red fruit. Width 77–82 mm (3.0–3.2 in), height 63–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), weight 145 g (5.1 oz). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). FCC from RHS in 1887. VitC 8–12. Density 0.79 | Eating, cooking | PickE mid–late September. PickG late September; use October–January. | |
| Geheimrat Breuhahn (see Breuhahn) | ||||||
| Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg[4][16] | Geisenheim, Germany | Cross made 1897, first fruited 1904. | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Flesh: yellowish white, fine, subacid. Created at the Höheren Lehranstalt für Obstbau of Geisenheim in the Rheingau. P Minister von Hammerstein × Baumanns Renette. | Eating | PickE early September. Use September–November. | |
| Gehrers Rambour[4] | Germany | 1885 | A German cider apple. Sugar-acid-ratio 8:1. Juice yield 75–80%. | Cider | Pick late October | |
| Gelber Richard[19][26] | Mecklenburg, Germany | <1830 | A yellow apple. Width 66–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 66–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). C 23. Flesh: whitish, sweet. | Eating | Pick October; use November–March | |
| Gendreville[27] | A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). | Cooking | Use January–May. | |||
| Geneva Early[103] | Geneva, New York, US | Cross made 1964, selected 1973 | A round-oblate apple. Diameter 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Skin color 60–100% red. Flesh: subacid, aromatic. P Quinte x Julyred. | Eating | ||
| Georg Carpenter[6] | Surrey, England | 1902 | P Blenheim Orange x King of the Pippins. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk long. Flkesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | PickE mid-September; use October–December | |
| George Cave[6][25] | Essex, England | 1923 | Pale green-yellow fruit with red flush. Early harvest. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). | Eating | PickE early–mid-August; use August | |
| George Neal[104][25] | Kent, England | 1904 | Pale green to yellow colour, will keep nicely until late autumn. Award of Merit from RHS in 1923. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Good regular crops. | Cooking | Pick late August–early September; use August–September. | |
| Gestreifter Herbst-Calvill[35] | <1670 | Gelb with red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in), stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). | Cooking, eating | Use November–January | ||
| Gestreifter Winter-Calvill[105] | Germany | <1840 | Yellow with red stripes. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). | Eating, cooking | Pick October; use November–February | |
| Gewürzluiken[12][26][3] | Württemberg, Germany | <1850 | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh: white, crisp, juicy, acid. | Cooking, juice, baking, eating | PickE mid-October. PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use December–March. | |
| Gideon[21][22] | Minnesota, US | c. 1880 | Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, soft, coarse, crisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | Use October | |
| Gilpin (syn. Carthouse, Little Red Romanite.[8][7] | Virginia, US | <1850 | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh greenish-yellow, sweet, juicy. | Cider, eating | Pick October; use December–May. | |
| Ginger Gold | Virginia, US | 1960s | A yellow apple with red flush. Tangy flavour, crunchy texture. | Cooking, eating | Pick45 September 3. Pick55 August 20. Use September–October. | |
| Gipsy King[64] | England | <1872 | A handsome dessert apple. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use October–December | |
| Gladstone[25][22] | England | 1780, introduced 1868 | Width 63–79 mm (2.5–3.1 in), height 54–62 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 9–17 mm (0.35–0.67 in). A red apple. | Eating | PickE late July–early August; use July–August | |
| Glanz Reinette[35] | Possibly Germany | <1850 | A green apple with red stripes. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 50–53 mm (2.0–2.1 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). | Eating | Pick October | |
| Glockenapfel (syn. Weisser Glockenapfel)[4][26][3] | Switzerland | 17th century | A medium-sized green-yellow elongate bell-shaped apple, sometimes takes on a reddish blush. Width 55–75 mm (2.2–3.0 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). VitC 9. Flesh; tart, crisp and juicy. Stores well, taste improves with age. Excellent culinary variety; renowned for its use in Strudel. | Cooking, eating | PickE mid-October. PickG late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use December–April. | |
| Gloria Mundi (syn. Pound)[10][21][22] | US | <1804 | An excellent green culinary apple. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good. | Cooking | Pick mid-October; use October–December | |
| Glorie van Holland[44] | Netherlands | c. 1890 | Flesh slightly acidic, slightly sweet. | Eating | PickE early October. Use October–December. | |
| Glory of the West (syn. Englischer Prahlrambour)[10] | England | <1800 | A culinary apple of first quality. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). | Cooking | Pick October; use October–December | |
| Gloster (syn. Gloster 69)[6][3][106] | Jork, Germany | 1951 Introduced 1969 | Conical shape. Somewhat tart, ruby red color like parent Red Delicious. P Glockenapfel x Richared Delicious. Good choice for backyard gardening. Width 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in), height 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in). Weight 150–300 g (5.3–10.6 oz). Stalk 11–23 mm (0.43–0.91 in). | Eating | PickE late October. PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 10–30. Use November–March | |
| Godfrey[9] | Manitoba, Canada | Introduced 1931 | P Patten Greening x unknown. A dark red apple. Flesh white, crisp, sweet. Tree vigorous. | Use October–February | ||
| Gogar Pippin (syn. Stone Pippin)[10] | Scotland | <1850 | A dessert apple of second rate quality. | Eating | Use January–March | |
| Gold Chief (syn. Gold Pink)[107] | Bologna, Italy | Selected 1989. Introduced 1998. | A yellow apple with pink blush (10–20%). Flesh; firm, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick 7–10 days after Golden Delicious. | |
| Golden Ball[7] | Connecticut, US | <1880 | A large apple. Flesh crisp, tender, subacid. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Golden Delicious[108][3][21][78][16] | Clay County, West Virginia, US | 1891. Introduced 1914. | One of the most popular varieties in the world. Due to its regular size, even colour and storage qualities the fruit is widely sold commercially. Uniform light green-yellow coloration. Flesh firm, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, very good to best. A good pollinator. Width 63–72 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 58–62 mm (2.3–2.4 in), weight 145 g (5.1 oz). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). DBH 137–151. VitC 6–9. Density 0.79 | Eating, cooking | Pick45 October 7. Pick55 September 15. PickE lateOctober. PickG early–late October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use October–May. | |
| Golden Harvey (syn. Brandy Apple)[10][11] | England | <1821 | A yellow apple with russet. Width 49 mm (1.9 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). One of the richest and most excellent dessert apples, it is also one of the best for cider. | Eating, cider | PickE mid-October. Use December–May | |
| Golden Knob (syn. Old Lady, Old Maid)[10][11] | England | <1850 | Orange-brown with russet. A good late keeping dessert apple. Flesh firm, subacid, good. Leaf large, very dark. Width 42 mm (1.7 in), height 35 mm (1.4 in). The tree is a strong grower. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use December–March | |
| Golden Monday[10] | England | <1850 | A kitchen apple. Flesh sugary, briskly flavoured. | Cooking | Use October–December | |
| Golden Noble agm[109][3][25] | England | 1820 | Tree is short and stocky. Produces mint green fruit with blush of pink. Width 60–90 mm (2.4–3.5 in), height 50–80 mm (2.0–3.1 in), weight 150–250 g (5.3–8.8 oz). Stalk 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in). Good disease resistance. VitC 25. | Cooking, pie, eating | PickE early October. PickG mid-September; use October–January | |
| Golden Nonpareil[10] | England | <1850 | A first rate dessert apple. Flesh juicy, sugary with a rich flavour. | Eating | Use December–February | |
| Golden Orange | Italy | 1979, released 1996 | PRI 1956-6 × Ed Gould Golden. Resistant to scab. Moderate vigour, spreading habit and medium-late blooming season; fruit is moderately large (207 g (7.3 oz)) and symmetric, skin is smooth, no russeting. Ripens some days after Golden Delicious; fruit is very attractive; large, good storage ability. | Eating | ||
| Golden Reinette see Orleans Reinette | ||||||
| Golden Russet[21][22] | New York | 1845 (documented) | A medium-sized heavily russeted light green apple, occasionally with a reddish blush. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Crisp, fine-grained flesh is rich, sugary and very sweet. Excellent dessert apple, keeps very well. Makes extraordinary cider, known as the "Champagne of cider apples." | Cider, cooking, eating | PickE early–mid-October. Use December–April | |
| Golden Spire[11] | Lancashire, England | 1850 | A golden yellow apple. An old Northern English variety. Flesh pale yellow, juicy, soft. P Keswick Codlin x Manks Codlin. W 64, H 82 Unusually tall and oblong with a tart flavour. | Cooking, cider, eating | PickE early September. Use September–October. | |
| Golden Supreme | Idaho, US | 1960 | Eating | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 8. | ||
| Golden Sweet[46][8][7][22][21] | Connecticut, US | <1832 | Width 76–79 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 59–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 23–30 mm (0.91–1.18 in). A yellow apple. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, very sweet, aromatic, good to very good. BB. | Eating | Use August–September | |
| Gold Pink (see Gold Chief) | ||||||
| Goldrush[110] | Indiana, US | 1980, introduced 1993 | The fruit has a complex spicy flavor with high acidity and sweetness. Acidity moderates in cold storage, with exceptional quality after 2 to 3 months. | Eating | Pick55 October 19. | |
| Goldspur | US | 1960 | A sport of 'Golden Delicious'. | Eating | ||
| Goodwood Pippin[111] | Goodwood, Sussex, England | <1896 | Yellow striped with red. Round to conical. The stalk is set in a narrow, rather deep russety cavity. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 82 mm (3.2 in). AM from RHS in 1896. | Cooking | ||
| Goosebery Pippin (Ronalds')[10] | Cheshire, England | <1875 | A very excellent dessert apple; ripe in November. Small fruit, small tree. | Eating | ||
| Gordon[18] | Whittier, California, United States | Introduced 1977 | A low chill hour cultivar developed by Robert B. Gordon in Whittier, CA from unknown parentage. Blooms over long period in Southern California – from April to early June. Bears mature fruit from August to October. Fruit is green with red striped overcolor. Ripe at approximately 50% red coverage. Flesh: white, crisp, juicy. Fruit is dual purpose, for eating and baking with sweet-tart flavor. | Eating, cooking | ||
| Gradirose | Languedoc-Roussillon, France | 2004 | Created by Pépinières Grard. Early dessert apple with pink blush. Stores well. Very productive. | Eating | Ripens in September | |
| Gragg (syn. Red Gragg or Winter Queen) | North Carolina, US | 1860 | Originated on the farm of James Gragg in Caldwell County, North Carolina about 1860. Valued by North Carolina growers for its fine cooking qualities, crispness and long storage ability. The conical shaped fruit is red in colour with moderately conspicuous dots. Keeps well. | Cooking, eating | Ripens in October | |
| Grågylling[19][20] | Europe | <1800 | Width 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in), height 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Eating, cooking | Pick early October; use November–January | |
| Grahams Royal Jubilee (see Royal Jubilee) | ||||||
| Granges Pearmain[44] | Middlesex, England | <1829 | Rather large, round, a little flattened. Colour yellow with dull red flush and broken stripes. Flesh pale yellow, very crisp and juicy and excellent flavour. | Cooking, eating | Use December–May | |
| Granny Smith[101][112] | Australia | 1868 | This is the apple once used to represent Apple Records. Width 64–74 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 61–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk 17–25 mm (0.67–0.98 in). A favourite variety, widely sold in the UK. Also noted as common pie apple. Lime green colouring. Extremely tart. SS 11.5, TA 1.03. | Cooking, eating | Pick 45 October 15. Pick55 October 23. PickKt mid-October; use January–April | |
| Grantonian[11] | Nottingham, England | <1883 | Yellowish-green with brown flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh firm, subacid. FCC from RHS in 1883. | Cooking | Use until March | |
| Graue Herbst Reinette[35] | <1800 | Width 84–95 mm (3.3–3.7 in), height 64–72 mm (2.5–2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). | Cooking, eating | PickE early October. Use November–December | ||
| Graue Portugiesische Reinette[35] | Portugal | <1798 | Width 65–69 mm (2.6–2.7 in), height 46–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). | Cooking, eating | Use December–April | |
| Grauer Kurzstiel[35] | France | <1794 | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). | Cooking, eating | Use December–April | |
| Gravenstein fr. Gravenstein, Graefenstein.[8][25][3][22][21][27][13][28] | Gråsten, Jutland, Denmark | <1800 | An early yellow-green apple, often with red stripes. Width 73–91 mm (2.9–3.6 in), height 61–89 mm (2.4–3.5 in). Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in). Tree large, vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, fine, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Exceptional cooking apple, especially for applesauce and pies. Poor keeper; becomes soft quickly. German immigrants introduced this variety to California's San Joaquin Valley in the mid-19th century. Has many sports. VitC 8. Density 0.82 TRI | Cooking, eating, pie | Pick45 August 23. PickE early September. PickG late August–mid-September. Pickg September 1–7. Use September–December. | |
| ge. Gravensteiner Roter[53][31][113] da. Graastener rød, Gravensten rød, sv. Gravensteiner röd. | Lübeck, Germany | 1858 | A red sport (mutant) of Gravenstein. Widely spread in Germany, Denmark and Sweden. | |||
| Green Cheese[7] | North Carolina or Georgia, US | 18th century | A very old southern apple thought to have originated in North Carolina or Georgia but its true origin is uncertain. The fruit is oblate to oblique in shape. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). The skin is deep green in colour, turning pale yellow when fully ripe. The yellowish flesh is sweet, crisp, tender and juicy. | Eating | ||
| Greendale[9] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1938 | P McIntosh x Lodi. A green apple. | Eating, cooking | ||
| Green Newtown (see Newtown Pippin) | ||||||
| Green Seek No Further[7] | L.I. US | <1855 | Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Stalk short. Tree slow in growth. | Eating | Use October–January | |
| Greensleeves agm[114][25] | Kent, England | 1966 | Golden Delicious × James Grieve; good garden apple, with a pleasant but unexceptional flavour. Width 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in), height 57–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 20–22 mm (0.79–0.87 in). Likely named for famous Renaissance-era song. Can be susceptible to scab. | Eating | PickE late September; use September–November | |
| Greenup's Pippin (syn. Yorkshire Beauty, Greenup's Apfel)[35][10] | Yorkshire, England | <1800 | A first rate early culinary apple. Flesh tender, juicy, and with an agreeable acidity. Width 60–77 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 46–74 mm (1.8–2.9 in). | Eating, cooking | PickE mid-September. Use October–December | |
| Grenadier agm[115][25] | England | 1862 (documented) | Possibly one of the strangest of all British apples: it is ribbed and lumpy with a tough coat, looking as though it has taken a beating. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in). Grenadier cooks down to cream-coloured puree with a superb apple flavour. Makes an excellent apple jam. Poor keeper. Reliably heavy annual bearer. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1883. Good disease resistance. | Cooking | PickE mid-August; use August–October | |
| Grimes Golden (syn. Grimes Golden Pippin)[7][8][6][58][22] | Brooke County, West Virginia, US | 1804 | A medium-sized roundish to slightly oblong apple. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Greenish-yellow skin, ripening to a clear yellow, stem cavity sometimes russeted, covered with yellow or russet dots. The yellowish-white flesh is crisp and tender, with a rich, spicy, sugary-sweet flavour. A good all-purpose dessert and cooking apple, Grimes also makes a strong single-variety cider. Excellent keeper. Grimes Golden is the parent of the ubiquitous Golden Delicious. Relatively rare among apples, Grimes Golden is self-fertile. Original tree discovered near a known orchard of John Chapman (Johnny Appleseed). DBH 147. | Cider, cooking, eating | Pick55 September 5. PickE mid-October. Use December–March | |
| Gronsvelder Klumpke[13] | Netherlands | A green apple with red overcolor (80–90%) and russet. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). | Use November–April. | |||
| Grosh[7][21][22] | Pennsylvania, US | <1855 | Flesh white, loose, soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good to very good. Tree vigorous, an annual bearer. | Cooking | Use September–January | |
| Gros Locard[27] | France | <1849 | A yellow or green apple with russet. Width 105 mm (4.1 in), height 80 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). | Cooking, juice | PickE late October. Use December–March. | |
| Groẞherzog Friedrich von Baden[13] | Germany | 1894 | A green apple. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). | Eating | Use October | |
| Grove[9] | Missouri, US | Introduced 1935 | P Ingram x Delicious. Tree blooms late, resistant to scab. | |||
| Grüner Stettiner(syn. Grüner Winterstettiner)[12] | Germany or Poland | <1800 | A green apple. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 11–15 mm (0.43–0.59 in). Flesh whitish-yellow, juicy, subacid. Quality good. | Cooking, drying, juice | Pick October. Use January–April | |
| Guelph[6] | Berkshire, England | <1912 | Medium to large sized apple for use in October to December. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1913. | Eating | PickE early September. Use September–November. | |
| Gunilla Bohuslän[68] | Sweden | <1900 | Width 98 mm (3.9 in), height 98 mm (3.9 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). | Eating, cooking | Use October–March |
H
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haas (syn. Fall Queen)[21][22] | Missouri, US | <1875 | Fruit oblate-conic, ribbed, yellow with red flush. Tree large, vigorous. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh white, juicy, aromatic, subacid, poor. | Use October–November | ||
| Hagloe[8] | New Jersey, US | <1817 | Stalk short. Tree healthy, vigorous, productive. Flesh whitish, juicy, acid. | Cooking | Use August | |
| Halberstädter Jungfernapfel[35][12][26] | Halberstädter, Germany | <1885 | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 74–80 mm (2.9–3.1 in). Stalk 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in). Flesh juicy, sweet, very good. | Cooking, caking, eating | PickE mid-September. Use November–February | |
| Hambledon Deux Ans[6][25] | Hampshire, England | c. 1750 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Flesh white-yellow, dry, sweet, subacid, aromatic. Prone to bitter pit. TRI | Eating | PickE late September–early October; use November–April | |
| Hammerstein (syn. Minister von Hammerstein)[3] | Germany | 1895 | Width 60–85 mm (2.4–3.3 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in), weight 100–180 g (3.5–6.3 oz). Stalk . VitC 5. | Cooking, eating | PickE early October. PickG late October–early November; use January–April | |
| Hampus[68][20][19] | Holland or Sweden | <1820 | Width 66–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 47–50 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 19–26 mm (0.75–1.02 in). Flesh juicy, sweet. | Eating | Pick late August–early September | |
| Hanaskogsäpple[20] | Sweden | 1873 | A yellow apple. Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). | Eating | Pick September; use September | |
| Haralson[9] | Minnesota, US | Introduced 1923 | P Malinda x unknown. Red colour and large, moderately conspicuous dots. Crisp and juicy with a tart flavour. Excellent choice for pies. | Cooking, eating, cider | Pick45 September 3. Pick55 August 27. | |
| Harberts Renette (syn. Harbert)[19][3][26][13] | Germany | <1820 | Yellow with red flush. Width 87 mm (3.4 in), height 67–78 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, subacid. VitC 21. TRI | Eating, cooking, baking, drying, juice. | PickE early October. PickG early October; use December–January | |
| Harrison (syn. Harrison Cider)[7] | New Jersey, US | 1770 | Yellow skin, sometimes red-blush, black spots, small size, sweet, rich and dry. | Cider | ||
| Harvey[25][6] | England | 1629 | A green apple. Width 76–93 mm (3.0–3.7 in), height 68–81 mm (2.7–3.2 in). Stalk 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in). Flesh white-yellow, dry, sweet. | Cooking | PickE mid-September; use September–January | |
| Hatsuaki[14] | Japan | Introduced 1976 | P Jonathan x Golden Delicious. Flesh juicy, sweet, good. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use November–December. | |
| Hauxapfel[4][3] | Germany | 1925 | A German cider apple. Sugar-acid-ratio 9:1. Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid. | Cider | PickG late October. Use November–March | |
| Havelgold[116] | Germany | P: Undine x Auralia. Flesh sharp and aromatic. | Cooking | Pick October; use December–February | ||
| Hawaii | 1945 (introduced) | Noted for pineapple-like taste. | Eating | |||
| Hawley[7][8][21][22] | New York, US | <1855 | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Tree vigorous, bears annually. Susceptible to scab. | Eating | Pick September; use September | |
| Hawthornden[20] | Scotland | c. 1780 | Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). VitC 16. | Cooking | PickE mid-September. Use October–November | |
| Hector Macdonald[11] | Berkshire, England | Introduced 1906 | Pale yellowish-green. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh very crisp, juicy, acid. AM from RHS in 1904. | Cooking | PickE mid–late September. Use October–February | |
| Helios[3][16] | Müncheberg/Mark, Germany | Introduced 1969. | A yellow apple striped with red. P Oldenburg x unknown. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). Flesh;aromatic, subacid. | Cooking, eating | PickG early August; use August | |
| Herefordshire Beefing[6] | Herefordshire, England | <1800 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk short. Flesh greenish white, subacid. | PickE early October; use November–January | ||
| Herefordshire Pearmain (syn. Royal Pearmain, Old Pearmain)[8][10][7] | Possibly England | <1800 | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh vinous, crisp, juicy spicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. | Eating, cooking | Use December–February | |
| Herefordshire Russet |
|
Kent, England | 2002 | Cox's Orange Pippin x Idared. Rich, aromatic flavour. Crops well. | Eating | Pick early October; stores until January |
| Herma[3] | Germany | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in), weight 250 g (8.8 oz). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). | Cooking, eating | PickE late October. PickG mid–late October; use December–March | ||
| Herrings Pippin (syn. Herring's Seedling)[117][44][25][11][24] | Lincolnshire, England | 1908 | Large round conical, rather ribbed, greenish yellow with red flush and stripes. Flesh pale yellow with spicy aromatic flavour. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 68–76 mm (2.7–3.0 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). P Cox Orange x Cellini. | Eating, cooking | PickE early September; use September–November | |
| Herrnhut (syn. Schöner von Herrnhut)[16][3] | Saxonia, Germany | 1880 | A greenish yellow apple with red flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 95 g (3.4 oz). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. Density 0.65 | Cooking, eating | PickE mid-September. PickG mid-September; use October–December | |
| Herzogin Olga[35] | Germany | <1860 | Width 72–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 61–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Stalk 27 mm (1.1 in). | Cooking, eating | Pick late August; use September | |
| Heta[32] | Finland | Introduced 1996 | A red apple roundish to conical. P Lobo x Huvitus. | Eating | Pick late September | |
| Heusgen's Golden Reinette (syn. Peter Heusgen's Gold-Reinette)[6] | Germany | 1877 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk medium. Flesh yellow, crisp, subacid. | Eating, cooking | PickE early October; use December–March | |
| Heyer 12[9] | Saskatchewan, Canada | Introduced c. 1940 | A greenish yellow apple. Very cold-tolerant. Flesh juicy, acid. | Eating | Use mid-August–October | |
| Hibernal[21][22] | Russia | <1870 | Fruit large, oblate-conic, yellow with red flush. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse, juicy, subacid, fair to good. TRI | PickE early September. Use September–January | ||
| Hiester (syn. Heaster, Heister)[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1875 | Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid, good. Tree vigorous, productive. | Eating | Use November–March | |
| Higby Sweet (syn. Lady Blush)[7] | US | <1875 | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh white, tender, juicy, sweet, very good to best. Tree early and good bearer. | Eating | Use November–January | |
| High Canons[11] | England | Introduced 1887 | Yellow with red flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). FCC from RHS in 1884. Flesh extremely crisp, acid, cooking well. | Cooking | Use until April | |
| Hightop Sweet[118][119] | Plymouth, Massachusetts, US | >1640 | Frog green-yellow skin with an occasional pink blush. Ribbed. May have some tiny white spots on the skin. | Eating, cooking | ||
| High View Pippin[24] | Weybridge, Surrey, England | 1911 | Small to medium-sized apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1928. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use November–March | |
| Hildesheimer Goldrenette[12][26] | Lower Saxony, Germany | <1889 | A green apple with red flush. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh whitish-yellow, juicy, subacid. Quality is good for eating. | Eating, drying | Pick October; use December–March | |
| Himmelstalund[20] | Sweden | <1870 | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Flesh juicy, aromatic. | Eating | Use October–November | |
| Histon Favourite (syn. Chiver's Seedling)[6][24] | Cambridgeshire, England | <1883 | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk variable. Flesh soft, juicy, sweet. | Eating, cooking | PickE late September; use October–December | |
| Hoadley[22] | US | <1894 | W 91, H 65. Stalk 22 mm. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good. | Cooking | Use September- November | |
| Hoary Morning[6] | Possibly Somerset, England | <1819 | Yellow with red stripes. Flesh, white, dry. | Cider, cooking, eating | PickE mid-September; use October–December | |
| Hog Island Sweet[7][22] | New York, US | <1857 | Flesh yellow, juicy, crisp, tender, aromatic, very sweet, good to very good. Stalk short. | Eating | Use September–October | |
| Holiday[120] | Ohio, US | Introduced 1964 | P Macoun x Jonathan. Flesh; crisp, juicy, sweet, vinous. | Eating, cooking, baking | Pick October 10 (in Ohio). PickE mid-October. Use November–December. | |
| Holland Pippin (syn. Summer Pippin, Pie Apple)[8][7][21][22] | Ontario, Canada or US | <1820 | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Seeds sometimes imperfect. Flavor not agreeable for eating. Flesh white, crisp, tender, very juicy, subacid, good to very good. One of the very best kitchen apples. | Cooking, pie | PickE mid-October. Use October–November | |
| Holland Winter[21][22] | A green apple. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Use December–May | |||
| Holstein[25][121][3] | Germany | 1918, introduced 1950 | An apple with a Cox-like flavour. Width 67–73 mm (2.6–2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 9–15 mm (0.35–0.59 in). Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid. | Eating | PickE late September. PickG mid–late October: Pickg September 23–October 7. Use November–January | |
| Honeycrisp[122] | Minnesota, US | 1960, introduced 1991 | Has excellent eating and keeping qualities. Mottled red and yellow colour. Very crisp white flesh is slightly tart with a strong honey-like sweetness. Quality varies from apple to apple. Developed by the University of Minnesota and best suited to cool climates. P Haralson x Keepsake. | Eating | Pick45 September 9. Pick55 August 25. | |
| Honeygold[54] | Minnesota, US | Cross made 1935, selected 1947, introduced 1969 | P Golden Delicious x Haralson. Flesh crisp, yellow, juicy. Quality excellent. Sweet tasting fruit. Tree has very showy, light pink blossoms in spring. Ripens October 1 in Minnesota. | Eating | Pick45 September 25. Pick55 September 10. PickE late October. Use November–December. | |
| Hook[22] | US | <1880 | A yellow apple. Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 83 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh white, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, very good. | Eating | Use October–November | |
| Hoover (syn. Wattaugah)[7] | South Carolina, US | <1850 | Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 29 mm (1.1 in). Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Horace[9] | Ontario, Canada | Selected 1912 | P Langford Beauty x unknown. A medium size highly colored, striped apple. Most nearly resembles Fameuse. | Use September–November | ||
| Hormead Pearmain[44][11] | Hertfordshire, England | <1826 | Medium conical, greenish yellow with light brown flush. Flesh crisp, very juicy and pleasant. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). AM from RHS in 1900. | Cooking | PickE early October. Use December–May | |
| Horneburger Pfannkuchenapfel[3] | Germany | Flesh; white, juicy, subacid. | Cooking, Eating, Juice. | PickG early - mid October. Pickg September 10–30. Use January - March. | ||
| Horse (syn. Haas, Yellow Hoss)[7][8] | North Carolina, US | <1850 | Width 81–83 mm (3.2–3.3 in), height 71–72 mm (2.8–2.8 in). Stalk 21–22 mm (0.83–0.87 in). Flesh yellow, tender, pleasant, subacid. | Cooking, drying | Use 31 July–1 August | |
| Houblon[6][11] | Berkshire England | <1901 | P Peasgood Nonsuch x Cox Orange. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk long. Raised by Charles Ross. Award of Merit from RHS in 1901. | Eating | PickE late September; use October–January | |
| Hounslow Wonder[24] | England | <1910 | Orange-yellow with scarlet flush and stripes. Stalk short. AM from RHS in 1910. | Eating | PickE mid-September. Use September–October | |
| Howgate Wonder agm[123][25][24] | Isle of Wight, England | 1960 | Makes a lot of juice. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Flesh creamy-white, firm. P Annie Elizabeth x Peasgood Nonsuch. | Cooking | PickE early October; use October to March | |
| Hubbard's Pearmain[10] | Norfolk, England | <1800 | One of the richest flavoured dessert apples. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). | Eating | PickE early to mid-October. Use November–April | |
| Hubbardston Nonsuch (syn. John May, Hubbardston, Old Town Pippin)[58][8][22] | Massachusetts, US | <1860 | Width 78–86 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 70–77 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 17–28 mm (0.67–1.10 in). Flesh yellow juicy. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use October–January | |
| Humboldt[9] | California, US | Introduced 1944 | P Transcedent x unknown. | |||
| Hunt's Duke of Gloucester[10] | Gloucestershire, England | c. 1820 | A desert apple of first rate quality | Eating | PickE mid-September. Use December–February | |
| Hunt's Early[11][24] | England | c. 1800 | Yellow with brown-red flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). P Margaret x Reinette de Hollande.Flesh soft, pale yellow, good. | Eating | Pick mid-August. Use August. |
I
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idagold[9] | Idaho, US | Introduced 1944 | P Esopus Spitzenburg x Wagener. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use January–March. | |
| Idajon[9] | Idaho, US | Introduced 1949 | P Wagener x Jonathan. Ripens 10 days before Jonathan. | Eating | PickE late October. Use December–January. | |
| Idared agm[124][3][25] | Moscow, Idaho, US | Selected 1935, introduced 1942 | A medium-sized deep red apple. Crisp white flesh is tart and juicy, and can be somewhat bland if eaten out of hand, however, Idared is an exceptional cooking apple. Flesh keeps is shape, and the flavour becomes much stronger with cooking. An excellent keeping apple, Idared remains hardy and durable in proper storage for as long as 8 months. Idared is a cross between Jonathan and Wagener developed at the University of Idaho. Width 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in), height 50–75 mm (2.0–3.0 in), weight 150–180 g (5.3–6.3 oz). Stalk 18–30 mm (0.71–1.18 in). Prone to canker, scab, very prone to mildew. Density 0.79 | Cooking, eating | Pick45 October 4. Pick55 September 20. PickE mid-October. PickG late October. Pickg October 1–25. Use December–April | |
| Imperatriz[14] | Brazil | Introduced 1997 | P Gala x Mollie's Delicious. Flesh sweet, subacid. | Eating | ||
| Improved Blaxtayman 201.[9] | Washington, US | Introduced 1944 | Mutation of Stayman Winesap | |||
| Ingol[4][3] | Germany | 1954 | A red apple. Weight 184 g (6.5 oz). P Ingrid Marie x Golden Delicious. | Eating | PickG late September–early October. PickE early October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–January | |
| Ingrid Marie[3][20][26] | Flemlöse, Denmark | 1910, introduced 1936. | A medium size (90–180 g (3.2–6.3 oz)) red apple. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12–25 mm (0.47–0.98 in). P Cox Orange x Cox Pomona. Flesh: juicy, subacid. The most popular eating apple in Sweden. Density 0.80 | Eating | PickE late September.Pickg September 15–30. Use November–February | |
| Irish Peach[19][25] | Kilkenny, Ireland | 19th century | Excellent for baking. Early harvest. Width 61–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 48–55 mm (1.9–2.2 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). More difficult to find within land of origin due to primary use for export to UK. Hardy, tastes very good straight off tree. | Cooking, eating | PickE mid–late August; use August–September |
J
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jacobs Sweet[21] | Massachusetts, US | c. 1860 | A round yellow apple. Flesh yellow, firm, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, very sweet, good. | Eating | Use October–April | |
| Jakob Fischer[4][3] | Germany | 1903 | A yellow apple with red flush. Flesh; juicy, subacid. | Eating | PickG September; use September–October | |
| Jakob Lebel (syn. Jacques Lebel)[3][19] | Amiens, France | 1825 | A very large apple. Width 82–94 mm (3.2–3.7 in), height 63–73 mm (2.5–2.9 in). Weight 185 g (6.5 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid to acid. VitC 8. Density 0.81 TRI | Cooking, juice | PickG mid-September; use October–December. | |
| Jamba[3] | Germany | 1954. Introduced 1969. | Flesh; aromatic, juicy, subacid. | Eating | PickE early September. PickG mid-August–early September. Pickg August 23–September 7. Use August–October. | |
| James Grieve agm[125][19][3][25] | Edinburgh, Scotland | 1893 | Good taste, but poor keeper (bruises easily). Width 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Weight 140 g (4.9 oz). Stalk 15–33 mm (0.59–1.30 in). AM from RHS in 1897. FCC from RHS in 1906. Prone to scab, canker, resistant to mildew. Flesh; soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet. VitC 7. Density 0.76 | Cooking, eating | PickE early September. Pickg August 25–September 7. Use September–October | |
| Jaspi[32] | Finland | Introduced 1980 | A red apple. P Lobo x Huvitus. Flesh sweet, subacid, aromatic, good. | Eating | Pick September; use September–October | |
| Jaune[27][28] | Montfort, Sarthe, France | <1860 | A yellow apple. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). | Use January–May | ||
| Jazz (Scifresh)[102] | New Zealand | Cross made 1985, introduced 2007 | Bright red round apple with subtle yellow under-striping. Tart to sweet, dense and very crunchy with effervescent texture. From sweet Royal Gala × firm, tart Braeburn. Widely sold commercially in the UK. | Eating | Pick 1 week before Braeburn | |
| Jefferies[7][8][21][22] | Pennsylvania, US | <1849 | Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 53–57 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, crisp, tender, subacid, aromatic, very good. DBH 116. | Eating | Pick50 September 1. PickE mid-September. Use September–December. | |
| Jerseymac[3][126] | New Jersey, US | Cross made 1956, selected 1961, introduced 1971. | A green apple flushed with red (50–75%). Width 70–73 mm (2.8–2.9 in). Flesh; juicy, aromatic, subacid. | Eating | PickG mid-August. Use August. | |
| Jersey Sweet[7][8][21][22] | US | <1820 | Width 72–90 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13–17 mm (0.51–0.67 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, aromatic, very sweet, good to very good. | Baking | Use August–October | |
| Jewett Red[21][22] | New Hampshire, US | <1850 | Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good to very good. | Eating | Use October–February | |
| John Standish[6][25] | Berkshire, England | Raised 1873, introduced 1921 | Yellow-white flat-round apple, 50–75% flushed. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 54–57 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 15–23 mm (0.59–0.91 in). AM from RHS in 1922. | Eating | Pick mid-October; use December–February | |
| Jonafree (syn. Co-op 22)[127] | Urbana, Illinois, US | Selected 1972, introduced 1979 | Flesh yellow, fine grained, crisp, juicy. Tree is vigorous. Width 63–76 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). P: (14-644 x Jonathan) x (Gallia Beauty x Red Spy). | Eating | Pick45 September 10. Pick55 September 1. Use September–October. | |
| Jonagold agm[128][3][14][129] | Geneva, New York, US | cross made 1953, first fruited 1953, introduced 1968 | P Golden Delicious x Jonathan. Popular in Europe and land of origin. Width 60–90 mm (2.4–3.5 in), height 60–85 mm (2.4–3.3 in). Weight 150–200 g (5.3–7.1 oz). Stalk 15–35 mm (0.59–1.38 in). Several highly coloured strains are available. Widely sold commercially in the United Kingdom. Density 0.82 TRI | Eating, cooking | Pick45 October 4. Pick55 September 15. Pickg September 23 –October 15. Use October–March. | |
| Jonamac[14] | Geneva, New York, US | 1972 | P McIntosh x Jonathan. | Eating | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 August 26. | |
| Jonared[9] | Washington, US | Discovered 1930. Introduced 1934 | Mutation of Jonathan. | |||
| Jonathan[8][25][19][22][78][26]
fr. Pomme Jonathan ru. Djonathan |
Kingston, New York, US | 1820s | Tart taste. Mostly red apple with patches of lime green. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 58–61 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Weight 95–110 g (3.4–3.9 oz). Stalk 8–18 mm (0.31–0.71 in). VitC 9-25. Density 0.77 Does well in cooler areas; some frost resistance. DBH 139–145. | Cooking (pie), eating | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5. PickE early October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use November–April. | |
| Jonagrimes[9] | Indiana, US | Introduced 1920s. | P unknown. A yellow apple streaked with red. | Eating, cooking | Ripens two weeks ahead of Jonathan. | |
| Jonwin[9] | California, US | Introduced 1944 | P Jonathan x Baldwin. | Pick early October; use November–April | ||
| Joybells[6] | Surrey, England | 1914 | Pale yellow, 25–75% flushed red. Flesh crisp, juicy and sweet, with pleasant flavour. AGM from RHS in 1922. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk variable. | Eating | Pick late September; use October–March | |
| Joyce[92] | Ottawa, Canada | Raised 1898, selected 1912, introduced 1924. | A green apple with red overcolor. Width 64–81 mm (2.5–3.2 in), height 56–69 mm (2.2–2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh: white, soft, sweet. DBH 107 | Eating | Pick50 August 21. | |
| Judson[22] | Iowa, US | <1899 | Greenish yellow with red flush. Width 99 mm (3.9 in), height 85 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, juicy, fair to good. | Eating | Use October–December | |
| Juliet[130] | Illinois, US | Cross made 1970, selected 1977 | A green apple with red overcolor (60–90%). Width 64–76 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 56–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 20–23 mm (0.79–0.91 in). Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, fruity, subacid. SS 14.7 | Eating, cooking | Pick: 2–3 weeks after Delicious. | |
| Julita Gylling[23] | Sweden | Yellow with red flush. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in). | Cooking, eating | Pick September; use October–December | ||
| Jubilee[9] | B.C. Canada | Introduced 1939 | P McIntosh x Grimes Golden. Flesh cream-colored, firm, crisp, juicy. | Pick 3 weeks later than McIntosh. Use until February. | ||
| Junaluska | North Carolina, US | c. 1815 | Once thought to be extinct but rediscovered in 2001 in rural North Carolina. Native American origin. Named for Cherokee chief Junaluska, leader in Battle of Horseshoe Bend, believed to have planted original tree. Extremely russeted and ugly apple but very hardy tree with superior taste to commercial varieties. | Cooking, cider, eating | ||
| Junami (syn. Diwa, Milwa) | Switzerland | c. 2010 | A cross between Idared and Maigold with Elstar. Beautifully round, fresh and fruity taste with a crunchy bite. | Cooking, eating | ||
| June Wealthy[9] | Ohio, US | Introduced 1947 | P Wealthy x unknown. A dark red apple. Ripens with Yellow Transparent. | |||
| Juno[3][16] | Müncheberg/Mark, Germany | Introduced 1971 | A yellow to green apple with red overcolor. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in), weight 190 g (6.7 oz). Stalk 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in). Flesh, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Density 0.83 | Eating, cooking, juice | Pick October; use January–May | |
| Junost[32] | Russia | 1938 | A yellow apple. P Gulkanel x Transparante Blanche. Flesh juicy, sweet, good. | Eating, cooking | Pick September | |
| Jupiter agm[131] | North Carolina, US | c. 1815 | A large, round, slightly conic apple. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Light yellow-green skin with a red-orange blush and stripes. Strong apple flavour is well-balanced between sweet and sharp. Cross of Cox's Orange Pippin and Starking Delicious (a sport of Red Delicious), apple retains Cox's flavour, but tree is easier to grow. | Eating | PickE early October. Use October–January. |
K
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kaiser Wilhelm[3] | Germany | 1864 | A large apple (170 g (6.0 oz)), Harberts Reinette x unknown. Flesh; dry subacid. VitC 15. Density 0.77 | Eating, cooking | PickE early October. Use November–March | |
| Kalemčica[15] | Montenegro | A green apple. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in), weight 76 g (2.7 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh cream colored, juicy, sweet. Disease resistant. | Eating, cooking, cider | Pick September; use September–March | ||
| Kalmar Glasäpple[19] | Sweden | 18th century[132] | The body is light yellow, and the taste is a mix of acidity and sweetness. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in). Harvesting may begin in early October and it is typically fully ripe in early December. | Cooking, eating | ||
| Kalterer Böhmer[12] | South Tyrolean, Austria | <1900 | A yellow apple with red flush (75%). Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Flesh, white, subacid, aromatic, good. | Eating, cooking | Pick October; use November–February | |
| Kanzi (Nicoter) | Belgium | 1991 | Gala × Braeburn. Crunchy, juicy, sweet, slightly tangier than Gala. | Eating | ||
| Karapash[15] | Albania | Yellow to green with red stripes. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), weight 110–150 g (3.9–5.3 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, subacid, aromatic. Sensitive to apple scab. | Eating | Pick late October | ||
| Kardinal Bea[4][3] | Germany | 1930 | A German cider apple. Sugar-acid-ratio 15:1. Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid. | Cider, juice | PickG early October; use October–February | |
| Karmijn de Sonnaville[3] | Wageningen, Netherlands | 1949 | Yellow ground colour when ripe, with red flush, and russet depending on the season. Large apple, though shape can be irregular. TRI | Cooking, juice, eating | PickE early October. PickG early–mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–December. | |
| Kasseler Renette (see Dutch Mignonne) | ||||||
| Katy (apple) (syn. Katja)[25][133] | Balsgård, Fjälkestad, Sweden | Cross made 1947, selected 1955, introduced 1966. | Early eating apple with red skin and pale cream flesh. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Well suited to Northern European climate. | Eating | PickE early September; use September–early October | |
| Kavlås[20][19] | Sweden | <1820 | Width 80–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 70–79 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). Flesh juicy, sweet, subacid, good. | Eating | Pick early October; use October–December | |
| Kendall[9] | Geneva, New York | Introduced 1932 | Large, dark red. P McIntosh x Zusoff | Eating | PickE early October. | |
| Keepsake[134] | Minnesota, US | Cross made 1936, selected 1947, introduced 1978 | A green apple with red overcolor. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh: yellow, hard crisp, juicy. DBH 155–170. | Eating, pie | ||
| Kent (see Malling Kent) | ||||||
| Kentucky Long Stem[7] | Kentucky, US | <1850 | Flesh greenish white, sweet, subacid. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Kerry Pippin[6][31] | County Antrim, Ireland | c. 1805 | Pale to golden yellow flesh. Delightful spicy taste. Well suited to Ireland's moist, cool climate. Width 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in), height 44–56 mm (1.7–2.2 in). Stalk 15–26 mm (0.59–1.02 in). | Eating | PickE late August; use August–September. Denmark pick mid-September, use October–November. | |
| Keswick Codlin (syn. Keswick)[25][22][8] | England | Introduced 1790 | A yellow apple. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 9 mm (0.35 in). Flesh yellowish white, soft, acid. | Cooking | PickE mid–late August; use August–October | |
| Kidd's Orange Red agm[135][3] | New Zealand | 1924 | Cox's Orange Pippin × Delicious. Yellow skin with orange red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Chewy rather than crunchy. Flesh; crisp, juicy, aromatic. | Eating | PickE mid-October. PickG late September–early October. Use November–January. | |
| Kim[20] | Sweden | 1955 | Yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). P Cortland x Ingrid Marie. | Eating, cooking | PickE late September; use October–March | |
| King Albert[24] | England | <1936 | Large yellow striped with scarlet. Stalk short. | Cooking | ||
| King David[24] | Arkansas, US | 1893. Introduced 1902 | Yellow with red stripes. P Jonathan x Winesap. | Cooking, eating | PickE mid-October. Use October–November | |
| King Georg V[6][24] | Isle of Wight, England | 1898 | P Cox Orange x unknown. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk variable. AM from RHS in 1927. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid with pineapple flavour. | Eating | PickE mid-October; use November–March | |
| King Harry[11][24] | England | <1892 | Pale yellow with russet. Oval-conical. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh firm, yellow, good. AM from RHS in 1892. | Cooking | Use October–November | |
| King of the Pippins du. Engelsche Winter Goudpearmain, fr. Reine des Reinettes, ge. Goldparmäne. sw. Guldparmän.agm[136][3][27][13] | France | <1800 | Suitable for more northerly (southerly in the Southern Hemisphere) areas with higher rainfall. Width 67–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 57–66 mm (2.2–2.6 in), weight 110 g (3.9 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). VitC 18–20. Density 0.84 | Eating, cooking, cider | PickG mid-September–early October. PickE early October. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–February | |
| King of Tomkins County[11] (syn. King Apple, Toms Red, Tommy Red)[7][8] | New Jersey, US | <1804 | Width 74–87 mm (2.9–3.4 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 19–22 mm (0.75–0.87 in). Flesh juicy, tender, vinous, aromatic. AM from RHS in 1900. Triploid. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use December–March | |
| King Russet agm[137] | United Kingdom | Russetted form of King of the Pippins | Eating | |||
| King's Acre Bountiful[11] | Herefordshire, England | <1904 | Creamy white. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk short. AM from RHS in 1904. Tree very fertile. | Cooking | PickE early September. Use October–November | |
| King's Acre Pippin[6][25] | England | 1897 | P Sturmer Pippin x Ribston. Width 73–82 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 67–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in). AM from RHS in 1897. Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh white, juicy, aromatic. | Eating | PickE mid-October; use December–March | |
| Kingston Black agm[138] | Small yellow fruits, heavily flushed with deep red. Does not bear or store well. Fruits November | Cider | ||||
| Klockhammarsäpple[20] | Sweden | <1860 | A small yellow apple with red stripes. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). | Eating, cooking | ||
| Knobby Russet (syn. Knobbed Russet; Old Maid's Winter Apple)[10] | Sussex, England | 1819 | Green and yellow, with rough and black russet. Unusually irregular, warty and knobbly surface. | Cider, eating | PickE mid-October. Use December–March | |
| Konfetnoje (syn. Konfetnaja)[32] | Russia | A yellow apple with some red stripes. P Papirova x Korobovka. Flesh has a pear-like aroma. | Eating | Pick mid–late August | ||
| Konsta[32] | Finland | Introduced 1997 | A red apple. P Lobo x Antonovka. Flesh white, subacid, aromatic. | Eating, cooking | Pick mid-October | |
| Koritschnevoje[32] | Russia | <1850 | A yellow apple with red stripes. | Eating | Pick September; use September–October | |
| Koritschnevoje Ananásnoje[32] | Russia | <1840 | Medium size round, green with yellow stripes. | Cooking, eating | Pick September, use September | |
| Kosztela | Poland | 16th century | Eating | |||
| Krstovača[15] | Montenegro | Yellowish green with red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in), weight 180 g (6.3 oz). Stalk medium. Flesh, firm, sweet, juicy. Disease resistant. | Eating, cooking | Pick October; use October–April | ||
| Krupnaja[15] | Montenegro | A greenish-yellow apple. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in), weight 180 g (6.3 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh creamy white, firm, juicy, tasty. | Eating, cooking | Pick early September; use September–October | ||
| Kuqula (syn. Mollekuqja)[15] | Albania | A yellow apple with red covering (75%). Width 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), height 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), weight 80–100 g (2.8–3.5 oz). Flesh yellowish white, subacid, sweet, aromatic. Resistant to Venturia ineaqualis and Codling Moth. A good keeper. | Eating | Pick early October |
L
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lacker[8] | Pennsylvania, US | <1800 | Flesh white, juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | Use January–March | |
| Lady[8][22][21] | France | <1800 | A small apple. Width 46 mm (1.8 in), height 33 mm (1.3 in). Stalk 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good to very good. | Eating | Use December–May | |
| Lady Alice | Washington, US | 1979 | Medium-sized, roundish oblate with thin yellow-green skin with an orange blush and bright red stripes. Crisp yellowish-white flesh is sweet with hints of honey and almond. Don Emmons purchased a neglected orchard of Red Delicious near Gleed, Washington, in 1978. While cultivating between trees, a disc from the plow hit the base of a tree. The injury caused a new shoot to grow from the rootstock (likely a seedling grown from a pip). The shoot was allowed to grow and bear fruit which Emmons named for his mother, Alice.[139] | |||
| Lady Henniker[25][11][140] | Thornham Hill, Suffolk, England | 1840–1850 | Large, oblong, ribbed. Flesh is sweet and spicy, firm, rather coarse textured. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). TRI | Eating, cooking | PickE early October. Use November–January | |
| Lady's Sweet (syn. Pommeroy, Roa Yon)[7][8][21][22] | US | <1860 | Yellowish-green with red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14–20 mm (0.55–0.79 in). Flesh crisp, tender, juicy with a delicious perfumed flavor, very good to best. | Eating | Use December–May | |
| Lady Sudely[6][25][11] | Petworth, England | 1849, introduced 1885 | A golden yellow apple with 50–100% red flush. Width 67–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in), height 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). Flesh creamy white, juicy and subacid. | Eating | PickE mid-August; Use August–September | |
| Lagatorka[15] | Montenegro | Yellow with red stripes (90%). Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in), weight 149 g (5.3 oz). Stalk medium. Flesh very juicy, acid, good. | Eating | Pick early October; Use October–March | ||
| Lakeland[9] | Minnesota, US | Introduced 1950 | A red apple. P Malinda x Unknown. | Eating | PickE early September. Use September–October. | |
| Lancaster Greening (syn. Lancaster Pippin)[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1870 | A green apple with russet. Flesh yellow, juicy, pleasant, subacid. | Eating | Use December–May | |
| Landsberger Reinette (syn. Landsberger)[10][3][22][13][29] | Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland | 1840 | An excellent apple for eating or cooking. Width 79–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 64–78 mm (2.5–3.1 in), weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 14–22 mm (0.55–0.87 in). VitC 3–6. Density 0.75 | Cooking, eating | PickE late September. Pickg September 20–October 15. Use October–January. | |
| Lane's Prince Albert[11][6][19][3]agm[141][25][13] | Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire, England | 1841, introduced 1857 | Green with orange blush. Makes a good apple crumble for Christmas: peak ripening happens in winter. Width 65–97 mm (2.6–3.8 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), weight 115–200 g (4.1–7.1 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Resistant to scab, very prone to mildew, prone to canker. P Russet Nonpareil x Dumelow's Seedling. VitC 13. | Cooking | PickE early October; use December–March | |
| Langeland[19] | Denmark | <1800 | Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 80 mm (3.1 in). Prone to canker. | Eating | ||
| Langley Pippin[44][11] | Chelsea, Buckinghamshire, England | Medium, tall, conical, brightly striped red. Flesh yellowish, soft and well flavoured. P Cox Orange x Gladstone. | Eating | Use August | ||
| Lansingburgh[8] | Possibly Ohio, US | <1810 | Flesh firm, subacid. | Cooking, eating | Use November–May | |
| Large Bough (see Sweet Bough) | ||||||
| Late Strawberry (syn. Autumn Strawberry)[7][21][22][8] | Aurora, New York, US | <1848 | Whitish with red flush. Width 73–79 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 63–69 mm (2.5–2.7 in). Stalk 22–24 mm (0.87–0.94 in). Flesh, yellow, fine, crisp juicy, vinous, subacid, very good. | Eating | Use October–December | |
| Lawver[7][22] | Possibly Kansas, US | <1850 | Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Biennial. Flesh white, firm, crisp, aromatic, subacid. Stalk medium. | Eating | Use January–May | |
| Laxton's Advance (see Advance) | ||||||
| Laxton's Early Crimson[44][25] | Bedfordshire, England | Raised 1908. Introduced 1931. | Width 51–67 mm (2.0–2.6 in), height 51–63 mm (2.0–2.5 in). Stalk 17–21 mm (0.67–0.83 in). A green apple flushed with brownish purple. Flesh very sweet, little acidity. P Worcester Pearmain x Gladstone. | Eating | PickE early August; use August | |
| Laxton's Epicure agm[142][25] | Bedfordshire, United Kingdom | 1909 | Aromatic sweet fruit, tendency to biennial habit, bruises easily. Width 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 49–54 mm (1.9–2.1 in). Stalk 30–35 mm (1.2–1.4 in). Yellow flesh with streaks of red and orange. | Eating | Pick late August; use August–September | |
| Laxton's Exquisite (see Exquisite) | ||||||
| Laxton's Favourite[44] | Bedfordshire, England | Raised 1925, introduced 1951. | Sweet crisp, juicy flesh. A yellow apple totally flushed and streaked with orange red. | Eating | Pick late August; use September–October | |
| Laxton's Fortune (see Fortune) | ||||||
| Laxton's Herald[5] | Bedfordshire, England | 1906 | Yellow skinned flushed almost completely with red stripes. | Eating | PickE late August; use September. | |
| Laxton's Imperial[24] | England | 1907, introduced 1926 or 1928 | Yellow with red flush. P Cox Orange x Allington. | Eating | ||
| Laxton's Leader[24] | Bedfordshire, England | 1905 | A small apple. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). P Gladstone x Worcester Pearmain. | Eating | PickE early August; use August | |
| Laxton's Pearmain[24][143] | Bedfordshire, England | 1897, introduced 1922 | Cellini x Cox Orange Pippin. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). AM from RHS in 1922. Raised by Laxton brothers. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use October–January. | |
| Laxton's Peerless[5] | Bedfordshire, England | 1900, introduced 1922 | A large yellow skinned apple with scattered russet. AM from RHS in 1920. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Flesh crisp, acid. | Eating | PickE mid-September; use September–November | |
| Laxton's Pioneer[5] | Bedfordshire, England | 1934 | Large yellow apple almost completely covered with ared flush and stripes. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). | Eating | Pick late September; use October–November | |
| Laxton's Royalty[24] | Bedfordshire, England | Raised 1908, introduced 1932. | Yellow with red flush. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Cox-like aroma. Flesh sweet and juicy. P Cox Orange x Court Pendu Plat. | Eating | PickE late October. Use January–March. | |
| Laxton's Superb[3][13] | Bedfordshire, England | 1897, introduced 1922 | P: Cellini x Cox's Orange Pippin. AM from RHS in 1919. FCC from RHS in 1921. Classic old Victorian British apple. Green with dull red flush. Firm texture, but not very good juice producer. Prone to scab. Biennial. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in), weight 105 g (3.7 oz). Stalk 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in). VitC 5. Density 0.80 | Eating | Pickg October 1–15. Use October–March | |
| Laxton's Triumph[24] | Bedfordshire, England | Raised 1902. Introduced 1930. | Yellow with red flush. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). P King of the Pippins x Cox Orange. Flesh aromatic, sharp. | Eating | PickE late October; use November–January | |
| Laxton's Victory[5] | Bedfordshire, England | 1926 | A yellow apple with brown flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Flesh sweet and aromatic. | Eating | PickE early September; use September–October | |
| Lemoenappel[13] | Lunteren, Netherlands | 1885. Introduced 1899. | A yellow apple with orange flush. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 78 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). | Use November–January | ||
| Lemon Pippin[10] | England or France | <1744 | A medium-sized apple. Flesh: firm, crisp, and briskly flavoured. A small tree. | Cooking, eating | PickE early October. Use October–December. | |
| Lentsche Roode[13] | Possibly the Netherlands | A yellow apple with red flush (60–90%). Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). | Use October–November. | |||
| Lewis Incomparable[6] | England | <1800 | Greenish yellow with 25–75% orange-red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk short. Flesh greenish-white, dry, subacid. | Cooking, eating, pie | Pick early October; use December–February | |
| Liberty[144] | New York | First fruited 1961, introduced 1978 | A greenish-yellow apple, red striped. Very disease-resistant. P: PRI 54-12 x Macoun. Flesh nearly white, crisp, juicy, coarse. Very similar appearance to McIntosh, relatively short storage life in air. Ripens 4 days before Delicious. | Eating | Pick45 September 20. Pick 55 September 5. Use October–December. | |
| Limbertwig[8] | US | <1800 | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh subacid, rich, aromatic. | Cooking, eating. | PickE late October. Use March–April | |
| Limelight | Kent, England | 2000 | Greensleeves type; abundant cropping and a compact tree. A pale green apple with a smooth finish and occasional pink blush. Crisp flesh and disease resistant tree. | Eating | ||
| Linsenhofener Renette (syn. Linsenhofer Sämling)[4][3] | Baden-Württemberg, Germany | A green apple with red flush. Flesh; yellowish, crisp, juicy, subacid. | Cooking, cider, juice. | PickG mid-October; use October–March. | ||
| Liveland Raspberry (syn. Lowland Raspberry)[69] | Livland Governorate | Before 1870 (documented) | A white apple with red flush. Flesh very tender, sweet. | Eating | Pick August | |
| Ljutaĉa (syn. Kiseljaĉa)[15] | Montenegro | A green apple. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in), weight 111 g (3.9 oz). Stalk medium. Flesh creamy green, juicy, subacid. | Eating, cooking | Pick late October; use December–June | ||
| Lobo[20][3] | Ottawa, Canada | 1897. Selected 1906. Introduced 1930 | A McIntosh-style apple. P McIntosh x unknown. Yellow with red overclour. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). | Eating | PickE mid-September. PickG early–mid-September; use October–March | |
| Loddington[6][42] | Kent, England | c. 1820 | FCC from RHS in 1877. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk short. Flesh, soft, juicy, subacid. | Cooking | PickE late September; use October–December | |
| Lodgemore Nonpareil (syn. Clissold's Seedling)[10][11] | Lodgemore, Gloucestershire, England | 1808 | A dessert apple of great excellence. Flesh crisp, greenish, sweet, juicy, very good. | Eating | PickE early October. Use February–May | |
| Lodi[6] | Ohio, US | 1911, introduced 1924 | Fruit pale yellow flushed with deeper yellow. P Montgomery x Yellow Transparent. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Resistant to scab. Tangy taste. DBH 80. | Eating | Pick45 August 1. Pick50 July 27. Pick55 July 10. Use July–August | |
| London Pippin[35][13] | England | 1580 | Yellow with red flush. Width 74–80 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 53–59 mm (2.1–2.3 in). Stalk 15–18 mm (0.59–0.71 in). VitC 8. | Cooking, eating, cider | PickE mid-October; use January–March | |
| London Sweet[7] | Dayton, Ohio, US | <1860 | A yellow apple. Stalk short. Flesh whitish, juicy, tender, sweet, aromatic, good to very good. Tree vigorous, productive. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Longfield,[22] | Russia | <1870 | Width 70–83 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 67–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk 14–22 mm (0.55–0.87 in). Flesh, greenish, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. | Eating | Use September–October | |
| Long Island Russet[7] | Long Island, US | <1820 | Flesh yellowish, dry, sweet. | Cider | Use October–February | |
| Longstart[64] | England | 1851 | A very excellent culinary apple. Width 51 mm (2.0 in), height 44 mm (1.7 in). Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in). | Cooking | Use October–December | |
| Lord Burghley[10][83][25] | England | Raised 1834, Introduced 1865 | Small yellow with brown crimson flush, flesh soft, highly aromatic. Width 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 44–61 mm (1.7–2.4 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). An excellent winter dessert apple. Tree small. | Eating | PickE mid-October; use January–April | |
| Lord Derby[6][25][11][33] | Stockport, Cheshire, England | 1862 | Yellowish green apple. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in). Strong ribbing. P Forester x Woodford. Flesh pale yellow, subacid. likes cooler weather. Subject to brown rot. | Cooking | PickE late September; use November–December | |
| Lord Grosvenor[44][6][25] | England | 1872 | Large conical, pale creamy yellow, cooks to a white froth. Enormous cropper, must be thinned. Width 74–88 mm (2.9–3.5 in), height 64–82 mm (2.5–3.2 in). Stalk 25–28 mm (0.98–1.10 in). | Cooking | PickE mid-August; use August–September | |
| Lord Hindlip[6][25][11][42] | Worcestershire, England | <1896 | Late, high-quality dessert apple for use in December to March. Width 64–73 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 73–77 mm (2.9–3.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Flesh crisp, white, juicy, subacid. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1898. | Eating | PickE early–mid-October; use December–March | |
| Lord Kitchener[145] | England | <1900 | A green apple with red flush, smaller than Peasgood Nonsuch. P Peasgood Nonsuch x unknown. | Eating, cooking, baking | ||
| Lord Lambourne agm[146][25] | England | 1907 | James Grieve apple x Worcester Pearmain. Round shape. Orange flush with hint of russet. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Strong acid flavour. Good for domestic cultivation. Award of Merit from RHS in 1923. | Eating | PickE mid–late September; use September–November | |
| Lord Raglan[64] | England | An excellent cooking apple. Yellow with red flush. | Cooking | Use March–April | ||
| Lord Suffield[6][35][11] | Middleton, Lancashire, England | c. 1836 | A very large cooking apple for use in August–September. Width 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk short–medium. Green apple, no flush. This variety is often subject to canker and rotting on the tree. | Cooking | PickE mid-August; use August–September | |
| Loudon Pippin[7] | Virginia, US | <1870 | A large oblate apple, yellow with red flush. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. | Eating | Use December–February | |
| Lowell[8][21][22] | US | <1848 | Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. | Eating, cooking, drying | Use August–September | |
| Lucombe's Seedling[64] | Exeter, England | 1831 | A culinary apple of first rate quality. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk short and thick. Flesh white, juicy, pleasantly flovoured. | Cooking | PickE mid-September. Use October–January | |
| Luiken (syn. Luikenapfel, Ludwigsapfel)[4][12][26] | Germany or France | <1823 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 55 mm (2.2 in), height 48–50 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). C 12. Flesh white, juicy. | Cooking | Pick September; use September–December. | |
| Luisenapfel (syn. Prinzessin Luise)[3] | Canada | 1860 | Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in), weight 110–200 g (3.9–7.1 oz). Stalk 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in). | Cooking, eating | Pick October; use October–January | |
| Lujanca[15] | Moldova | Yellow with purple to red stripes (90%). Flesh firm juicy, subacid. Biennial. Thinning is necessary. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in), weight 75–90 mm (3.0–3.5 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Disease resistant. | Eating, cooking | Pick late September; use October–December | ||
| Lundbytorp[53] | Denmark | c. 1900 | A green apple with red overcolour. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in) | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use November–January. | |
| Lunow[3] | Germany | 1920 | Green apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Flesh; crisp, subacid to acid. Density 0.85. Biennal | Cooking | Picking October; use January–April | |
| Lunterse Pippeling[13] | Lunteren, Netherlands | Introduced c. 1900 | A green apple with russet. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 37 mm (1.5 in). | Use January–March | ||
| Luxemburger Reinette (syn. Reinette des Vergers)[35] | <1850 | A green apple with red flush. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). TRI | Eating, cooking | Use February–July | ||
| Lynn[102] | Washington, US | Selected 1999 | A yellow apple with pink-red overcolor (20–80%). P unknown. Flesh: creamy-white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick 5 days after Delicious |
M
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maayan[14] | Israel | Introduced 1967 | P (Calville St. Sauver x Damascus) x Delicious. Flesh juicy, sweet, acid. | Eating | ||
| Mabbott's Pearmain[64] | Maidstone, England | 1883 | Yellow with red flush. Width 56 mm (2.2 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk very slender. Flesh juicy, sweet, highly flavoured. | Eating | Use October–December | |
| MacExcel[147] | Canada | Cross made 1971, selected 1992. | A greenish-yellow apple with pinkish red flush. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Weight 121 g (4.3 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh is creamy-white, firm, crisp, juicy. SS 12.4. | Eating | Pick 2 week before McIntosh. | |
| Macfree[148] | Trenton, Ontario, Canada | Cross made 1953, selected 1963, introduced 1974 | A greenish-yellow apple with 75% red flush. Flesh is white, juicy, coarse, tough. | Eating | Pick55 September 12. Ripens second week of October in Trenton, Ontario. | |
| Maclean's Favourite[64] | Colchester, England | 1820 | A very excellent dessert apple. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 49 mm (1.9 in). | Pick early October; use October–January | ||
| Macoun[3] | Geneva, New York | 1909/1923 | Cold-tolerant. Crunchy. P McIntosh x Jersey Black. Does very well in salads. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in), weight 100–160 g (3.5–5.6 oz). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) | Eating | Pick50 September 30 | |
| Madresfield Court[6] | England | <1915 | AM from RHS in 1915. Tree is a shy cropper. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 81 mm (3.2 in). Stalk medium. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | Pick late September; use October–December | |
| Maglemer[19] | Lolland, Denmark | <1800 | Yellow with red stripes. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). | Eating | Pick late September; use November–January | |
| Magog[22] | Vermont US | <1876 | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Flesh is firm, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good. | Eating | Use October–January | |
| Maiden's Blush[46][22][21][8] | Burlington, New Jersey, US | <1817 | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). A thin-skinned, flattened apple. Pale yellow-green skin has a telltale crimson blush on the side that faced the sun. Flesh is white, crisp, very juicy, subacid, good. Susceptible to scab. Heavy annual bearer. Good cooker. Excellent variety for drying because the flesh remains white and bright. DBH 124. | Cooking, eating | Pick50 September 10. Use September–November. | |
| Maidstone Favourite[44][11] | Kent, England | <1913 | Flat, even, most delightfully striped with carmine. P Alexander x Beauty of Bath. Flesh crisp, sweet and aromatic. Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). AGM from RHS in 1913. | Eating | ||
| Maigold[3] | Wädenswil, Germany | 1944, introduced 1964. | Flesh is cream, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. | Eating | PickG mid–late October. Use February–April. | |
| Maikki[32] | Finland | Introduced 1980 | A red apple. P Melba x Huvitus. Flesh white, sweet, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | Pick late August | |
| Make[32] | Finland | Introduced 1980 | A yellow apple with red flush. Flesh juicy, sweet, subacid. P Atlas x Gul Höstkalville. | Eating | Pick mid-September | |
| Malinda | Vermont, US | 1860 | Small, conical with sheep's nose; deep, rich yellow with red spots possible. Dry, dense, substantive flesh; mild, pear-like flavour. Tree good in climates with heavy snowfall. | Cooking, eating | ||
| Malling Kent[25] | Kent, England | Raised 1949, introduced 1974 | Parentage Cox's Orange x Jonathan. Width 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in), height 58–67 mm (2.3–2.6 in). Good keeping properties. Flesh is crisp, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | PickG late October | |
| Malmbergs Gylling[20] | Sweden | <1900 | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Cooking | Pick September; use October–November | |
| Mangum[8] | Southern US | <1850 | Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use October–November | |
| Manitoba[9] | Manitoba, Canada | Selected 1925. Introduced 1931 | A yellow apple. P Duchess of Oldenburg x unknown. Flesh is white, crisp, juicy, sicy flavor, subacid. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Manitoba Spy[9] | Manitoba, Canada | Selected 1927. Introduced 1931 | Large red. P Patten Greening x unknown. Flesh is tender, juicy. | Cooking | Use November–February | |
| Manks Codlin[19][13] | Isle of Man | 1815 (first fruited) | Pale yellow medium-sized fruit with occasional flush of red (0–20%). Width 55–72 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 50–72 mm (2.0–2.8 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Hardy. Heavy producing. | Cooking | Use September–December | |
| Mann[22] | New York, US | <1872 | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Biennial. Flesh yellowish, juicy, crisp, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | Use December–April | |
| Mannington's Pearmain[83] | Sussex, England | 1770 | Flesh yellow soft juicy. Old dessert apple, of no great merit. Width 67–69 mm (2.6–2.7 in), height 58–66 mm (2.3–2.6 in). Stem long. | Eating, cooking | Pick early October; use November–March | |
| Mantet[20] | Manitoba, Canada | Selected 1928. Introduced 1929 | Yellow apple with orange overcolour. P Tetofsky x unknown. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Does not do well in warm climates. | Eating | Pickg July 20–August 15. Use August | |
| Margaret Pratt[9] | Ontario, Canada | Discovered <1923. Introduced 1938 | Nearly resembles Red Astrakan. P unknown. | Cooking | ||
| Margil ge. Muskatrenette[25][6] | England | <1750 | Highly flavoured apple held in very high esteem by connoisseurs. Width 54–66 mm (2.1–2.6 in), height 51–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Stalk 13–18 mm (0.51–0.71 in). Slightly conical in shape, dull green skin with an orange-red blush, some russeting. The yellow flesh is firm, crisp, sugary, and as pomologist Robert Hogg said, "with a powerful and delicious aromatic flavour." The very small tree is weak and slender and bears light crops. Because it flowers early, it is susceptible to frost damage. It keeps well. Introduced to Brompton Park Nursery from Versailles by Henry Wise in the early 18th century. | Eating | PickE early October; use October–January | |
| Martin 1 (syn. McLellan)[7][22] | Connecticut, US | <1870 | Yellow with red flush. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 6–16 mm (0.24–0.63 in). Biennial. Flesh is white, juicy, vinous, sweet, very good. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Martin 2[9] | Louisiana | Discovered 1936. Introduced 1943 | Yellow with red flush. P unknown | Eating | ||
| Mattamusket[7] | North Carolina, US | <1870 | Flesh is whitish yellow, crisp, subacid, good. Tree vigorous, productive. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Maunzenapfel[3] | Württemberg, Germany | c. 1900 | A small apple. Flesh is yellow to white, crisp, juicy, acid. Tree is vigorous. | Cider, juice | PickG mid-October. Use November–March. | |
| Mauss Reinette (syn. Love Beauty, Reinette de Multhaupt, Svanetorpsäpple)[19] | Germany | <1874 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Flesh juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick October; use November–December | |
| May Queen[44][11][13][6] | Worcester, England | 1888 | Large, oblate, often russetted yellow apple with bright red blush and stripes. Crisp, greenish-yellow flesh, rich, nutty flavour. Similar texture to Ribston Pippin, and in a good year, its equal in flavour. In bad years it can be rather dry and harsh. Excellent keeper. Heavy annual bearer. AGM from RHS in 1892. Width 62–78 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 51–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). | Eating | PickE early October. Use November–May | |
| McAfee (syn. McAfee Nonsuch, McAfee Red)[7] | Kentucky, US | <1870 | Once thought to be lost forever, rediscovered in 2018 in Idaho.[149] Flesh is whitish, crisp, subacid, good to very good. Stalk short. Tree very prolific and will produce huge crops of apples when mature. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| McIntosh[101][21][22][134][6][16] | Ontario, Canada | Discovered 1796, introduced 1870. | A popular, cold-tolerant eating apple in North America. Width 73–88 mm (2.9–3.5 in), height 63–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh white, very tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. DBH 120–132. Density 0.77 | Cooking (applesauce), eating, pies | Pick45 September 1. Pick55 August 20. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–December | |
| McIntosh Rogers (syn. Red McIntosh)[4][25] | New York, US | 1930. Introduced 1932 | A red mutant of McIntosh. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). | Cooking, eating | Pick mid-September; use October–December | |
| McIntosh Wijcik (see Wijcik McIntosh) | ||||||
| McLellan (see Martin 1) | ||||||
| Mc Mahon[22] | Wisconsin, US | c. 1860 | Width 94 mm (3.7 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 29 mm (1.1 in). Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | Use October–January | |
| McShay[150] | Indiana, US | Cross made 1962, first fruited 1970. | A green apple with red flush (70%). Width 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in), height 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is light green, firm, juicy, subacid, very good. Tree is vigorous. | Eating | Pick 2 week before Jonathan. Use October–November. | |
| Mecklemburger Königsapfel (syn. Roter Brasil)[19] | Germany | 1773 | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). | Cooking, eating | Pick October; use December–March | |
| Medina[9] | Geneva, New York | Introduced 1922 | P Deacon Jones x Delicious. | Eating | ||
| Mela Carlo (syn. Mela Carla, Male Carle)[10] | Italy | <1817 | A dessert apple of the most exquisite flavour. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Flesh is as melting as that of the Doyenné pear. | Eating | Pick October; use December–March | |
| Melba[20][13][6] | Ottawa, Canada | Raised 1898, Introduced 1909 | Green apple with red overcolour. Width 63–73 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). DBH 94. | Eating | Pick50 August 7. PickE early–mid-August. Use August. | |
| Melon American[10][22] | Connecticut | 1800, introduced 1845. | A first rate dessert apple. Width 68–86 mm (2.7–3.4 in), height 61–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 18–39 mm (0.71–1.54 in). Flesh yellowish, firm, fine, crisp, tender, juicy subacid and aromatic. | Eating | Use December | |
| Melon German (syn. Melonenapfel, Flaschapfel, Nonnetitte, Prinzenapfel, Pomme de Prince)[19][3] | Germany | <1788 | An oblong apple. Flesh is yellowish-white, subacid with a pleasant aroma. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 12–25 mm (0.47–0.98 in). | Eating | PickG mid-September. Use September–March | |
| Melrose 1 (syn. White Melrose)[10] | Scotland | <1800 | Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Flesh is marrow-like, with a sweet and sub-acid flavour. | Eating, cooking | Use October–January | |
| Melrose 2[9][14][6][16] | Ohio, US | Cross made 1932. Selected 1937. Introduced 1944 | A yellow to green apple with crimson flush (50%). Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). P Jonathan x Delicious. Flavour improves in storage. Flesh is coarse, aromatic, subacid. Biennial. | Eating | Pick45 October 3. Pick55 September 20. Pickg October 1–20. Use December–April. | |
| Mere de Menage (syn. Bellefleur de France) ge. Hausmütterchen sw. Husmoder fr. de Livre, Ménagère.[6][19][25][27][28] | France or Ukraine | <1800 | Large flat-round yellow apple with crimson flush (50–100%). Width 77–128 mm (3.0–5.0 in), height 67–95 mm (2.6–3.7 in). Stalk very stout (4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in)) and short (10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in)). TRI | Cooking | PickE late September. Use October–November. | |
| Merton Beauty[25][151][6] | England | 1932, selected 1946, introduced 1962 | Width 56–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 45–53 mm (1.8–2.1 in). Stalk 20–27 mm (0.79–1.06 in). P Ellisons Orange x Cox Orange. A greenish-yellow apple flushed with red. | Eating | PickE early September; use September–early October | |
| Merton Charm[6][25][152] | Surrey, England | Cross made 1933, introduced 1962 | Width 57–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in), height 47–51 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). P Rogers McIntosh x Cox Orange. AM from RHS in 1960. Pick September. Semi-weeping habit, heavy crops of small fruit unless thinned. | Eating | Pick mid-September; use September–October | |
| Merton Delight[153] | England | Introduced 1953 | P Cox Orange x Golden Russet. Flesh is tender, crisp sweet to subacid. | Eating | ||
| Merton Joy[153][152][6] | England | Cross made 1940 or 1946, introduced 1965. | Width 63–69 mm (2.5–2.7 in), height 51–58 mm (2.0–2.3 in). P (Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin) x Cox Orange. Flesh is soft, very juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | PickE early to mid-September. Use September–early October. | |
| Merton Knave[25][153][154][6] | Bayfordbury, Hertford, England | Cross made 1948 | Greenish yellow with red flush. P Laxton's Early Crimson x Epicure. Width 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 48–62 mm (1.9–2.4 in). Stalk 12–30 mm (0.47–1.18 in). Flesh faily juicy with strong aroma. | Eating | Pick mid-September; use September | |
| Merton Pippin[153] | England | Introduced 1948 | A large apple. P Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin. Flesh subacid. | Eating | ||
| Merton Prolific[153][151] | England | 1914, selected 1935 | Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Flesh sweet, subacid. P Northern Greening x Cox Orange Pippin. | Eating | Use December–January | |
| Merton Russet[153][151] | England | 1921, selected 1935, introduced 1948 | Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). P Sturmer Pippin x Cox Orange. Flesh sweet, subacid. | Eating | Use January–March | |
| Merton Worcester[25][151][6] | England | Selected 1935, introduced 1948 | Width 58–67 mm (2.3–2.6 in), height 55–57 mm (2.2–2.2 in). Stalk 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in). P Cox's Orange Pippin × Worcester Pearmain. AM from RHS in 1950. Developed at John Innes Institute. | Eating | PickE early September; use September–October | |
| Metzger[9] | Seattle, Washington | Selected 1938. Introduced 1948 | P Delicious x Unknown. | Eating | Pick early August | |
| Mexico[8] | Connecticut, US | <1850 | Round, medium-sized apple. Crimson red. Stalk long to medium. Flesh is white, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use August–September | |
| Michaelmas Red[6][151] | England | 1929, selected 1940, introduced 1945 | Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). P McIntosh x Worcester Pearmain. Flesh is soft, juicy, sweet, vinous. | Eating | Pick mid–late September; use October–December | |
| Michal[14] | Israel | Introduced 1967 | P (Calville St. Sauveur x Damascus) x Delicious. Flesh is juicy, sweet, subacid. Tree is productive. | Eating | ||
| Middle Green[11] | England | <1903 | Yellow streaked with red. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). AM from RHS in 1903. Flesh, soft, yellowish, sweet, good. | Eating | Use December–February | |
| Miami[9] | New Carlisle, Ohio, US | Discovered 1930, introduced 1935 | A red apple. Bud mutation of Stark. | Eating | ||
| Milam[8] | US | <1820 | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid or sweet. | Eating | Use December–January | |
| Miller's Seedling[6][25] | Berkshire, England | 1848 | Sweet apple. Width 60–63 mm (2.4–2.5 in), height 44–54 mm (1.7–2.1 in). Stalk 18–26 mm (0.71–1.02 in). Flesh is white, juicy, sweet. AM from RHS in 1906. Tree prefers chalky soils. | Eating | PickE mid-August; use August–September | |
| Millicent Barnes[6] | Chester, England | 1903 | A yellow apple flushed with red. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh lacks flavour. | PickE mid-September; use October–December | ||
| Milton[9] | Geneva, New York | Introduced 1923 | P Yellow Transparent x McIntosh. | Eating | ||
| Milwa (see Junami) | ||||||
| Milwaukee[22] | Wisconsin, US | <1899 | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is whitish, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Cooking | Use October–January | |
| Minister[8] | New England, US | <1850 | Tree healthy, vigorous, early bearer. Flesh, yellowish, juicy, acid. | Cooking | Use September–October | |
| Minjon[9] | Excelsior, Minnesota, US | Selected 1923, introduced 1942 | A dark red apple. P probably Wealthy x Jonathan. | Eating | ||
| Minnehaha[9] | Excelsior, Minnesota, US | Selected 1914, introduced 1920 | A dark red apple. P Malinda x unknown. | |||
| Mio[20] | Sweden | 1932 | Yellow with red flush. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 53 mm (2.1 in). P Worcester pearmain x Oranie. | Eating | Pick September; use September–October | |
| Miss Baron[11] | England | <1885 | A golden-yellow apple. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, tender, subacid. | Cooking | Use October–January | |
| Missouri Pippin[21][22] | Missouri, US | c. 1840 | Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, brisk, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | Use October–January | |
| Miss Phillimore[24][11] | England | Introduced 1900 | Yellow with red flush. P Gladstone x Lord Burghley. Flesh tender, sweet. AM from RHS in 1899. | Eating | Use October | |
| Modi[107] | Ferrara, Italy | Selected 1996 | A yellow apple with red overcolor (85–95%). Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Flesh is firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Resistant to scab. | Eating | ||
| Mollie's Delicious[14] | New Jersey, US | 1966 | Conical shape, pinkish red colour. P (Golden Delicious x Edgewood) x (Gravenstein x Close). Flesh crisp, sweet, good. Lasts long in refrigeration. Good aftertaste. | Eating | Pick55 August 10. PickE late August. Use August–September. | |
| Monarch[25][11] | Essex, England | Raised 1888, introduced 1918 | Large round-conical apple. Flesh: Coarse-textured, juicy, tender sharp. Biennial tendency. Width 73–80 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 58–70 mm (2.3–2.8 in). | Cooking | PickE mid-September; use November–January | |
| Monmouth[22] | New Jersey, US | <1848 | Width 78–85 mm (3.1–3.3 in), height 65–68 mm (2.6–2.7 in). Stalk 13–19 mm (0.51–0.75 in). Biennial. Flesh yellowish, firm, grisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, good to very good. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Monroe[9] | Geneva, New York | Cross made 1910. Introduced 1949 | A red apple. P Jonathan x Rome Beauty. | Eating | Pick50 October 4. PickE mid-October. Use November–January. | |
| Moore Extra[7] | Ohio, US | <1870 | Flesh is yellow, juicy, tender, subacid, very good. Stalk short. Tree is vigorous, not an early bearer. | Eating. | Use December–March | |
| Moore's Sweeting (see Black Sweet) | ||||||
| Morden 347[9] | Manitoba, Canada | Introduced 1941 | P Martha x Dolgo. Flesh is orange-yellow, firm, crisp, juicy. Tree is hardy, vigorous. | Eating, cooking | Pick late August | |
| Morden 352[9] | Manitoba, Canada | Introduced 1945 | P Dolgo x Haralson. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet, subacid. Tree is very hardy. | Eating, cooking | Pick late September | |
| Mother (American Mother)[155]agm[156][25][22][21][8] | Massachusetts, US | 1840 | Medium-sized yellow apple with crimson stripes and darker red blush. Width 63–77 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in). Stalk 13–23 mm (0.51–0.91 in). Flesh is fine, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, very good to best. The fruit has a balsamic aroma with a suggestion of vanilla. Cropping can be a bit irregular, if not completely biennial. A late flowering variety that avoids frost. Some resistance to scab. DBH 128. | Eating | Pick50 September 14. PickE late September. Use October–December. | |
| Munson (syn. Meachem Sweet, Rag Apple)[22] | Possibly Massachusetts, US | <1849 | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, sweet, good to very good. | Eating | Use late September–December | |
| Munson Sweet (syn. Orange Sweet, Ray Apple, Meachem Sweet)[8] | New England, US | <1850 | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Tree is vigorous, productive, a regular bearer. Flesh is juicy, very sweet. | Baking | Use September–February | |
| Murray[4] | Canada | 1980 | ||||
| Muscadet de Dieppe | Normandy, France | c. 1750 | Commonly used in making Calvados brandy. Yellowish green apple with red striping or reddish pink blush. Too tart to eat. | Cider | ||
| Musch[4] | Belgium | 1872 | Eating | Pick September; use November–December | ||
| Musk (see Carlisle Codlin) | ||||||
| Muster[8] | Indianapolis, US | <1850 | Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Cooking, eating | Use November–January | |
| Mutsu[25][151][16] | Aomori Prefecture, Japan | Cross made 1930, first fruited 1937, named 1948 | Known as "Crispin" in the United Kingdom. Width 73–77 mm (2.9–3.0 in), height 70–73 mm (2.8–2.9 in). Stalk 22–30 mm (0.87–1.18 in). P Golden Delicious x Indo. Flesh is aromatic, subacid. Tree is very vigorous. TRI | Eating, pies | Pick55 September 25. PickE mid-October. Pickg October 15–30. Use late October–early April | |
| My Jewel | Watsonville, California | c. 1940[157] | Originated as a chance seedling, a cross between Winter Banana and Golden Delicious.[158] Yellow colour. October harvest. Still used in cider blends by Martinelli's[159] | Eating, cooking, cider |
N
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nanny[10][11] | Surrey or Sussex, England | 1842 | A dessert apple of excellent quality. Flesh greenish yellow, tender. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). | Eating | PickE mid-September; use October | |
| Nathusius Taubenapfel[35] | Germany | 1824 | A conical apple. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). | Eating | Use December–April | |
| Nelson Codlin[10] | England | <1850 | Large yellow. A first rate culinary apple | Cooking | Use September–January | |
| Newell-Kimzey (see Airlie Red Flesh) | ||||||
| Newfane[9] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1927 | P Deacon Jones x Delicious. Flesh, tender, juicy. Ripens with Delicious. | Eating | ||
| Newton Wonder[6][25] | Derbyshire, England | <1887 | A yellow apple flushed with red. FCC from RHS in 1887. Width 89–92 mm (3.5–3.6 in), height 70–73 mm (2.8–2.9 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Medium round and even, beautifully striped and flushed. Very good cooker. Cooks to juicy, brisk, well-flavoured purée, but with less acidity than Bramley. Prolific bearer, can be harvested in winter. | Cooking | PickE mid-October; use November–March | |
| Newtown Delicious[9] | Washington, US | Introduced c. 1937 | P Yellow Newtown x Delicious. Tree vigorous, heavy bearer. | Cooking, eating | ||
| Newtown Pippin (Albemarle Pippin)[8][6][21][22] | Queens County, New York | 1759 | Best known colonial apple in North America. Known favourite of Ben Franklin and Thomas Jefferson. Medium to large, often irregularly shaped apple. Greenish-yellow, dotted, often russeted. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Tough skin, flesh cream to greenish-white, very quickly browning. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, moderately fine-grained, aromatic, subacid, best. Biennial habit, slow to come into bearing. Good keeper, improves with storage. Prized for its clear juice in cider making. Two sports, Green Newtown Pippin and Yellow Newtown Pippin, differ only in skin colour. | Cooking, eating, cider | PickE late October; use November–March | |
| Newtown Spitzenburgh[7][8][22] | Newtown, Long Island, US | 1817 | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, vinous, subacid. | Eating | Use October–February | |
| Niagara[92] | Geneva, New York, US | Selected 1950, introduced 1962. | A yellow apple with red flush and stripes. Flesh: white, fine, crisp, tender, aromatic, subacid. | Eating | Pick50 September 8. PickE early September. | |
| Nickajack (syn. Caroline, Berry, Aberdeen, Trenham, Alleghany, Chaltram Pippin)[7][8][22] | North Carolina, United States | c. 1810 | Native American origin, believed to be originally grown by Cherokee along banks of Nickajack Creek. Only grown in Appalachians, favourite of later settlers for desserts. Rusty red colour with sweet, crisp taste. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). | Cooking, eating | Use December–April | |
| Nicola[102] | Summerland, Canada | Cross made 1981, selected 1988 | A large apple with 85% red overcolor. P Splendour x Gala. Flesh: light yellow, juicy, firm, crisp. | Eating | ||
| Nonpareil[6][25] | France | 1500s | A yellowish green apple. Width 58–65 mm (2.3–2.6 in), height 48–52 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 18–28 mm (0.71–1.10 in). | Eating | Pick mid-October; use December–March | |
| Nordhausen (syn. Schöner von Nordhausen)[3] | Germany | 1892 | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in), weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 6–13 mm (0.24–0.51 in). Flesh is crisp, subacid to acid. VitC 6. Density 0.74 | Cooking | Pick October; use January–April | |
| Norfolk Beauty[25][11][24] | Norfolk, England | introduced 1902 | Pale cream in colour when cooked. Width 80–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 67–71 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in). P Harvey x Hawthornden. FCC from RHS in 1902. | Cooking | Pick early September; use October–December | |
| Norfolk Beefing (syn. Catshead Beaufin, Taliesin)[10][11][24] | Norfolk, England | c. 1800 | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk short. Flesh has a brisk and pleasant flavour. TRI | Baking | Pick October; use January–June | |
| Norfolk Pippin (see Adams Pearmain) | ||||||
| Norfolk Royal[25] | England | 1908 | A truncate conical apple. Flesh crisp, juicy and well-flavoured. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in). | Eating | Pick late September; use September–February | |
| Norman's Pippin[44] | Belgium | <1900 | Conical grey green with russet, flesh mellow, of fine flavour. AGM from RHS in 1900. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). | Eating | Use January–March | |
| Northern Greening[44][11] | Yorkshire, England | 1826 | Medium, oval, conical, pea green to pale yellow, with red stripes and faint brown flush. Flesh tender, greenish, acid. Growth vigorous. | Cooking | Pick mid-October; use December–April | |
| Northern Spy[8][6][21][22] | New York | c. 1800 | Tart, firm, stores very well. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Noted for being excellent choice for making American-style apple pie. Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Sometimes used as a rootstock. | Cider, cooking, eating | Pick45 October 10. Pick55 September 25. PickE mid-October. Use November–March. | |
| North Western Greening[22][21] | Wisconsin, US | <1872 | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Biennial. Flesh is yellowish, crisp, firm, juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Cooking, eating | Pick45 September 18. Use January–April | |
| Notarisappel[92] | Lunteren, Netherlands | 1890. Introduced 1899. | A large apple greenish-yellow with orange stripes. Width 87 mm (3.4 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is soft white, subacid, very good. | Eating. | PickE late September. Use September–November. | |
| Nova Easygro[148] | Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada | Cross made 1956, introduced 1971 | A greenish yellow apple striped or blushed with red. Flesh is creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 1. Use September–October. | |
| Nu-Jon[9] | Washington, US | Introduced 1949 | P unknown. A large red striped apple. | |||
| Nutmeg Pippin[6] | England, UK | 1920 | A conical apple; width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Flesh is juicy, with a nutty flavour. | Eating | PickE late September; use December–March | |
| Nyack[8] | New York, US | <1850 | Flesh white, juicy, acid, rich. | Eating | Use December |
O
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oakland[22] | Michigan, US | <1883 | Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Biennial. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, sweet, crisp, good. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Oberdieck's Taubenapfel[35] | Germany | <1860 | A conical apple. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). | Eating | Use December–February | |
| Ogden[9] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1928 | P Zusoff x McIntosh. Flesh is white, aromatic, sweet. | Baking | ||
| Ohio Nonpareil[8] | Ohio, US | <1853 | Width 95 mm (3.7 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid. Tree is vigorous, healthy. DBH 137. | Cooking, eating, drying | Use September–December. Pick50 September 18. | |
| Ohio Pippin[8] | Ohio, US | <1867 | Width 99 mm (3.9 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Tree is healthy, vigorous. Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, acid to subacid. | Cooking | Use December–January | |
| Oldenburg[4][3][16] | Geisenheim, Germany | 1897 | A yellow-green apple with red flush. P Minister von Hammerstein x Baumanns Renette. Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. VitC 3. Density 0.80 | Eating | Pick September; use October–December | |
| Oldenburg 2 (see Duchess of Oldenburg) | ||||||
| Oliver[22] | Arkansas | <1873 | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is whitish, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, sweet, good to very good. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Ontario[3][6][4][11][117][22][16] | Ontario, Canada | Cross made 1820. Introduced 1882. | A large apple, greenish-yellow with purple flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Weight 191 g (6.7 oz). P Wagener x Northern Spy. VitC 16–30. Density 0.83 | Eating, cooking, juice | PickE mid-October. PickG late October–early November. Pickg October 23–November 7. Use November–April | |
| Opal | Czech Republic | 1999 | Firm, fine to medium grained, medium juicy, full flavoured, sweet, mild-subacid. Golden Delicious x Topaz.[160] | Eating | PickE early September. Use September–October. | |
| Opalescent[22][21] | Ohio, US | <1899 | Width 98 mm (3.9 in), height 92 mm (3.6 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. | Eating | Use November–February | |
| Orin | Fukushima, Japan | 1952 | Sweet and distinctive fragrance. Notes of pineapple. Medium hardness. Golden Delicious x Indo. | Eating | PickE late October. Use November–January. | |
| Oriole[9] | Minnesota, US | Introduced 1949 | P unknown. Flesh is tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid. | Cooking, eating | Pick August. Use August. | |
| Orleans[9][26] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1924 | A yellow apple, sttriped with red. P Deacon Jones x Delicious. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). | Eating | PickE late September. Use October–January | |
| Orleans Reinette (syn. Golden Reinette)[25][26] | Orleans, France | <1776 | Medium flat, rich red and golden russet. Reliable bearer. Width 62–74 mm (2.4–2.9 in), height 58–62 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 6–20 mm (0.24–0.79 in). E VitC 22. Flesh is creamy white, firm, complex flavour, similar to Blenheim Orange, but not related. TRI | Eating | PickE mid-October; use December–February | |
| Ortley (syn. White Bellflower, Cleopatra)[8][6][21] | New Jersey, US | <1850 | A large yellow apple with red flush. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh yellowish, crisp, tender, juicy, acid to subacid, very good. Tree vigorous, very productive. | Cooking, eating | PickE late October; use November–January | |
| Osceola[8] | Indiana, US | <1850 | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use January–March | |
| Oskaloosa (syn. Jack, Apple)[7] | Iowa, US | <1850 | Flesh is juicy, subacid. Tree is a moderate grower, early but not an abundant bearer. | Use November | ||
| Owen Thomas[5][25] | Bedfordshire, England | Raised 1897, introduced 1920 | Width 57–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 7–15 mm (0.28–0.59 in). Green with orange flush. P Cox Orange x Gladstone. Flesh is greenish-white, soft, juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | Pick mid-August; use late August–early September. | |
| Ozark Gold | Missouri, US | 1970 | Light green with pink blush. Has taste with notes of honey. | Eating | PickE late September–early October. Use October–December. |
P
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pacific Rose | New Zealand | 1995 | Extremely crisp, sweet apple. Also grows well in California. | Eating | ||
| Pam's Delight | Bedfordshire, England | 1958 | A medium-sized apple with a red blush. Flesh is crisp, juicy and sweet-tasting.[161] | Eating | ||
| Paragon[21] | Tennessee, US | c. 1830 | Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good to very good. | |||
| Park (syn. Park Spice, Park Apple)[7] | New York, US | <1870 | Flesh is yellowish, firm, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. Stalk is short. Tree is very productive. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Paroquet[11] | Berkshire, England | <1899 | A red apple with russet. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk is short. AM from RHS in 1899. Flesh is yellowish, tender, fair. | Eating, cooking | Use October–January | |
| Parry White[22][21] | Possibly Pennsylvania, US | <1872 | Width 59–71 mm (2.3–2.8 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Use late August–October | |
| Pater van den Elzen[13] | Limburg, Netherlands | Introduced 1934 | A yellow apple with red flush (50–90%). Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). | Cooking | Use January–March | |
| Patten[22] | Wisconsin, US | <1869 | Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 10–17 mm (0.39–0.67 in). Flesh is tender, juicy, subacid, good. | Cooking | Use October–January | |
| Patricia[9] | Ontario, Canada | Selected 1920 | P McIntosh x unknown. Tree is a heavy bearer. | Eating | PickE mid-September. Use October–November. | |
| Paula Red | Kent County, Michigan, US | 1960s | Firm white flesh; McIntosh mutation. | Eating | Pick45 August 15. Pick55 August 3. PickE early–mid-September. Use October–November. | |
| Pawpaw (syn. Western Baldwin, Rubicon, Ball Apple)[7] | Michigan, US | <1875 | Flesh is yellowish, juicy, firm, brisk, subacid, very good. Stalk is medium length. Tree is hardy, and a regular bearer. | Eating | Use December–June | |
| Payette[9] | Idaho | Selected 1936. Introduced 1944. | A red apple. P Ben Davis x Wagener. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use November–April. | |
| Peacemaker[44] | Berkshire, England | <1913 | Round and smooth, with crimson flush and stripings. Resembles Charles Ross in general charasteristics. AGM from RHS in 1913. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). | Eating | PickE early September. Use September–October. | |
| Peach-Pound Sweet[7] | New York, US | <1875 | Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet. Very good. | Eating | Use September–November | |
| Pearl[6] | Essex, England | 1983 | Yellow apple flushed with red on 50%. P Worcester Pearmain x Rival. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is creamy white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | PickE late September–early October; use October–November | |
| Pease (syn. Walter Pease, Pease Walter)[22] | Connecticut, US | <1895 | Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh is whitish, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good to very good. | Eating | Pick late September–early August; use October–January | |
| Peasgood's Nonsuch agm[162][25][27] | England | 1858 | Width 83–92 mm (3.3–3.6 in), height 70–76 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). A very large yellowish-green apple, deepening to orange-yellow, flushed and striped red with some russet patches. Flesh is white, sweet and juicy. Good eating and superb for cooking. Large, hardy and heavy cropping tree. Apples can weigh up to half a kilogram, and are famously large enough to make a pie from a single apple. VitC 13. | Cooking, eating | PickE mid-September. Use September–December. | |
| Peck's Pleasant (syn. Waltz Apple)[7][8][22][21] | Connecticut, US | Yellow with red flush. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in). Stalk 9–13 mm (0.35–0.51 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, highly aromatic, very good to best. | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use November–March | ||
| Pederstrup[19][26] | Denmark | <1828 | A medium-sized cooking apple. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). | Cooking | PickE late September. Use November–January | |
| Pekka[32] | Finland | Introduced 1999 | A dark red apple. Flesh is subacid, sweet. P Lobo x Huvitus. | Eating | Pick mid-September; use September–October | |
| Pennock (syn. Romanie, Big Romanie, Pennock's Red Winter)[8] | Pennsylvania, US | <1840 | Stalk is short. Flesh is yellow, subacid. Quality poor. Tree is vigorous, very productive. | Cooking | Use December | |
| Perry Russet[8] | US | <1850 | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is yellow, acid. | Cooking, eating | Use December–January | |
| Petteri[32] | Finland | Introduced 2003 | A dark red appel. P Lobo x Huvitus. Flesh is subacid, aromatic. | Eating | Pick late August | |
| Pewaukee[21][22] | Wisconsin, US | c. 1870 | Tree vigorous. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is white, firm tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | PickE early October. Use November–April | |
| Pfirsichroter Sommerapfel[35][13] | France | <1830 | Yellow with red flush. Width 62–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 50–54 mm (2.0–2.1 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). VitC 14 | Eating | PickE August; use August–September. | |
| Pickard's Reserve[8] | Indiana, US | <1850 | Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is whitish-yellow, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Cooking, eating | Use December–January | |
| Pikant[3][16] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | Introduced 1988 | A green to yellow apple with red overcolor (70–80%). P Undine x Carola. Flesh ks juicy, subacid. | Eating, cooking, juice | PickG early–mid-September. Use September–December. | |
| Pilot[3] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | Developed 1962, introduced 1988 | A conical apple, yellow with red flush. Width 65–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), weight 120 g (4.2 oz). P Clivia x Undine. Flesh is yellowish, crisp, aromatic, subacid. | Eating | PickE mid-October. PickG early–mid-October; use February–July | |
| Pimona[3] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | Introduced 1985 | P Clivia x Undine. Flesh is crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Eating, cooking | ||
| Pine Golden Pippin[6] | UK | <1861 | A golden yellow apple with russet. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh is white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, aromatic. | Eating | PickE early October. Use November–February | |
| Pink Lady (see Cripps Pink) | ||||||
| Pink Pearl[9] | California, US | Introduced 1944 | Noted for having bright pink flesh. P Surprise x unknown. Sweet. Possibly has crab apple in its ancestry. Makes cider with a reddish tint if pressed. | Eating | Pick September | |
| Pinova[3] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | 1965, introduced 1986 | Bred in Germany over an 18-year period. Marketed as "Piñata" in the United States. Fragrant smell, thin skin and balanced sweet and tart flavour profile. From Clivia x Golden Delicious. Width 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), weight 125 g (4.4 oz). Stalk 30 mm (1.2 in). Flesh is yellowish, crisp, subacid, aromatic. | Cooking, eating | PickE early–mid-October. PickG mid–late October; use December–May | |
| Pirja[32] | Finland | Introduced 1980 | A red apple. P Huvitus x Melba. Flesh subacid. | Eating | Pick early August | |
| Piros[16][3] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | 1963. Introduced 1985 | A green apple with red flush. P Helios x Apollo. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 26 mm (1.0 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | PickG early August; use August–September | |
| Pitmaston Pineapple[6] | Moseley, Worcester, England | c. 1785 | A dessert apple known since 1785. Small oblong apples with a yellow-green russeted skin. Width 53 mm (2.1 in), height 49 mm (1.9 in). Stalk medium. Flesh is yellow, firm, juicy, intense nutty, honeyed flavour with, as the name suggests, tropical undertones and some balancing acidity. Trees are biennial but produce heavy crops in the 'on' year. | Eating | Pick mid-September; use October–December | |
| Pixie agm[163][25] | England | 1947 | Resistant to scab and mildew. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is creamy white, crisp, intensely aromatic, Cox-like flavour, but sharper. FCC from RHS in 1972. | Eating | Pick early–mid-October; use December–March | |
| Pixie Crunch (syn. Coop 33)[164] | New Jersey, US | Cross made 1971, selected 1978 | A greenish-yellow apple with purple-red overcolor (90–100%). Width 66–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in), height 56–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). SS 12.3. Flesh is yellow-white, crisp, breaking, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick September 12–18. Use September–November. | |
| Pohorka[3] | Yugoslavia | 1960 | P Cox Orange x Ontario. Flesh is juicy, aromatic, subacid. | Eating | PickE late October. PickG early October. Use December–June. | |
| Pomme Grise[8][7][22][21] | <1850 | Width 61–63 mm (2.4–2.5 in), height 45–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in). Stalk 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, aromatic, subacid, delicious. | Eating | Use January–March | ||
| Pomme Royale (see Dyer) | ||||||
| Pommerscher Krummstiel (syn. Krummstiel, Krummstengel, Gestreifter Römerapfel)[12] | Vorpommern, Germany | <1798 | 65–80|mm}. Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, subacid. Quality: cooking good, eating fair. | Cooking | Pick October; use November–February | |
| Ponyik alma (syn. Poinikapfel)[165] | Hungary | <1872 | A green yellow apple with brown overcolour. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). | Eating | PickE mid-October. Use November–January. | |
| Poorhouse[7] | Kentucky, US | <1880 | Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid. Very good. | Eating | Use December | |
| Porter's[8][21][22] | Sherburne, Massachusetts, US | <1850 | Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Smallish, squat, deep golden yellow colour with red blush and firm, Flesh is yellow, fine-grained, aromatic, subacid, good to very good. Tree is vigorous, healthy, productive. | Eating, cooking, cider | Use August–October. Pick E September. | |
| Pott's Seedling[6] | Cheshire, England | 1849 | Pale green to yellow colour. Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk length is variable. Flesh is greenish white, soft, acid. | Cooking | Pick early September; use September–October | |
| Pound Sweet (syn. Briar Sweet)[22] | Manchester, Connecticut, US | 1834 | Amber coloration. Used mostly for making apple butter. Russets. Does well in moderate cold. Suitable to areas with snowy winters. | Cooking | ||
| Prairie Spy[9] | Excelsior, Minnesota | Cross made 1913, selected 1923, introduced 1940. | P unknown. Flesh is crisp, juicy. Fruit most nearly resembles Northern Spy. | Eating, cooking | Pick October | |
| Present van Holland[13] | Netherlands | Introduced 1940 | A yellow to greenish apple with red stripes. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is white, juicy, subacid. P Present van Engeland x Brabant Bellefleur. | Eating | Use January–April | |
| Priam[166][167] | Lafayette, Indiana, US | Cross made 1951, first fruited 1956, introduced 1971 | Greenish yellow, striped or blushed with red. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh is creamy white, crisp, subacid. Ripens with Cortland. | Eating | Pick one week before Delicious. Use October–January. | |
| Priestly[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1870 | Flesh is white, juicy, aromatic. Tree is vigorous, productive. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Prima (syn. Co-op 2)[168] | United States | 1958, introduced 1970 | Resistant to scab and most diseases. Ripens 3 weeks before Jonathan. | Eating | Pick45 September 3. Pick55 August 27. | |
| Primevére[169] | New York, US | Cross made 1962. Selected 1969. | A red apple. Width 68–76 mm (2.7–3.0 in), height 65–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is pale green, firm, crisp. Tree is vigorous. | Eating | Pick October 7–10. Use October–March. | |
| Primate (syn. Scott, Powers, July Apple)[7][22][21][8] | US | <1830 | Width 72–94 mm (2.8–3.7 in), height 62–76 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 16–25 mm (0.63–0.98 in). Tree is hardy, very productive. Flesh is white, tender, subacid, very good or best. | Eating | Pick late August; use September–October | |
| Primicia[14][170] | New Jersey, US/Brazil | Cross made 1975, selected 1982. | Yellow with red overcolor (80–100%). P D1R101T117 x D1R103T245. Flesh is juicy, subacid, fair. Tree is very productive. | Eating | Pick 3 week before Gala. | |
| Primula[4] | Poland | |||||
| Princesa[14] | Brazil | Introduced 1988 | P NJ 56 x Anna. Flesh is sweet, subacid. | Eating | ||
| Priscilla (syn. Co-op 4)[168] | US | Introduced 1972 | A red apple. | Eating | Pick45 September 4. Pick55 August 28. | |
| Pristine (syn. Coop 32)[171] | West Lafayette, Indiana, United States | Cross made 1974, selected 1982, introduced 1994 | A lemon yellow apple. Resistant to most diseases. Width 64–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 56–66 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Flesh is yellow, crisp, subacid. | Eating | Pick45 July 30. Pick55 July 20. Use August. | |
| Pryor Red[7] | US | <1850 | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh is yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use January–March | |
| Pumpkin Sweet[7][22][21][8] | Connecticut, US | <1834 | A very large sweet apple. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Biennial. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, very sweet, peculiar flavor. Quality good for baking. | Baking, cooking | Use September–October | |
| Purpurroter Cousinot, du. Roode Kroons-Appel[26] | Possibly Holland | <1760 | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in). | Cooking, juice | Use December–May. |
Q
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Queen[6][25][13] | Essex, England | Raised 1858, introduced 1880 | Large cooking apple. FCC from RHS in 1880. Width 78–89 mm (3.1–3.5 in), height 57–64 mm (2.2–2.5 in). Stalk 13–18 mm (0.51–0.71 in). | Cooking | Pick late August; use September–December | |
| Quince (syn. Cole's Quince)[8] | US | <1850 | A medium-sized ribbed apple. Flesh is yellowish-white, juicy, aromatic, subacid. | Cooking | Use November–January | |
| Quinte[20] | Canada | 1964 | A red oblong apple. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). P Crimson Beauty x Red Melba. | Eating | Pick August | |
| Quittenförmiger Gulderling[35] | Germany | <1830 | Width 62–78 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 56–80 mm (2.2–3.1 in). Stalk 6 mm (0.24 in). | Cooking | Use November–February |
R
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Råby Rubin[68] | Sweden | c. 1960 | A small greenish-yellow apple with red flush. Flesh is juicy, subacid, aromatic, good. | Eating | Pick October; use October–December | |
| Ragan (syn. Ragan's Red)[7] | Indiana, US | <1870 | A green apple striped with red. Flesh is yellowish-white, pleasant, juicy, spicy, subacid. Tree is hardy, vigorous. | Eating | Use October–November | |
| Rainha[14] | Brazil | 1975 | P Golden Delicious x Valinhense. Flesh is sweet, subacid. | Eating | ||
| Rajka | Czechoslovakia | Scab-resistant cross of Rezista x Rome | Eating | |||
| Ralls Genet (syn. Ralls)[21][22] | Virginia, US | c. 1800 | Biennial. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. | Eating | Use November–April | |
| Rambo (syn. Romanite of New Yersey, Bread and Cheese)[8] | US | <1850 | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is greenish-white, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, vinous. DBH 160. | Cooking, eating | Pick50 October 10. Use October–December | |
| Rambour de Flandre (see Flandrischer Rambour) | ||||||
| Rambour d'Hiver (syn. Rambour Rouge, Rambour Doux)[172][27][28] | France | 1628 | A green apple with red stripes. Width 75–105 mm (3.0–4.1 in), height 55–85 mm (2.2–3.3 in), weight 280 g (9.9 oz). Stalk 16–19 mm (0.63–0.75 in). | Eating, cooking | ||
| Rambour Franc (syn. Lothringer Rambour, Müschens Rosenapfel)[35] | France | 1665 | Yellow green with red flush. Width 87–112 mm (3.4–4.4 in), height 60–86 mm (2.4–3.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). DBH 119. | Eating, cooking | Pick50 September 4. Use October–November | |
| Rambour Papeleu[35] | Crimera, Ukraine | 1850 | Green with red flush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). | Eating, cooking | Pick October; use October–December | |
| Ramsdell (syn. Ramsdell Sweet, Hurlbut)[8] | Connecticut, US | c. 1838 | Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 89 mm (3.5 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, very sweet, good to very good. | Baking | Use September–December | |
| Reanda[16] | Germany | 1993 | A red apple resistant to scab and fire-blight. | Eating, cooking | Pick September; use October–January | |
| Rebella[102] | Dresden-Pilnitz, Germany | Selected 1986 | A yellow apple with red overcolor. Flesh is creamy-white, crisp, firm, aromatic. Resistant to apple scab, powdery mildew and fire blight. | Eating | ||
| Red and Green Sweet[22] | US | <1817 | Stalk short to medium. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, sweet. | Eating | Use August–September | |
| Red Astrachan[10][21][8][22][27][28] | Russia or Sweden | c. 1800 | 60–82|mm}, height 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in). Stalk 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in). Flesh is white, fine, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. The tree does not attain a large size. VitC 12. | Cooking | Pick August; use August | |
| Red Canada (syn. Poland, Richfield Nonsuch)[7][8][21][22] | US | <1820 | Width 74–81 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 61–67 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Stalk 17–21 mm (0.67–0.83 in). Flesh is white, tender, crisp. Very good. | Eating | Use January–May | |
| Red Delicious[101][25] | Iowa, US | c. 1870 | Unmistakable for its acutely conic shape, dark red colour and telltale bumps on bottom. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 19–22 mm (0.75–0.87 in). Flavour is sweet and mild. Extremely poor choice for cooking or cider; tastes terrible in pies. Original seedling known as "Hawkeye." Rights bought by Stark Brothers in 1893. First marketed as "Delicious" or "Stark's Delicious," name changed to "Red Delicious" in 1914 when Stark bought the rights to Mullin's Yellow Seedling, changing that apple's name to "Yellow Delicious". Red Delicious has many sports and ranks as the world's most prolific apple. | Eating | Pick45 October 12. Pick55 September 10. Use December–March | |
| Red Duchess[9] | New York, US | 1914. Introduced 1937 | A red mutant of Duchess. | |||
| Red Falstaff agm[173] | Falstaff sport with red/orange flush to the skin, late, prolific | Eating | ||||
| Redfree (syn. Coop 13)[174] | US | Introduced 1981 | A yellow apple with red stripes (80–90%). P Raritan x PRI 1018–101. Flesh is firm, subacid, good. Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). | Eating | Pick45 August 15. Pick55 August 5. Use August–September. | |
| Redgold[9] | Washington | Selected 1936, introduced 1946 | P Golden Delicious x Richared Delicious. | Eating | ||
| Red Graham[9] | Manistee, Michigan | Discovered 1926. Introduced 1936 | Mutation of Northern Spy. | Cooking | Ripens with McIntosh. | |
| Red Gravenstein[175] | Washington, US | c. 1908 | A red sport of Gravenstein. DBH 109. | Eating, cooking, pie | Pick50 August 22. | |
| Red June (syn. Carolina Red June)[22]<ref[7][8][21] | North Carolina, US | <1848 | Flesh white, fine, tender juicy, subacid, good to very good. Width 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 13–20 mm (0.51–0.79 in). | Eating | Use August–October | |
| Red Prince | Weert, Netherlands | 1994 | Medium-sized, conic, uniform deep red skin. Flesh is white, crisp, sweet and juicy, with hints of cherry and almond. Excellent keeper. Chance seedling (a natural cross of Jonathan and Golden Delicious) discovered in 1994. Marketed throughout Europe, in 2001, Global Fruit in Ontario became exclusive growers of the variety in North America. | Eating, cooking | ||
| Red Russet[7] | New Hampshire, US | <1875 | Stalk is short. Flesh is yellow, crisp, tender, subacid. Very good. | Eating | Use January–April | |
| Red Sauce[9] | Geneva, New York, US | 1917, introduced 1926 | P Deacon Jones x Wealthy. Flesh is subacid. | Cooking | Use October | |
| Red Spy[9] | New York, US | Introduced 1923 | Mutation of Northern Spy. | Cooking | ||
| Red Stripe[8] | Possibly Indiana, US | <1850 | Stalk is short. Flesh is whitish, tender, acid, juicy. | Cooking, eating | Use July–August | |
| Red Striped Graham[9] | Manistee, Michigan, US | Discovered 1926, introduced 1936 | A striped apple. Bud mutation of Northern Spy. Tree growth is similar to Northern Spy. | Ripens with McIntosh | ||
| Red Winesap[9] | Washington, US | Introduced 1930 | P unknown. | |||
| Red York Imperial (see Colora Red York) | ||||||
| Reglindis[16] | Germany | 1990 | Yellow with red flush. Sugar 10.6%, acid 0.83%, juice yield 80%. | Cooking, juice | Pick September; use October–November | |
| Reinette Coulon[113] | Belgium | 1856 | Width 80–90 mm (3.1–3.5 in), height 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in). TRI | Cooking | Pick late October; use December–March | |
| Reinette de Breda (see Breda Reinette) | ||||||
| Reinette de Bretange[35] | France | <1850 | Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh is sweet, crisp. | Eating, cooking, cider | Use November–February | |
| Reinette de Caux (see Dutch Mignonne) | ||||||
| Reinette de Champagne[16][35] | France | 1770 | A green apple. Width 66–79 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 48–58 mm (1.9–2.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, acid. VitC 12. Density 0.84 | Cooking, eating | PickG late October. Pickg October 23–30. Use February–May | |
| Reinette de Cuzy[27][28] | A yellow or green apple with russet and some red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). | Use December–May. | ||||
| Reinette de Montmorency[35] | <1800 | A gelb apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet. | Cooking, eating | Use January–May | ||
| Reinnete Diel[10] | Belgium | <1840 | A beautiful dessert apple of first quality. Width 50 mm (2.0 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). The tree is a healthy and vigorous grower. | Eating | Use December–March | |
| Reinette Dippedalle[35] | France | <1850 | Green with red flush. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). | Cooking, eating | Use December–April | |
| Reinette du Canada (ge Kanadarenette, Pariser Ramburrenette)[3][11][26] | Normandy, France | 1771 | Despite its name, it is an old French cultivar of domesticated apple. It is a reinette type of golden apple, with much russeting, which keeps shape in cooking. AM from RHS in 1901. If stored for some time it gets softer and is good to eat. Width 90–100 mm (3.5–3.9 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), weight 170 g (6.0 oz). Flesh is crisp, subacid, juicy. VitC 17. Density 0.80 | Eating, cooking, baking, juice | Use December–March | |
| Reinette Franche[10][27][28] | France | <1700 | A dessert apple of first-rate quality. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 62–77 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 11–20 mm (0.43–0.79 in). The tree is a free grower, but subject to canker. | Eating | Use November–April | |
| Reinette Grise (ge. Graue Französische Renette)[10][26][28] | France | <1800 | A very fine dessert apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). The tree is a healthy and vigororus grower, and an excellent bearer. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, subacid. | Eating, juice, drying | Use November–May | |
| Reinette Grise d'Automne (ge. Graue Herbstrenette)[26] | France or Holland | A greenish-yellow apple with russet. Width 65–85 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 50–75 mm (2.0–3.0 in). C 18. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, subacid. | Eating, juice, drying | Use October–January. | ||
| Reinette grise (de. Saintonge)[27] | A green apple with russet. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). | Use January–April | ||||
| Reinette Middelburg[35] | Netherlands | <1850 | Yellow conical. Width 56–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 52–62 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). | Cooking, eating | Use December–April | |
| Reinette Rouge Etoilée (syn. Reinette Etoilée) (ge. Rote Sternrenette, du. Sterappel)[6][26] | Belgium or Netherlands | 1830 | Round red apple. No ribs. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk is short and stout. Flesh is white, dry, subacid. VitC 3–14. Density 0.83 | Eating | Use October–December | |
| Reinette Russet[176] | Angers, France | Selected 1979 | Mutation of King of the Pippins. Width 63–76 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 52–62 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Weight 117–204 g (4.1–7.2 oz). SS 14.9%, TA 1% | Cider | ||
| Reinette Simerenko (see Wood's Greening) | ||||||
| Reka[16] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | 1984, introduced 1993 | A green apple with red flush. | Eating | Pick September; use September–October | |
| Relinda[16] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | 1993 | A scab resistant red apple. P Undine x F3. | Eating, cooking | Pick October; use December–March | |
| Remo[16] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | Introduced 1990 | A green apple with red overcolor (50–100%). Resistant to powdery mildew, scab and fire blight. Sugar 12.9%. TA 1.58%. | Juice | Pick September. Use September–October. | |
| Renown[11] | 1908 | A conical uneven apple, covered with red flush. P Peasgood Nonsuch x Cox Orange. AM from RHS in 1908. Flesh is pale yellow firm, good. Raised by Charles Ross. | Cooking, eating | |||
| Rescue[9] | Saskatchewan, Canada | Introduced 1933 | P Blushed Calville x unknown. | Eating | Pick late August | |
| Retina[16][177] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | 1991 | A yellow apple with red flush. P Apollo x F3. Resistant to scab. | Eating, cooking | Pick September; use October | |
| Rev. W. Wilks[66][6][25] | Slough, Buckinghamshire, England | 1904, introduced 1908 | P Peasgood's Nonsuch x Ribston Pippin. Pastel green with a light pink flush. Very disease-resistant. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in). Cooks to a light, pale puree, hardly needing any sugar. AM from RHS in 1904. FCC from RHS in 1910. Nearly resistant to apple scab and apple canker. | Cooking | Pick early September; use September–November | |
| Rewena[16] | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany | 1991 | A green apple with purple overcolour (up to 80%). Resistant to scab, powdery mildew and fire-blight. P BV 67,47 x F3 | Eating, cooking | Pick August; use September | |
| Rheinisher Krummstiel[26][35][3] | Germany | <1828 | A yellow apple, striped with red. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in). C 5. Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, crisp juicy, subacid. | Cooking, eating, juice | PickG late October. Use December–April. | |
| Rheinische Schafsnase[35][12] | Germany | <1886 | Width 71–84 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 64–83 mm (2.5–3.3 in). Stalk 9–15 mm (0.35–0.59 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet. | Cooking | Use December–February | |
| Rheinischer Winterrambour (syn. Winterrambour)[3] | Germany | <1650 | A large apple. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, sweet. VitC 15. TRI | Eating, cooking | PickG early October. Use December–March. | |
| Rhode Island Greening (syn. Burlington Greening, Russine, Bell Dubois, Jersey Greening)[7][22][21] | Newport, Rhode Island, US | 1650s | Extremely old variety for United States, second only to Roxbury Russet in age. Width 81–93 mm (3.2–3.7 in), height 65–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Stalk 16–24 mm (0.63–0.94 in). Grass-green colour with some possible russeting near stem. Bred to keep over winter; will store well. Occasional reddish pink blush. Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Excellent choice for pies and strudels when used for baking. | Cider, cooking | Use November–February | |
| Ribston Pippin (syn. Formosa Pippin, Travers Pippin)[11] agm[178][25][21][8][22][27][13] | Knaresborough, North Yorkshire, England | 1708 | An irregularly-shaped and sometimes lopsided apple, usually round to conical and flattened at the base with distinct ribbing. Width 70–78 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 58–62 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in). Skin is yellow with an orange blush and red streaked with russet dots. Yellow flesh is firm, fine-grained, crisp, juicy, aromatic and with a pear-like flavour, subacid, very good. The original Ribston Pippin sprouted in 1708 from one of three apple pips sent from Normandy to Sir Henry Goodricke, 4th Baronet of Ribston Hall at Knaresborough. P Margil x unknown. The original tree stood until 1835. It then sent up a new shoot and, on the original roots, lived until 1928. VitC 31. TRI | Eating | Pick early October. PickG mid–late September. Use November–January | |
| Richard's Graft (syn. Red Spitzenberg, Strawberry, Derrikinan)[8][22] | New York, US | <1852 | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Biennial. Flesh is yellowish-white, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Tree is medium-sized. | Eating | Use September–October | |
| Richared Delicious[9] | Washington | Introduced 1926 | Mutation of Delicious | Eating | ||
| Ridge[8] | US | <1850 | A large apple. Flesh is yellowish, juicy, crisp, sweet, aromatic. Tree is a good grower and bearer. | Eating | Use March–April | |
| Ringstad[19] | Sweden | c. 1800 | A yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). | Eating | Pick September; use October–November | |
| Risäter[19] | Sweden | c. 1800 | A yellow apple. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Flesh is subacid. | Eating, cooking, cider | Pick September; use October–November | |
| Rival[11][44][25][13] | Berkshire, England | 1900 | Round, flattened and somewhat uneven-shaped apple. A fairly good cropper, keeping well into December. Raised by Charles Ross. AM from RHS in 1900. Width 73–81 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 58–64 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). | Eating, cooking | Pick late September–early October; use October–December | |
| Rivers Early Peach[11] | A yellow flat conical apple. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh is white, sweet, aromatic, dry. Stalk is short. Raised by Mr. Rivers. | Eating | Pick mid-August | |||
| Rock Pippin (syn. Ridge Pippin, Lemon)[8] | US | <1850 | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is yellow, dry, acid. | Cooking | Use December–March | |
| Rolfe[22] | Maine, US | <1857 | Stalk is short- to medium-length. Flesh is whitish, tender, juicy, sweet. | Eating | Use August–September | |
| Roman Stem[22] | New Jersey, US | <1800 | Flesh is juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. | Eating | Use October–December | |
| Rome Beauty[8][11][22][179][78] | Rome, Ohio, United States | Introduced 1848 | Rounded, deep red, and very glossy. Width 72–86 mm (2.8–3.4 in), height 66–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Stalk 28 mm (1.1 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good. Develops an extraordinary depth and richness when cooked. DBH 162–175. | Cooking, eating | Pick 45 October 15. Pick55 September 25. Use November–May | |
| Ronk[22] | Indiana, US | 1860 | An apple of the Vandevere type. | Eating | Use October–January | |
| Roode Tulpappel[13] | A yellow conical apple, striped and flushed with red. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). | Pick early August. Use early August. | ||||
| Rosemary Russet[11] agm[180][25] | United Kingdom | First recorded 1831 | Flat conical, yellow with brick red flush, flesh crisp, yellow. Regular cropper. Flesh is creamy white, fine-textured, juicy, sweet, sharp, like 'Ashmead's Kernel'. Width 64–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 55–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 24–28 mm (0.94–1.10 in). | Eating | Pick late September; use November–March | |
| Rosenhæger Danish[31] | Denmark | <1795 | A green apple with red overcolour. Width 53–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in), height 48–55 mm (1.9–2.2 in). | Eating | Use October–November | |
| Rosenhäger Swedish[19] | Sweden | <1800 | A yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). | Eating | Use November–December | |
| Ross Nonpareil[11][44] | Ireland | <1802, introduced to England 1819 | Small, round, even, covered russet with dark crimson markings. Flesh is white, firm, soft, rich aromatic, nonpariel flavour. | Eating | Picke late September. Use November–January | |
| Roter Ananas[31] | Germany | 1854 | A red conical apple. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). | Cooking, eating | Pick September; use September–October | |
| Roter Eiserapfel[12][3] | Europe | <1700 | A green apple with red flush. Width 75–80 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 68–75 mm (2.7–3.0 in). Stalk 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in). Flesh is greenish-white, subacid, very hard. Quality: cooking good, juice good. | Cooking, juice | PickG mid-October. Use December–July | |
| Roter Stettiner (syn. Roter Winterstettiner)[12] | Germany or Poland | <1800 | Greenish-yellow with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 11–15 mm (0.43–0.59 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, juicy, subacid. TRI | Cooking, drying, juice | Pick October; use January–June | |
| Roter Trierer Weinapfel[16][12][3] | Germany | <1880 | A red apple for juice and cider. Width 55 mm (2.2 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 15–18 mm (0.59–0.71 in). Flesh is white to yellow-green, crisp, acid, juicy. | Juice, cider | PickG late October; use November–March | |
| Rote Sternrenette (see Reinette Rouge Etoilee) | ||||||
| Rother Jungfernapfel (syn. Roter Böhmischer Jungfernapfel)[35][12] | Bohemia, Germany | <1800 | A small apple. Width 49 mm (1.9 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, juicy. | Eating, cooking | Use November–January | |
| Rother Winterhimbeerapfel (syn. Oberländer Winterhimbeerapfel, Zigeunerapfel)[20] | Hungary | <1850 | A red apple. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Flesh is juicy, aromatic. | Eating | Pick October; use November–March | |
| Roundway Magnum Bonum[11][10] | Roundway Park, Devizes, Wiltshire, England | <1864 | Very large apple. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk is short to medium. A first-rate culinary or desert apple. Flesh is greenish-yellow, dry, sweet pear-like flavour. | Eating, cooking | ||
| Rouville[4] | Canada | 1983 | ||||
| Roxbury Russet (syn. Boston Russet, Putnam Russet, Warner Russet, Sylvan Russet, Belpre Russet, Marietta Russet, Howe's Russet)[8][58][22][21] | Massachusetts, United States | c. 1640 | First tree was a chance seedling grown in Roxbury, Massachusetts, now a neighborhood of Boston. Oldest known variety of apple in America, planted by Pilgrim Fathers as foundation stock for Massachusetts Bay Colony. Knobbly, russetted coat gives green skin a bronze tinge. Flesh cream coloured flesh, firme, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid good to very good. Width 70–89 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 57–76 mm (2.2–3.0 in), stalk 12–26 mm (0.47–1.02 in). Excellent keeper; resistant to fireblight. Mild flavour. Multi-purpose apple that is a wonderful choice for pies, eating fresh, or cider. Still available in New England farmer's markets; commercial interest recently renewed in this cultivar because of its past use as a cider apple. | Cooking (pies), eating, cider | Use January–June | |
| Royal Gala[167] | Matamata, New Zealand | Discovered 1971, introduced 1974 | Mutation of Gala. Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, juicy. | Eating | Ripens before McIntosh. In Missouri, late August. | |
| Ros Picant | Romania | 19th century | Characterized by its distinct, faintly spicy flavor. Green and yellow, mostly used for making cider and Pálinka. | Cider, cooking, eating | ||
| Royal Jubilee (Graham's)[11][181][3][25][13][19] | Middlesex, England | 1888, introduced 1893 | Large yellow conical cooking apple. Width 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in), height 54–90 mm (2.1–3.5 in), weight 130–190 g (4.6–6.7 oz). Raised by John Graham of Hounslow. Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Tree is very dwarfed. Flesh is yellow, firm, subacid. Free from canker. VitC 5. | Cooking, juice | PickG mid-September; use October–December | |
| Royal Late[11] | England | <1896 | A large yellow-green apple with russet. Am from RHS in 1896. Flesh is soft, yellow, juicy, subacid. Very liable to canker. | Cooking | ||
| Royal Russet[10] | England | 1597 | A most excellent culinary apple of first rate quality. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). | Cooking | Use November–May | |
| Rozela | Czech Republic | 2008 | Flesh is medium firm, juicy with great aromatic flavour and delicate smell. The skin is attractive bright red with prominent lenticels. Annual producer of heavy crops, the resistant equivalent of Idared with outstanding flavour. | Eating | ||
| Rubens (Civni)[102] | Ferrara, Italy | 1985 | A greenish-yellow apple with red to orange-red overcolor (60–100%). P Elstar x Gala. Flesh is creamy-white, firm, juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | Pick 10 days after Gala. | |
| Rubinette (syn. Rafzubin)[16][3] | Rafs, Switzerland | 1966, Introduced 1982 | A yellow apple with red flush. P Golden Delicious x unknown. FlesH; juicy, aromatic, subacid. | Eating | PickG early–mid-October. Pickg October 1–10. Use October–December | |
| Ruddy[11] | A round apple covered with red flush. Flesh is sweet, slightly aromatic. P Ecklinville x Mere de Menage. Raised by Charles Ross. | |||||
| Rushock pearmain[10] | Wocestershire England | 1821 | An apple of first-rate qualtity, almost entirely covered with russet. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). | Eating | Use Christmas–April | |
| Rutledge[22] | Possibly Texas, US | <1892 | Tree is vigorous. Flesh is tender, juicy, subacid, sweet, fair to good. | Eating | Use January–May |
S
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sack and Sugar[11] | A yellow apple. Stalk very short. Flesh tender, juicy, aromatic, good. | Cooking, Eating | Pick September | |||
| Saint Cecila[44] | Wales | 1900 | Even oval, golden yellow with crimson flush and stripes. H 60, W 73. FCC from RHS in 1919. | Eating | Pick early October; Use December - March | |
| Saint Clair[9] | Illinois, US | Introduced 1947 | Resembles Wealthy. Tree strong, productive. | Eating | ||
| Saint Edmund's Pippin[11]agm[182][25] | Bury, St. Edmunds Suffolk, England | 1870s | W 63, H 52. Stalk 12 – 22 mm. Unusual in fact that it has scaly russet patches mixed with smooth. Raised by Mr. Harvey. One of the best early russets. Flesh yellow, very juicy, vanilla/pear taste. Usually a light yellow-green. | Eating | Pick mid September; Use September - October | |
| Saint Everard[11][44][140] | Papwoth Everard, near Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England | 1900, introduced 1910 | Yellow striped with crimson. H 45, W 57. FCC from RHS in 1919. Flesh crisp, yellow, juicy, excellent. | Eating | Pick early September; Use September | |
| Saint Lawrence[22] | ? | <1831 | Flesh tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use September - October | |
| Saint Martins[11] | England | <1896 | Brownish red with russet. A very sweet apple. AM from RHS in 1896. P Bess Pool x Cox Orange. | Eating | Use February | |
| Salome[21][22] | Illinois, US | ca 1853 | Yellow with red flush, round oblate.W 74, H 64. Stalk 16 mm. Tree vigorous, large. Flesh yellow firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. | Eating | Use November - March | |
| Saltcote Pippin[44][6][183] | England | <1918 | Good flavour reminding one of Mother. Award of Merit from RHS in 1928. W 74, H 61. Stalk short or medium. Flesh, juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | Pick early October; Use November - January | |
| Samo[32] | Finland | Introduced 1981 | A greenish-yellow apple. P Melba x Huvitus. Flesh sweet, subacid. | Eating | Pick September | |
| Sandra[32] | Finland | Introduced 1996 | A red Apple. P Lobo x Huvitus. Flesh sweet, subacid. | Eating | Pick mid September | |
| Sandringham[11] | Norfolk, England | introduced 1884 | A yellow apple. FCC from RHS in 1883. P Woodford x King of the Pippins. Flesh yellowish, firm, soft, subacid. | Cooking | ||
| Sanspareil[44][11] | England | <1899 | Medium to large, even round apple. Yellow red stripes. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1899. | Cooking, Eating | Use February - May | |
| Santana[184] | Wageningen, Netherlands | 1978 | Scab resistant. | Eating. | ||
| Särsö (syn. Mignon, Cloetta)[20][68] | Sweden | <1917 | W 73, H 60. Stalk 25 mm. Flesh subacid, fair to good. | Eating, Cooking, Jam | Pick late September; Use October - November | |
| Saturn | Kent, England | 1980 | Scab resistant. | Eating. | ||
| Scarlet Cranberry[22] | Virginia, US | <1865 | Flesh crisp, juicy, astringent, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | ||
| Scarlet Nonpareil[10][11] | Surrey, England | 1773 | A very excellent dessert apple of first-rate quality. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh pale yellow, sweet, firm, good. H 52, W 57. | Eating | Use January - March | |
| Scarlet O'Hara[185] | New Jersey, US | Cross made 1971, selected 1978, introduced 2000. | A yellow apple with red flush. D 70–76. Stalk 28–33 mm. Flesh yellow, firm, very crisp, subacid. | Eating | Pick one week beforde Delicious. | |
| Scarlet Pearmain[10][11][33] | Middlesex, England | c1800 | A dessert apple of first rate quality. The tree is a free and vigorous grower. Flesh yellow, tender. H 54, W 60. | Eating | Use October - January | |
| Scarlet Pippin[22] | Ontario | <1895 | Stalk short. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use September - October | |
| Scarlet Staymared[9] | Washington, US | Introduced 1936 | A red apple. | Cooking | ||
| Scarlet Tiffing[64] | England | <1875 | A valuable and excellent culinary apple. W 76 HH 57. Stalk 12 mm. Use November - December. | Cooking | ||
| Schellinkhout[13] | Netherlands | 1885 | A yellow conical apple with red stripes(0-20%). W 81, H 72. Stalk 18 mm. | Eating | Use October - November. | |
| Schoolmaster[64][11] | Lincolnshire, England | 1855, introduced 1882 | A fine cooking apple. FCC from RHS in 1880. W 76, H 70. Stalk very short. P Golden Noble x Dumelow. Flesh white, crisp, acid. | Cooking | PickE mid October. Use November - January. | |
| Scweizer Orange[3] | Switzerland | Raised 1935, Introduced 1954 | A green-yellow apple with red orange flush. W 67, H 50, We 105. | Eating, Cooking | ||
| Scrumptious agm[186] | Kent, England | 2003 | Sweet and crisp. Self-fertile, mid-season variety that ripens in early September and will store well for about a month. The blossom is frost hardy resulting in heavy crops and the tree can be grown in all areas of the UK. The flesh is crisp and aromatic and the thin skin turns deep red as it develops | Eating | ||
| Secor[9] | Iowa, US | Introduced 1922 | P Salome x Jonathan. Free from Jonathan spot in storage. | Eating | Use January - April. | |
| SeeandO Red Rome 262[9] | Washington, US | Introduced 1943 | Mutation of Rome Beauty. | Eating | ||
| Seneca Favorite[22] | US | <1853 | Stalk long to medium. Flesh crisp, tender juicy, subacid, very good. | Eating, Cooking. | Pick September. Use September - December. | |
| September Beauty[5][11] | Bedfordshire, England | 1885 | H 57, W 70. FCC from RHS in 1885. A yellowish-green apple, striped with orange. Flesh yellow, tender. Skin slightly russetted. | Eating | Pick mid September. Use September - November. | |
| Shackleford[22] | Missouri, US | <1883 | W 83, H 69. Stalk 16 mm. Flesh firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Eating | Use November - April. | |
| Shampion see Champion | ||||||
| Sharp[22] | Illinois, US | <1889 | W 65, H 48. Stalk 10 mm. Flesh tender, crisp juicy, sweet, very good. | Eating | Use October - November. | |
| Sharon[9] | Iowa, US | Introduced 1922 | A red striped fruit. P McIntosh x Longfield. Tree vigorous, productive, hardy. | Eating | ||
| Shinano Sweet | Nagano, Japan | 1978 | mid-season crops. Tsugaru x Fuji | Eating | ||
| Shiawasse(syn. Shiawasse Beauty)[8][22] | Mich. US | Introduced 1862 | W 81, H 54. Stalk 10 mm. Flesh white, subacid, aromatic. | Eating | Use October - January. | |
| Shockley[7] | Jackson County, Georgia, United States | 1852 | W 64, H 59. Stalk 22 mm. Yellowish and green skin with reddish stripes. Flesh crisp, juicy, sweet taste with vinous flavour. | Eating, preserves | Use April - May. | |
| Shoesmith[6] | Surrey, England | <1930 | P Lane's Prince Albert x Golden Noble. W 93, H 76. Stalk medium to long. Flesh white, soft, juicy, subacid. | Cooking | Pick late September. Use September - December. | |
| Shotwell Delicious[9] | Washington, US | 1928 | Mutation of Delicious | Eating | ||
| Siely's Mignonne[64] | England | c1800 | Yellow covered with russet. H 45, W 45. Stalk 13 mm. Flesh greenish yellow. Juice highly aromatic and of most excellent flavour. | Eating, Juice | Use November - February. | |
| Signe Tillisch[3][13] | Denmark | 1866 | A yellow apple with red flush. W 70–90, H 55–80, We 95-200. P Alexander x London Pippin. VitC 7. | Eating, Cooking. | Use September - October. | |
| Sirius | Czech Republic | 2007 | Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, fine
grained, very juicy, well balanced sugar and acid level, rich flavour |
Eating | ||
| Sir John Thornycroft[44] | United Kingdom | <1911 | Above medium size, shing yellow with pinkish red flush on sunny side. AGM from RHS in 1911. | Eating | Use October - March. | |
| Sir Prize (syn. Co-op 5)[168][187][3] | US | First fruited 1961, Introduced 1975 | A yellow apple with a waxy finish. W 76–83, H 76–83. Flesh; yellow to white, tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick55 September 20. PickG early October. Use October - December. | |
| Sir William Gibbon's[64] | England | <1880 | A calville-shaped excellent culinary apple. H 76 W 96. Stalk very short. | Cooking | Use November - January. | |
| Sitchamton Russet[64] | England | <1876 | A dessert apple of good quality. Skin covered with grey russet. H 51, W 60. Stalk short and stout. Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic flavour. | Eating | Use December - February. | |
| Sköldinge[20] | Sweden | c1800 | W 65, H 61. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh juicy, sweet, subacid, good. | Eating | Pick early October. Use November - January. | |
| Slack-Ma-Girdle | Devonshire, England | <1880 | Yellow streaked with red. H 47, W 62. Stalk very short. | Cider | Pick mid October. Use October - December. | |
| Slastica[15] | Croatia | Yellow with red flush. W 50–60, H 40–60, We 70–100. Short stalk. Flesh yellowish to white, firm, juicy, sweet. Disease resistant. Biennial. | Eating, Cooking, Cider, Drying | Pick mid-October. | ||
| Slatka šarenika(syn. Šarenika)[15] | Montenegro | Green with red flush. W 71, H 59. We 149. Stalk medium. Flesh juicy, sweet, aromatic. | Eating, Cooking | Pick mid October. Use November - May. | ||
| Slatka srčika (syn. Srčika)[15] | Croatia | A yellow apple with red flush. W 65 - 75. H 50–60. We 100–150. Stalk short. Flesh juicy, sweet, subacid. | Eating, Cooking, Cider, Drying. | Pick mid October. | ||
| Sleeping Beauty[10] | Lincolnshire, England | 1851 | Medium-sized. A most excellent apple for all culinary purposes, and particularly for sauce. | Cooking | Use November - February. | |
| Slor[14] | Israel | Introduced 1982 | Large conic, dark red stripes. Flesh sweet, subacid. | Eating | ||
| Small's Admirable[11][10] | Lincolnshire or Buckinghamshire, England | c1850 | An excellent kitchen and dessert apple. Flesh white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. | Cooking, Eating | PickE mid October. Use November - December. | |
| Smaragd[112] | Novi Sad, Serbia | Cross made 1992, selected 1999. | A green apple with no overcolor. P Granny Smith x McIntosh Wijcik. W 74, H 68. We 175. Stalk 21 mm. Flesh: fine, crisp, juicy. SS 11.6 TA 1.03 | |||
| Smart's Prince Arthur[6] | Kent, England | <1883 | A yellow apple with purplish red stripes (50-100%). W 74, H 77. Flesh; pale yellow, firm, dry, subacid. | Cooking | Pick late September - early October. Use November - April. | |
| Smith's (syn. Smith's cider)[8][7][22] | Pennsylvania, US | <1825 | W 70–83, H 60–76. Stalk 10–20 mm. Tree very vigorous. Flesh white, tender, juicy, crisp, subacid, good. | Cooking, Cider | Use December - March | |
| Smokehouse[7][22] | Mill Creek, Pennsylvania, US | 1837 | W 82–88, H 64–68. Stalk 19–23 mm. Greenish-yellow with flushed red-orange stripes. The yellowish-white flesh is crisp and tender with a spicy-sweet flavour that tastes like cider. Excellent all-purpose apple. Unusual in that it also makes excellent cider. Seedling discovered growing next to the smokehouse on William Gibbons' farm in Mill Creek, PA. Bears fruit from young age. | Eating, Cooking, Cider. | Pick45 September 10. Use September - February. | |
| Snow apple (Fameuse) | Quebec, Canada | 17th century | Tender, aromatic, distinct flavour. A parent of McIntosh. | Cider, cooking, eating | ||
| Snövit[20] | Sweden | 1936 | Yellow with red flush. W 64, H 56. P Stenbock x Pfirsichroter Sommerapfel. | Eating | Pick September. Use September. | |
| Södermanlands kalvill[68][188][20] | Sweden | <1850 | W 70–100, H 61–86. Stalk 17–18 mm. Flesh juicy, aromatic, good. | Eating | Use October - December. | |
| Södermanlands äpple[68][188][20] | Sweden | <1800 | W 65–83, H 65–79. Stalk 19–28 mm. Flesh juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Use September - December. | |
| Somerset[22] | US | <1869 | Tree is an early bearer. Flesh white, juicy, aromatic, very good. | Eating | Use September - October. | |
| Sonya | New Zealand | 2000 | Cross between a Red Delicious and Gala. Coppery coloration. Crisp. | Eating | ||
| Sops-in-Wine 1.[11][10][183] | Cornwall or Devonshire, England | <1688 | W 64–70, H 53–70. Stalk 13 mm . Strong ribbing. Tree is vigorous. Flesh white - pinkish, tender, sweet. | Cooking, Cider | Pick mid October. Use: October - February | |
| Sops of Wine (syn. Sops-in-wine 2.)[7][8][22] | US or UK | <1850 | Flesh yellow tinged with red. juicy,subacid, good to very good. W 71, H 60. Stalk 22 mm. Tree is vigorous, very hardy, an excellent bearer and not subject to canker. | Eating | Pick August. Use August - September. | |
| Sowman's Seedling[24] | Lancashire, England | Inytroduced 1927 | A large green apple. P Grenadier x Bismark. Very susceptible to Bitter Pit. | Cooking | Use August - September. | |
| Sparreholm[20] | Sweden | 1868 | W 77 H 77. Stalk 10mm. | Eating | Pick September. Use September. | |
| Spartan[25][6] | British Columbia, Canada | Raised 1926, Introduced 1936 | Round-conical, yellow, 75-100% flushed crimson. Strong aroma. Prone to canker. W 64, H 56–58. Stalk 15–20 mm. Good all-purpose, medium-sized apple. Has a bright red blush and may have background patches of greens and yellows. Popular across border in United States as well. | Cooking, Eating, Cider | Pick45 September 16. Pick55 September 1. PickE early October. Use November - February. | |
| Spencer[6] | Summerland, B.C. Canada | Cross made 1926, selected 1938, introduced 1959 | A yellow apple with red flush(50-75%). W 71, H 68. Stalk long. Flesh; creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet. | Eating | PickE mid to late October. Use October - January. | |
| Spigold[6] | Geneva, New York, US | A greenish yellow apple with purplish red flush(25-50%). W 79, H 72. Stalk long. Flesh; creamy white, juicy, sweet. TRI | Eating | PickE mid October. Use November - February. | ||
| Splendour/Splendor | New Zealand | 1948 | Descendant of Red Dougherty x Golden Delicious, ancestor of Pacific Rose and Aurora Golden Gala | Eating | ||
| Stanard(syn. Stannard)[8] | New York, US | <1850 | W 88, H 72. Stalk 14 mm. Flesh yellow, tender, acid to subacid. | Eating | Use November - February. | |
| Stäringe Karin[68] | Sweden | <1902 | W 77, H 67. Stalk 15 mm. A green apple with red flush. Flesh, juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Pick late September. | |
| Star of Devon[11][6] | Devonshire, England | Introduced1905 | Oblong shaped yellow apple with red stripes. AM from RHS in 1905. Flesh white, soft, poor. H 48, W 64. | Eating | PickE early October. Use October - April. | |
| Stark[22][21] | Possibly Ohio, US | <1867 | W 92, H84. Stalk 20 mm. Tree vigorous, hardy, healthy. Flesh yellow, firm, fine, tender, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good. | Eating, Cooking | Use November - April | |
| Stark Earliest[9][25][6] | Idaho, US | 1938. Introduced 1944. | W 57–63, H 45–60. Stalk 18 mm. Does nicely in fruit salads. Red striping on light background. | Eating | PickE early August. Use August - September. | |
| Starkey[22] | Me. US | <1875 | Stalk medium. Flesh white, juicy, crisp, subacid, very good. | Eating | Use October - January. | |
| Starr[7] | New Jersey, US | <1870 | Flesh whitish, subacid. Good. Stalk slender. | Cooking | Use July - September. | |
| Starking[9] ru. Prevoshodnoe[26] | Monroeville, New Jersey, USA | 1921. Introduced 1924 | A red mutation of Delicious. W 60–80, H 60–80. Flesh; juicy, sweet. VitC 13. Density 0.82 | Eating | Use: December - March | |
| Starkspur Golden Delicious[71] | Yakima, Washington, US | discovered 1959, introduced 1961 | Mutation of Golden Delicious | Eating | ||
| Stayman[21][22][78] | US | 1866 | Dullish red skin often covered with a light russet. H 76, W 78. Tart, wine-like flavour. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Stores well. Particularly known for tangy cider. DBH 166–175. | Cider, Cooking, Eating | Pick45 October 7. Pick55 September 25. Use January - May. DBH 167. | |
| Staymanred[9] | Virginia, US | Discovered 1926. Introduced 1929 | A red apple. Mutation of Stayman Winesap. | |||
| Stenkyrke[20] | Sweden | c1750 | A yellow conical apple. W 75, H60. Flesh, juicy, subacid, very good. | Eating | Use November - January. | |
| Sterappel see Reinette Rouge Etoilee | ||||||
| Stina Lohmann[26] | Kellinghusen, Holstein, Germany | c1800 | A yellow apple striped with red. W 65–80, H 50–65. C 17. Flesh yellow-white, crisp, juicy, subacid. C 17. | Eating, Cooking. | Use January - May. | |
| Stirling[9] | British Columbia, Canada. | Introduced 1936 | P Yellow Newtown x unknown. Flesh crisp, juicy. Short storage life. | Eating | ||
| Stirling Castle[11][10][25][6] | Stirlingshire, Scotland | <1831 | W 67–76, H 54–60. Stalk 18 mm. Medium size, round, flattish, even apple. Flesh; white, juicy, acid very soft. | Cooking | PickE mid September. Use Sept. - December. | |
| Stoke Edith Pippin[10] | Herefordshire, England | 1872 | An excellent dessert apple. Flesh yellow firm, crisp, brisk and juicy, sweet, and with a perfumed flavour. H 50, W50. | Eating | Use November - February. | |
| Stolovača[15] | Serbia | <1900 | A green apple. W 65–75, H 45–55. We 155–185. Stalk short. Flesh white, subacid. | Eating, Cooking | Pick late September - early October. | |
| Stonetosh[44] | Canada | Introduced 1922 | P Stone x McIntosh. Flesh soft, juicy, sweet, white. Triploid. | Eating | Pick early October. Use October- February. | |
| Streifling Herbst | Netherlands or Western Europe | Sour sweet. Popular in Eastern Europe | Eating, juice, jam, compote, dried | |||
| Striped Beefing[10][35][6] | Norfolk, England | Found 1794, introduced 1847. |
One of the best culinary apples, for baking it is unrivalled. W90. H72. Stalk 10mm. | Baking | Use November - February. | |
| Strode's Birmingham(syn. Strode's)[7] | Pa. US | <1875 | A small yellow apple. Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use September. | |
| Sturmer Pippin[33][10][6][25] | Sturmer,Haverhill, Suffolk, England | <1831 | A bright greenish-yellow apple with a reddish-brown blush, often on one face only. W 69, H 62. Stalk 12–25 mm. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic. One of the best English keeping apples, with proper storage Sturmer Pippin lasts 4 to 5 months. Flavour is sprightly, more sharp than sweet when first picked, but improves dramatically in storage, becoming sweeter and richer, while maintaining its crisp texture. This keeping ability made it ideal for long journeys, as such, it was brought to Australia where it is still widely grown. Parent of Granny Smith. | Eating | Pick mid October. Use January - April. | |
| Sugar Loaf Pippin[27] | A green conical apple. W 76, H 85. Stalk 12 mm. | Pick early August. | ||||
| Suislepper[19] | Estonia | <1870 | Flesh soft and aromatic. W 70, H 70. VitC 22. | Eating | Pick September. Use September. | |
| Šumatovka (syn. Popadija)[15] | Serbia | <1900 | A yellow apple with red flush. W 67, H 57. We 117. Stalk 23 mm. Flesh white, firm, crisp, sweet, subacid. Tree extremely vigorous. | Eating, Cooking | Pick October. Use November - January. | |
| Summer Bellflower[22] | New York, US | <1848 | Flesh tender, subacid, good. P Esopus Spitzenburg x unknown. | Eating | ||
| Summerfree | Italy | 1998 | Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with moderate vigour, fruit is large, average weight of 175 g, skin is smooth, ripens 1–2 days before Gala, good storage ability. | Eating | ||
| Summer Golden Pippin[10] | England | <1800 | A small apple, ripe in the end of August. Richer flavour than Yellow Ingestrie. H54, W51. The tree is a small grower. It is an early and abundant bearer. | Eating | ||
| Summer Pearmain American (syn. Early Summer Pearmain)[46][58] | US | <1817 | Greenish yellow with red overcolour. W 75, H 68. Stalk 23 mm. Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic, mild, subacid. | Eating | Use August - September. | |
| Summer Pippin[7] | US | <1800 | Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. W 78, H 70. | Cooking | Use August - September. | |
| Summer Pound Royal (syn. Pound Royale, Orange)[7] | US | <1800 | Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. W 85, H 71. Stalk 20mm. Tree is a strong grower. | Eating | Use August - September. | |
| Summer Queen[8] | US | <1806 | W 68, H 60. Stalk 33 mm. Flesh yellow, acid, spicy, aromatic. | Cooking | Use July - August. | |
| Summer Rambo see Rambour Franc | ||||||
| Summerred[20][6][3] | British Columbia, Canada | 1964,. Introduced 1974. | Red apple. W 67 H 67. P(McIntosh x Golden Delicious) x unknown. Flesh; yellow to white, soft, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick early September, PickG late August - early September. Use September - October. | |
| Summer Rose[8] | New Jersey | <1806 | A small apple. One of the best early apples. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. | Cooking, Eating | Use June - August. | |
| Summer Spitzenburg[22] | New York, US | <1872 | Flesh, juicy, aromatic, good to very good. Biennial. | Eating | Pick August. Use August - September. | |
| Sundance[189] | US | Cross made 1964, selected 1972, introduced 2004. | A greenish-yellow apple. H 68, W 77. Stalk 18 mm. P Golden Delicious x(Winter Banana x PRI 2–19). SS 12.4%, TA 0.44%. | Eating, juice | Pick 10–17 October. Use November–April. | |
| Sunset agm[190][25][6] | England | Raised 1918, Named 1933 | Easy to grow. W 61–63, H 51–54. Stalk 15 – 22 mm. Has very similar flavour to Cox's Orange Pippin. Won't do well in heat. | Eating | Pick late September. Use October - December. | |
| Suntan[191][25][6] | Kent, England | Raised 1955 | Fruits ripen orange-red, flavour is sharp and intense. W 70, H 54–56. Stalk 15 – 20 mm. TRI | Eating | Pick mid October. Use November - January. | |
| Superior[9] | Michigan, US | Introduced 1930 | P Duchess x Wealthy. | Eating | Use - December. | |
| Surprise[7] | Possibly the US | ? | A small apple. Flesh stained with red. | Eating | Use November - January. | |
| Sutton Beauty[7] | Sutton, Massachusetts | c. 1757 | Flesh whitish, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use November - February. | |
| Swaar (syn. Hardwick)[7][22][21] | New York, US | <1800 | W 78, H 61. Stalk 19–26 mm. Flesh yellowish, tender, aromatic, spicy, very good to best. | Eating | Use December - March. | |
| SweeTango (syn. Minneiska)[107] | Minnesota, US | Selected 1987. Introduced 2009. | A yellow to green apple with red overcolor (70-95%). W 70–80. Flesh; creamy white, crisp, juicy. subacid. Viewed as a successor to the Honeycrisp by many growers. | Eating | Pick 3–10 days before Gala. | |
| Sweet Bough (syn. Large Yellow Bough)[46][21] | US | <1806 | One of the finest summer apples, greenish-yellow. Flesh white, juicy, slightly aromatic, good to very good. AC s. | Eating | Use August - September. | |
| Sweet Delicious[9] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1922 | P Deacon Jones x Delicious. DBH 156. | Eating, Baking | Pick50 October 3. PickE early October. Use November - January. | |
| Sweet McIntosh[9] | Geneva, New York, US | Introduced 1922 | P Lawver x McIntosh. | Eating, Baking | ||
| Sweet Pippin[7] | US | <1830 | Stalk short. Flesh juicy, sweet. Tree productive. | Eating | Use November - December | |
| Sweet Pippin syn. of Moore Sweet | ||||||
| Sweet Pippin syn. of Hog Island Sweet | ||||||
| Sweet Romanite[8] | US | <1850 | W 74, H 61. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh yellow, juicy, very sweet. | Baking, Cider, Eating | Use December - April. | |
| Sweet Russet[8] | US | <1850 | W 74, H 62. Stalk 11 mm. Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet. | Baking | Use August. | |
| Sweet Russet syn. of Pumpkin Russet | ||||||
| Sweet Russet syn. of Cheeseboro | ||||||
| Sweet Sixteen[134] | Minnesota, US | Cross made 1937, selected 1950, introduced 1973. | Large fruit, some russeting near top. D 69–89. Moderately acidic taste. P (Malinda x unknown) x Northern Spy. Tree: moderately vigorous. DBH 125–135. | Eating | Pick45 October 14. | |
| Switzer[22] | Russia | <1870 | Flesh white, juicy, subacid, good. Biennial. | Cooking, Eating | Pick August. Use September - October. | |
| Syke House Russet[11] | Yorkshire, England[10] | 1780 | One of the most excellent dessert apples. The tree is a free grower and an excellent bearer. | Eating | Use October–February |
T
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Talman's Sweet see Tolman Sweet | ||||||
| Talvikaneli see Vinterkanel | ||||||
| Talvikki[32] | Finland | 2003 | A large green apple with red flush. P Lobo x Yläkautto. | Cooking (Eating) | Pick mid October. | |
| Tamplin (syn. Cissy)[11] | ? | <1900 | Crimson red with dark broken stripes. AM from RHS in 1902. Flesh yellowish, poor. | Eating | PickE early September. Use September. | |
| Teser | United States | 1944 | Resistant to scab. | Eating | ||
| Tart Bough (syn. Sour Bough)[7] | US | <1830 | Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. | Use August. | ||
| Tart Bough syn. of Early Harvest | ||||||
| Tart Bough syn. of Champlain | ||||||
| Telstar[6] | New Zealand | 1934 | P Golden Delicious x Kidds Orange Red. W 69, H 56. Stalk long. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, sweet. | Eating | Pick mid October. Use November - December. | |
| Tetofski[8][21] | Russia | <1831 | A small apple. Flesh yellowish-white, firm, coarse, tender, aromatic juicy, subacid, fair to good. | Cooking | Use June - July | |
| Tewkesbury (syn. Tewkesbury Winter Blush)[7] | N.J. US | <1850 | W 60, H 45. Stalk 11 mm. Flesh yellow, subacid. | Eating | Use January - July. | |
| Thomas Rivers (syn. River's Codlin)[11][44] | Hertfordshire, England | <1892 | Round, conical, pale yellow with slight brownish flush, flesh crisp, yellowish, acid cooks extremely well. P Mother x Dumelow. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1892. H 64, W64. | Cooking | PickE early - mid September. Use September - October. | |
| Thompson[22] | Iowa, US | <1892 | Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Stalk medium. | Eating | Use October - December. | |
| Thorle Pippin see Whorle Pippin | ||||||
| Tiganka (syn. Tiganka Alaia)[15] | Moldova | <1900 | A red apple. W 73–82. H 70–75. We 80–115. Stalk short. Flesh juicy, subacid. | Cooking (Eating) | Pick mid September. Use October - November. | |
| Tiganka Grie[15] | Moldova | <1900 | A green apple with red flush. W 70–85, H 70–85, We 85–125. Stalk medium to long. Flesh juicy, subacid. | Cooking (Eating) | ||
| Tinmoth[22] | Vermont, US | >1857 | Flesh tender, juicy, subacid, peculiar flavor, good. Tree very productive. | Eating | Use October - December. | |
| Titovka (syn. Titus Apple)[22][21] | Russia | <1870 | Flesh white, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Tree vigorous. | Cooking | Use August - September. | |
| Titus Pippin[7] | Long Island, US | <1870 | Flesh whitish yellow, juicy, tender, subacid.Good. Tree productive. | Eating | Use December - February. | |
| Tobias[32] | Finland | Introduced 2003 | A red conical apple. P Lobo x Huvitus. | Cooking, Eating | Pick early October. | |
| Tolman Sweet (syn. Talman's Sweet)[8][21][22] | US | 1822 | Very sweet apple. W 79, H 67. Stalk 27 mm. Once used to make dried fruit for winter. Flesh white, firm, dry, sweet, good to very good. | Cider, Cooking | Use October - March. | |
| Tom Putt[25][6] | Trent, Dorset, England | <1800 | Small to medium, flat and irregularly shaped apple. Green, usually covered entirely with a bright red blush. W 65–78. H 55–63. Crisp, sharp flavour. An excellent cooker and ideal single-variety cider apple. Softens during storage. Tree is vigorous and precocious. Scab-resistant. Seedling found by a Rev. Tom Putt of Trent, Somerset, England in the late 1700s. Triploid. | Cider, Cooking | PickE early September. Use September - November. | |
| Tompkins King (or King)[22] | United States | 1804? | This apple is gigantic, and of excellent quality both as a dessert fruit and for cooking. The fruit shape is uniform and the skin mostly red with some yellow stripes. The flesh is yellowish and crisp. The fruit does not keep as well as some other apple cultivars. | Eating | ||
| Topaz | Czechoslovakia | 1990 | Rubin × Vanda, scab-resistant, sharp flavour. | Cider, Cooking, Eating | ||
| Tower of Glammis[10][25] | Angus, Scotland. | <1800 | A first rate culinary apple, once very popular in Lanarkshire. Greenish in colour with some russeting near stalk normal.[192] W 73, H 70. Stalk 12 – 15 mm. Triploid. | Cooking. | Pick late October. Use November–February. | |
| Townsend[7] | Pa. US | <1785 | Stalk long. Flesh white, tender, subacid, good to very good. Tree healthy, vigorous. Good to very good. | Eating | Pick late August. | |
| Traders Fancy[8] | Pennsylvania, US | <1840 | Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Tree vigorous. | Cooking | Use January - May. | |
| Trajan[44] | Kent, England | Introduced 1989 | P Wijcik McIntosh x Golden Delicious. Dark red. Flesh crisp, juicy, sweet. Pick September. | Eating | Use September - October. | |
| Trenton Early[8][7] | New Jersey, USA | Introduced 1852 | Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Tree moderately vigorous, quite productive. | Cooking, Eating | Use August - September. | |
| Trogsta[20][23] | Sweden | <1900 | W 59–71, H 50–59. Stalk 9 mm. Flesh juicy, good. | Eating | Pick September. | |
| Tropical Beauty[14] | South Africa | c1930 | P unknown. Flesh soft, poor. | Eating | PickE early October. Use November - January. | |
| Tropic Sweet[14] | Florida | Introduced 1996 | P polycross from Jerseymac x Anna selections. W 70. One of a handful of apple varieties that will grow in Florida; will not do well in cold weather at all. | Eating | ||
| Trumbull Sweet (syn. Fenton Sweet)[8] | Ohio, US | <1850 | Flesh white, juicy, sweet. Tree vigorous, productive, early bearer. | Baking | Use September - October | |
| Tsáriskij schip[32] | Estonia | <1880 | Medium size conical. Yellow with red stripes. | Cooking, Eating | Pick September. Use September. | |
| Tsugaru | Aomori, Japan | 1930 | Golden Delicious × Jonathan | Eating | ||
| Tufts[22] | Wisconsin, US | 1855 | Flesh crisp, mild subacid, fair to good. Stalk long. | Eating | Use October - December. | |
| Tumanga (syn. Auralia)[4][3] | Germany | 1930 | A green apple with red flush. W 66–80, H 52, We 110–195. Density 0.82 | Eating | PickE late September. PickG mid - late October. Pickg September 23 - October 15. Use November - February. | |
| Turley[9] | Indiana, US | Introduced 1922. | P Winesap x unknown. Tree bears annually, very productive. DBH 162. | Cooking | Pick50 October 17. | |
| Twenty Ounce[8][46][21][22] | New York | <1844 | Huge: apple weighs over one pound, or nearly 500 g. Green overlaid with broad red striping. Stalk short, thick. Flesh whitish - yellow, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Excellent cooker. Nice juice qualities. | Cider, Cooking, Eating | Use September - October. PickE early October. | |
| Tydeman's Early Worcester[6][25] | England | Raised 1929 Introduced 1945 | Mclntosh × Worcester Pearmain. Crimson over yellow background colour. Flesh white, juicy, sweet with strong aroma. W 60–69. H 54–60. Stalk 17–20 mm. | Eating | Pick50 August 22. PickE mid August. Use August - mid September. | |
| Tydeman's Late Orange[6][25] | England | Raised 1930 Introduced 1949 | Good storage qualities, but loses fragrance with age.W 58–65. H 55-60 Stalk 15–25 mm. Sometimes cultivated in California; one of a handful of British apples that will thrive in the state. | Eating | PickE mid October. Use December - April. | |
| Tyler's Kernel[11] | Herefordshire, England | <1883 | A pale yellow apple. W 64, H 76. FCC from RHS in 1883. Rather subject to canker. | Cooking | PickE mid October. Use November - January. |
U
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Undine[3] | Germany | 1961 | Green with some orange overcolour. W 77–80. H 68. We 180–230. Stalk 20–30 mm. P Jonathan x unknown. | Eating | PickE mid October. PickG late October. Use November - February. | |
| Upton Pyne[6] | Devon, England | Introduced 1910 | A yellow apple with little or no flush. W 82, H 77. Flesh; creamy white, firm, juicy, fair. | Cooking, Eating | PickE late September. Use December - March. | |
| Utter[22] | Wisconsin, US | 1855 | Flesh, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Tree regular grower, healthy, productive. | Eating | Use October - December. | |
| Uttwiler Spätlauber | Switzerland | 1750 | Eating |
V
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Valinhense[14] | Brazil | P unknown. Very firm tart apple. | Cooking | |||
| Valmore[9] | California, US | Introduced 1934 | P unknown. | Cooking | ||
| Vance Delicious[9] | Virginia, US | Discovered 1930. Introduced 1935. | Mutation of Delicious. | Eating | ||
| Vanderspiegel[7] | Bennington, Vt. US | <1875 | Flesh yellow, crisp, juicy, subacid. Tree productive. | Eating | Use December -February. | |
| Vandervere(syn. Large Vandervere, Vandervere Pippin, Yellow Vandervere)[8] | US | <1806 | Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, acid. Tree vigorous, productive, bearing annually. | Cooking | Use December. | |
| Venus Pippin[11] | Devonshire, England | ca 1800 | A pale yellow-green apple. AM from RHS in 1899. Flesh, tender, pale yellow, juicy. | Cooking, Eating | PickE early August. Use September - October. | |
| Verorja[15] | Albania | ? | A greenish yellow apple with red stripes. W 50–60, H 50–60. We 100–120. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Pick late July - Early August. | |
| Vicking[44] | S. Daktota, US | Introduced 1925 | Flesh brisk, soft, juicy. | Eating | Pick late August. Use August - September. | |
| Victoria Sweet[21] | New York ? US | ca 1840 | A red apple. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, tender, juicy, sweet, good to very good. | Eating, Cooking, Baking | Use October - January. | |
| Victory 1.[9] | Minnesota, US | Introduced 1943 | Flesh white, juicy, aromatic. | Eating | Use October 15 - March 15. | |
| Victory 2. see George Carpenter | ||||||
| Vidovdanka[15] | Serbia | <1900 | A green apple with red flush covering 85%. W 62, H 62–74. We 130. Flesh juicy, acid. | Eating | Pick august. | |
| Vinterkanel(syn. Talvikaneli)[32] | Finland | Introduced 2003 | A red apple. P Lobo x Rödkanel. | Cooking, Eating | Pick early October. | |
| Violette[10] | France | 1628 | A culinary apple of second rate quality. | Cooking | PickE mid September. Use October - March | |
| Virginia Greening[8] | Virginia | <1835 | W 88. H 65. Flesh white, subacid. | Cooking | Use January - April. | |
| Virginischer Rosenapfel see Vitgylling | ||||||
| Vitgylling (syn. Virginskt Rosenäpple)[19][20] | Europe | <1800 | W 69, H 60. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh sweet, subacid, fair to good. | Cooking | PickE late August. Use early September. | |
| Vista Bella[166][3] | New Brunswick, New Jersey, US | cross made 1956, selected 1962, introduced 1974. | A yellow-green apple with red flush.W 70. H 60. We 100. Stalk 20 – 25 mm. Flesh creamy white, aromatic, crisp. P ((Melba x Sonora) x ((Williams x Starr) x USDA34)) x Julyred. | Eating | Ripens with Melba. PickE early August. PickG late August - mid September | |
| Von Zuccalmaglios Rennete[3] | Germany | 1878 | W 65, H 61, We 115. Flesh; crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet. Biennial. VitC 14. Density 0.78 | Eating, Cooking | PickE mid October. Use November - March. | |
| Vuokko[32] | Finland | Introduced 1999 | A green apple. P Melba x Huvitus. Flesh juicy, sweet, subacid. | Cooking, Eating | Pick late August - early September. | |
| Vusanka[15] | Montenegro | <1900 | A greenish yellow apple with red flush. W 72, H 63. We 132. Stalk medium to long. Flesh juicy, sweet. | Eating, Cider | Pick early October. Use November - April. |
W
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wadhurst Pippin[11][10] | Sussex, England | <1850 | A culinary apple of excellent quality. | Cooking (Eating) | PickE early October. Use October to February. | |
| Wagener[8][6][7][25][22] | New York, US | 1791 | Antique American variety, known since Colonial times. Tree hardy, early bearer, scab-resistant. Green with red flush. Flesh yellowish, tender, subacid and vinous, very good to best. W 70–88. H 51–63, Stalk 13–26 mm. Keeps very well. Very versatile in kitchen; not only does it cook well, but makes a good single-variety cider. Wagener is a parent of Idared, to which it imparts its keeping and cooking qualities. | Cider, Cooking, Eating | PickE early October. Use November - February. | |
| Wanstall[10] | Kent, England | <1875 | A dessert apple of the first quality, equal in flavour to the Ribston Pippin and will keep until May. Flesh, yellow, firm crisp, juicy, rich, sugary, and highly flavoured. | Eating | ||
| Warder[9] | Ohio, US | Introduced 1937 | P Rome Beauty x unknown. | Eating | Pick October 1 in Ohio. | |
| Warner's King[35] agm[193][25] | Kent, England | c. 1700 | Oblong and light green. Very tart. W 90–95, H 62–76. Stalk 15–20 mm. Do not attempt to eat out of hand. TRI | Cooking | PickE late September. Use November - February. | |
| Washington Strawberry[7] | N.Y. US | <1849 | W 88, H 75. Stalk 16 mm. Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, brisk subacid. | Eating | PickE mid September. Use September - October. | |
| Washu 1984 | Japan | c. 1920 | Conical with light green skin and dark freckles, with a firm, white, bruise-resistant flesh and a sweet, low-acid flavor with tropical undertones. | Eating | ||
| Water[7] | Pa. US | <1850 | W 70, H 70. Stalk 16 mm. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use October - November. | |
| Waterman Sweet[7] | US | <1875 | Yellow with red flush. Flesh yellow, juicy, sweet. | Eating | Use December - March. | |
| Wealthy[6][25][21][26][13] | Excelsior, Minnesota, US | 1860 | Cherry Red × Sops of Wine.
Pretty reddish pink coat. Flesh white, fine, crisp, tender, very juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Believed at one time Minnesota was too cold to grow apples until "Wealthy" was cultivated. Now a parent to many apples for resistance to temperatures below freezing. Still available in upper Midwest. W 67–75, H 53–61. Stalk 10 – 22 mm. VitC 14. DBH 116. |
Eating | Pick50 September 1. PickE mid September. Use September - December. | |
| Webster[9] | Geneva, New York, US | 1921, Introduced 1938 | P (Ben Davis x Jonathan) x (Ben Davis x Jonathan). A large red apple. Triploid. | Cooking | PickE early October. Use October - December. | |
| Wedge[9] | Minnesota, US | 1912, Introduced 1922 | P Ben Davis x unknown. A large apple. | Use October - November. | ||
| Weisskante[35] | Germany | <1850 | W66, H 66. Stalk 16 mm. | Cooking, Eating | Use November - March. | |
| Well apple syn. of Domine | ||||||
| Well apple syn. of Titus Pippin | ||||||
| Welschisner[12] | Austria | 1659 | A greenish-yellow apple with red flush. W 75, H 62. Stalk short. Flesh whitish yellow, aromatic, subacid. Quality: eating good. | Eating | Pick mid October. Use January - May. | |
| Werder Golden Reinette[11] | Potsdam, Germany | <1904 | Golden yellow striped with crimson. W 63, H 57. Tree vigorous. Flesh firm, yellowish, sweet, good. Am from RHS in 1904. | Eating | ||
| Western Beauty[8] | US | <1850 | W 89, H 74. Stalk 20 mm. Flesh light yellow, tender, juicy, vinous, subacid. Tree vigorous, productive, early bearer. | Cooking, Eating | Use August - December. | |
| Western Giant[9] | California, US | Introduced 1948 | A large Apple P unknown. Ripens before Red Astrachan. | |||
| Westfield Seek-No-Further (syn. Westfield),[8][22] | Westfield, Massachusetts, US | <1800 | A medium-sized conic to truncate-conic apple. W 70, H 58. Stalk 20 mm. Greenish-yellow, dull skin, flushed orange with carmine stripes, russet dots and patches. Shaded fruit are often irregularly russeted all over, with little colour showing. Flesh is light buttery-yellow, firm but tender, and moderately fine-grained. Flavour is nicely balanced, a honey-like sweetness balanced with a lemon-like citric acidity, rich, notes of pear and vanilla. Vigorous grower, some disease resistance. | Eating | PickE late September. Use October - December. | |
| Wheeler's Russet[10][43] | England | 1717 ? | Medium-sized fruit, entirely covered with pale yellowish grey russet. A highly flavoured dessert apple of the first quality. TRI | Eating | PickE late October. Use November–April | |
| Whetstone[9] | Missouri, US | Introduced 1935 | P Conard x Delicious. Quality fair. Tree vigorous. | |||
| White Astrachan[19] | Sweden or Russia | <1800 | W 71, H 60. Stalk 10-15mm. | Eating | ||
| White Doctor[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1875 | A large greenish-yellow apple. Stalk short. Tree vigorous. Flesh white, subacid, good. | Cooking | Use September - October. | |
| White June see Yellow June | ||||||
| White Pippin (syn. Canada Pippin)[7][22] | US or Canada | A yellow apple. W 80, H 65–70. Stalk 12–18 mm. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid, very good to best. | Eating | Use January - March. | ||
| White Sweet[7] | New Jersey, US | <1875 | Tree vigorous. Flesh white, sweet, good. | Cider, Cooking | Use September - October. | |
| White Transparent[11][6][3][21][13] | Latvia | 1850 | Very pale green skin. Flesh white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Fruit bruises easily and goes soft once harvested. W 55–72, H 55–68, We 85–100. Stalk 26 mm. AM from RHS in 1895. VitC 15. Density 0.77 DBH 75 | (Cooking), Pie, Eating | Pick45 August 1. Pick50 July 22. Pick55 July 10. PickE late July - early August. Pickg July 15 - August 7. Use July - August. | |
| White Winter Pearmain[8][7] | US | <1830 | W 74–79, H 62–73. Stalk 15–20 mm. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, crisp, juicy, very good. | Eating, Cooking | Use December - March. | |
| Whitney Russet[8] | US | <1850 | W 67, H 52. Stalk 14 mm. Flesh grennish-yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic, spicy. | Eating | Use December - February. | |
| Whorle Pippin (syn. Lady Derby, Thorle Pippin)[10] | Scotland | <1831 | Summer dessert apple of first-rate quality. Flesh firm, crisp and very juicy, with a brisk flavour. H 51 W65. | Eating | PickE late August. Use August - September. | |
| Wickham's Pearmain[10] | Hampshire, England | <1875 | A pearmain-shaped yellow apple with red overcolour on the side next the sun. H 50, W 50. Flesh, greenish yellow, crisp, juicy, and highly flavoured. An excellent dessert apple. | Eating | ||
| Wickson[9] | California, US | Introduced 1944 | A red oblong apple. P Yellow Newtown x Spitzenberg crab. Flesh juicy. | Jam, Jelly, Cider | ||
| Wickstrands favorit[20] | Sweden | <1900 | A green apple. W 65 H 67. Stalk 16 mm. Flesh sweet. | Eating | Pick October. Use October - December. | |
| Wijcik McIntosh[112] | British Columbia, Canada | Mid 1960s | A green apple with 70% red overcolor. W 80, H 62. We 164. Mutation of McIntosh apple that first showed columnar ornamental properties. SS 12.6 TA 0.88 | Eating, Cooking, Ornamental | ||
| Wild Twist[194] | US | 2011 | Honeycrisp x Cripps Pink. Commercially available in 2020. | |||
| Wilhelmapfel see Kaiser Wilhelm | ||||||
| William Crump[11][6][25] | Worcestershire, England | <1910 | High-quality, well-coloured dessert apple. Raised at Rowe's Nurseries, Worcester, England. AM from RHS in 1908. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1910. A yellow apple half covered with red flush. W 70–74, H 58–63. Stalk 13 mm. | Eating | PickE mid October. Use December - February. | |
| Williams Favourite (syn. Williams, Williams Early)[11][19][22][21] | Massachusetts, US | c1750 | W 56–69, H 52–69. Stalk 15 mm. AM from RHS in 1895. Flesh crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good. Tree moderately vigorous. | Eating | Pick September. Use September - November. | |
| Williams Pride (syn. Co-op 23)[14][195] | Indiana, US | Introduced 1987 | Flesh firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. Purple-red overcolor, nearly 100%. W 74, H 64. P PRI 1018-101 x NJ 50. | Eating | Pick45 August 15. Pick55 August 1. | |
| Willie Sharpe[14] | New Zealand | early 1900s | Light green, round, medium size. Flesh sweet, subacid, good. | Eating | ||
| Willis Sweet (syn. Pear Lot)[7] | Long Island, US | <1850 | W 83, H 73. Stalk 22 mm. Very good. Flesh juicy, sweet. | (Eating, Cooking), Baking. | Use August - September. | |
| Willow Twig (syn. James River)[7][8][22] | US | <1870 | Yellow with red flush. W 84, H 68–73. Stalk 22 mm. Flesh pleasant, subacid. Valuable for late keeping | |||
| Windsor[21][22] | US | <1889 | Flesh juicy, aromatic, good to very good. | Eating | Use October - March. | |
| Wine[8] | US | <1850 | A large apple. Flesh yellow, juicy, acid to subacid. Tree is very large. | Cooking, Eating | Use November - December. | |
| Winecrisp (syn. Coop 31)[196] | New Jersey, US | Cross made 1969, selected 1976 | A round to oblong 100% red apple. Similar in shape and color to Winesap. D 60–65. We 200. Stalk 5–8 mm. Flesh yellow-white, crisp, juicy. SS 12.75 DBH 172. | Eating | Pick45 October 10. Pick55 September 30. Use October–April. | |
| Winesap[7][8][21][22] | United States | 1817 | Sweet with tangy finish. Reddish blush flecked with some green. W 67, H 63. Stalk 17–20 mm. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse, crisp, juicy, subacid, good to very good. | Cider, Eating | Pick45 October 20. PickE late October. Use October - March. | |
| Winston (Winter King) agm[197][25][13] | Berkshire, England | c. 1935 | A yellow to green apple with red flush and stripes (40-70%). Cox Orange × Worcester Pearmain. Originally called Winter King because of its extraordinary keeping ability, renamed during World War II for Winston Churchill. W 65–72, H 60–64. Stalk 10–20 mm. | Eating | PickE mid October. Use December - April. | |
| Winter Banana[6][14][21][22][26] cz. Banànovè zimni fr. Banane d'hiver ge. Winter Banana ru. Zimnee bananovoe | Indiana, US | 1876 | Large, late dessert apple for use in December to March. Award of Merit from RHS in 1912. A golden yellow apple. 25-75% flushed with pinkish brown. W 78, H 71. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, aromatic, juicy, mild subacid good to very good. VitC 13–20. | Eating | PickE early October. PickG mid - late October. Use December - March. | |
| Winter Harvey[7] | US | <1850 | Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Tree vigorous. | Eating | Use January - March | |
| Winter Maiden's Blush[7] | Pennsylvania, US | <1850 | Flesh white, crisp, tender, subacid, very good. Stalk short. | Eating | ||
| Winter Pearmain[10] | England | <1600 | A narrow conical ribbed apple. W 70–80, H 70–80. Stalk very short. Flesh yellow, firm crisp, juicy and a very pleasant flavour. | Eating, Cooking | PickE early October. Use December - April. | |
| Winter Pomeroy[64] | Possibly England | <1850 | W 76, H 64. Stalk long. Flesh, yellow, crisp, sub-acid. | Cooking | Use December - January. | |
| Winter Prinzenapfel[35] | Germany | <1887 | W 69, H 69–72. Stalk 12 mm. Flesh juicy, sweet, good. | Eating, Cooking | Use December - March. | |
| Winter Quarrenden (syn. Stubb's Seedlin)[11] | Nottinghamshire, England | <1895 | A bright crimson apple. W 63, H 57. AM from RHS in 1895. P London Pippin x Devonshire Quarrenden. Flesh greenish-yellow, poor. | Eating | PickE early October. Use November - December. | |
| Winter Quittenapfel[35] | <1830 | W 72, H 58–60. Stalk 11 mm. | Cooking (Eating) | Use December - April. | ||
| Winter Quoining[64][24] | England | <1700 | W 57, H 64. Flesh greenish yellow, tender, soft, not very juicy, sugary, perfumed. | Cooking, Eating | Use November - May. | |
| Winterrambour see Rheinischer Winterrambour. | ||||||
| Wintertaffetapfel (syn. Weisser Wintertaffetapfel)[26] | ? | <1797 | A yellow apple. W 65–75, H 45–55. C 8-21. | Eating, juice | Use: December - April | |
| Winter Zitronenapfel[35] | Germany | <1726 | W 80, H 70. TRI | Cooking, Eating, Cider | Use December - May | |
| Winthrop Greening (syn. Lincoln Pippin, Hove Apple)[7] | Winthrop, Me. US | <1875 | Stalk short. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. | Eating | Use September. | |
| Witos[4] | Poland | |||||
| Wolf River[6][21] | Wisconsin, US | 1881 | Apple very large, some growing to size of large grapefruit. Red with yellow blush. Once very popular commercial apple in United States but presently relegated to upper Midwest if grown for profit. Occasionally can be found growing wild in backcountry thickets or abandoned land in Shenandoah Valley. Named for area where found. Flesh white, firm, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, fair to good. Feral trees can be brought back with care and pruning. W 80, H 62. | Cooking, Eating | Pick45 September 5. Pick55 August 15. PickE mid September. Use October - December. | |
| Wood's Greening (syn. Reinette Simerenko)[172] | Ukraine | <1895 | A golden yellow apple. H 54-65 W 70–78. | Cooking, Eating | Pick October. | |
| Woolbroke Pippin[24] | England | Raised 1903, Introduced 1921 | Yellow with red flush and Russet. Stalk short. AM from RHS in 1929. Flesh white, hard, sweet, aromatic. | Eating | PickE mid September. | |
| Woolbrook Russet[6][24] | Devon, England | 1903 | P Bramley x King Acre Pippin. W 84, H 67. Stalk short. Flesh white, juicy, acid. AM from RHS in 1930. | Cooking | PickE mid October. Use December - March. | |
| Worcester Pearmain agm[198][26] | Worcestershire, England | introduced 1873 | Conical, entirely covered with scarlet. FCC from RHS in 1875. Crisp and sweet strawberry flavour when ripe. W 60-75 H50-65. VitC 8. | Eating | PickE early - mid September. Use September - October. | |
| Wright[9] | Missouri, US | Introduced 1942 | P Ben Davis x Jonathan. Fruit large, good flavor. | Eating | ||
| Wrixparent[9] | Delaware, US | Introduced 1940 | P Transparent x unknown. Ripens early. | Eating | PickE late July - early August. | |
| Wyken Pippin[6] | England or Netherland | <1720 | Flat round, even, greenish yellow, with delicious flavour. W 59, H 50. | Eating | PickE mid October. Use November - February. |
Y
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yakima Newtown[9] | Washington, US | Introduced 1949 | Mutation of Yellow Newtown. | Cooking, Cider, Eating | ||
| Yates[7] | Georgia, US | <1865 | A small apple. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Use March - May. | |
| Yellow Bellflower (syn. Connecticut Seek-No-Further) fr. Belle-Fleur-Jaune, Linnoeus Pippin. ge. Gelber Bellefleur[3][8][21][22][28][27] | Burlington, New Jersey, US | <1800 | Yellow W 72–85, H 72–98, We 160. Stalk 11 – 26 mm. A favorite for baked apples. Banana flavour. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, crisp, subacid, very good. VitC 18. Density 0.77. | Cooking, Eating | PickE early - mid October. PickG late October. Use December–February. | |
| Yellow Forset[22] | Los Angeles, US | <1885 | Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good. | Eating | Use January - June. | |
| Yellow Ingestrie[11][44] | Shropshire, England | c1800 | Small, even, golden yellow. P Orange Pippin x Golden Pippin. Flesh firm, very juicy and delicately flavoured. H 59, W 53. | Eating | PickE early September. Use September - October. | |
| Yellow June (syn. White June)[7] | Southern US | <1865 | Flesh white, tender, juicy, brisk, subacid, good. Stalk long. Tree vigorous, abundant bearer. | Eating | Use southern US June, July, northern US August. | |
| Yellow Newtown see Newtown Pippin | ||||||
| Yellow Transparent see White Transparent | ||||||
| Yopp (syn. Yopp's Favorite)[7] | Georgia, US | <1857 | Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Stalk short. | Eating | Use November. | |
| York[7] | Massachusetts, US | <1865 | Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Stalk short. | Cooking | Use October - November. | |
| York-A-Red[9] | West Virginia, US | 1931. Introduced 1937. | Mutation of York Imperial. | Eating, Cider, Juice | ||
| York Imperial[8][7][22][78] | York, Pennsylvania, US | 1820 | Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Tree healthy, productive. Preserves well, lop-sided shape. DBH 165–167. | Cider, Cooking, Eating | Pick55 September 30. Use November - February. | |
| Yorking[9] | Pennsylvania, US | 1925. Introduced 1932. | Mutation of York Imperial | Eating, cider, juice | ||
| Yorkshire Greening[11][6] | Yorkshire, England | <1803 | W 92, H 76. Stalk short to medium. Tree very dwarf. Flesh white, firm, dry, acid. TRI | Cooking | PickE early-mid October. Use November - March. |
Z
| Common name | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use | Pick/Use period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zabergäu Renette[6][26][3] | Germany | 1875 | Large yellow apple with russet, somewhat like Belle de Boskoop. W 70–85, H60-75, We 128-208 gram. High in sugar 14.8%. VitC 14. Density 0.84 | Eating | PickE early-mid October. PickG mid - late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use October - March. | |
| Zestar | Minnesota, US | Itroduced 1996 | Red and greenish-yellow, round, sweet and tangy, preserves well | Cooking, Eating | Pick45 August 20. Pick55 August 10. Use August. | |
| Zigeunerin[13] | Riga | <1930 | A yellow apple with red flush(50-90%). W 83, H 79. Stalk 16 mm. | Eating, | Use September | |
| Zimska Kolačara[15] | Serbia | <1900 | A greenish yellow apple. W 55–65, H 65–75, We 170–210. Stalk short. Flesh firm, sweet, juicy. | Eating, Cooking, Pie | Pick late September - early October. | |
| Zimtrenette (syn. Zimmtreinette)[26] | Sachsen, Germany | A yellow apple with russet and red overcolor. W 55–70, H 50–60. Flesh: greenish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid. | Eating, Cooking, Juice | Use November - February. | ||
| Zoar Greening[7] | Ohio, US | <1865 | Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. | Eating | Use November - December. | |
| Zoete Bloemée[13] | Possibly the Netherlands | A yellow to green apple with red stripes. W 80, H 66. Stalk 15 mm. | Use September | |||
| Zoete Campagner[13] | Netherlands | A green apple with red flush (50–90%). W 72. H 55. Stalk 15 mm. | Cooking | Use October - February | ||
| Zoete Ermgaarde[13] | Netherlands | <1860 | A yellow conical apple with red flush. W68, H60. Stalk 14 mm. Flesh: cream, crisp, firm, subacid. | Eating, Cooking | PickE mid October. Use November - April. | |
| Zuccalmaglio see Von Zuccalmaglios renette | ||||||
| Ökna Lökäpple[19] | Sweden | <1830 | Greenish yellow with some red stripes. H 50, W64. Stalk 10 mm. | Eating | Pick October. Use December - February. | |
| Ökna vita Vintergylling[20] | Sweden | <1900 | A small yellow conical apple. H 60, W 60. | Cooking, Eating. | Use December - April. | |
| Ölands Kungsäpple[49][19] | Sweden | <1850 | A small red conical apple. H 56, W 66. Stalk 8 mm. | Eating | use November–December. |
Cider apples
Cider apples are a variety of apples that may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making cider. Varieties in italics are used for both cider and eating purposes. shp = sharp, swt = sweet, bswt = bittersweet, bshp = bittersharp, c= Ontario Canada, e= Somerset England, f= France, g= Germany, w= Washington US, s = susceptible, r = resistant, AS =to apple scab, AC = apple canker, BI = bacterial infections, PM = powdery mildew, TRI = Triploid[7][64][199][200][10][201][44][202][5][203][204][205][206][207][208]
| Common name | Origin | First developed | Type | Juice titratable acidity % weight/volume | Juice specific gravity
grams/liter |
Tannin % | Days from full bloom to maturity. | Disease susceptibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amanda | Somerset, England | 2007 | bswt | 0.22 | 1054e | 0.23 | 137e | |
| Amere de Berthcourt | France | bswt | 0.20 | 1049w | 0.34 | 145w | ||
| Amere Forestier | France | swt | 0.20 | 1046w | 0.34 | 153w | ||
| Angela | Somerset, England | 2007 | bshp | 0.62 | 1049e | 0.19 | 135e | |
| Antoinette | France | bswt | 0.25 | 1050f | 0.27 | sAS | ||
| Arbeya | Spain | shp | 0.57 | 0.16 | ||||
| Arbeya Montés | Spain | shp | 0.71 | 0.15 | ||||
| Armagnac | France | shp | 0.81 | 1065f | 0.17 | |||
| Ashmead's Kernel | Gloucestershire, England | c. 1700 | 134c | |||||
| Ashton Bitter | Somerset, England | 1947 | bswt | |||||
| Ashton Brown Jersey | Somerset, England | 1903 | bswt | 0.14 | 1054e | 0.34 | 194e | |
| Avrolles | France | shp | 1.20 | 1055f | 0.09 | |||
| Backwell red | Somerset England | old | shp | 0.70 | 1051e | 0.13 | 172e | |
| Baldwin | Wilmington, Massachusetts, US | c. 1740 | shp | 0.74 | ||||
| Ball's Bittersweet | Herefordshire, England | 1927 | bswt | 0.28 | 0.28 | |||
| Bedan | France | bswt | 0.15 | 1056e, 1051w | 0.23 | 184e 136w | sAS | |
| Belle de Boskoop | Netherlands | 1856 | bshp | 1 | ||||
| Belle Fille de la Manche | France | swt | sAS, TRI | |||||
| Betty | Somerset, England | 2007 | shp | 0.90 | 1050e | 0.11 | 125e | |
| Bickington Grey | Devonshire | shp | ||||||
| Binet Blanc | France | bswt | 0.18 | 1060f | 0.25 | |||
| Binet Rouge | France | bswt | 0.18 | 1063f | 0.24 | sPM | ||
| Binet Violet | France | bswt | 0.17 | 1050f | 0.26 | |||
| Bisquet | France | bswt | 0.21 | 1045f | 0.21 | |||
| Bittenfelder | Germany | 1930s | bshp | 1.00 | 1070g | |||
| Black Dabinett | Somerset, England | bswt | ||||||
| Black Vallis | Somerset, England | TRI | ||||||
| Blanchet | France | shp | 0.48 | 1050f | 0.13 | |||
| Blanc Mollet | France | bswt | 0.15 | 1046w | 0.20 | 114w | ||
| Blanc Sur | France | shp | 0.67 | 1055f | 0.12 | |||
| Blanquina | Spain | shp | 0.63 | 0.09 | ||||
| Bohnapfel | Germany | <1800 | bshp | 0.55 | 1050g | |||
| Bran Rose | Herefordshire | <1880 | shp | |||||
| Bouteville | France | swt | 0.16 | 1052w | 0.14 | 126w | ||
| Bramley | Nottinghamshire, England | 1809 | shp | 0.94 | 1050e | 0.12 | 121c | |
| Bramtot | England | bswt | 0.32 | 1057w | 0.50 | 128w | ||
| Breakwell's Seedling | Wales | 1890 | bshp | 0.64 | 1042e, 1041w | 0.23 | 150e, 113c, 110w | |
| Broad-Leaved Hereford | England | bswt | ||||||
| Browns Apple | Devon | 1920s | shp | 0.67 | 191e, 92c | |||
| Brown Snout | Herefordshire, England | c. 1850 | bswt | 0.24 | 1053e, 1051w | 0.24 | 176e, 145c, 149w | |
| Brown Thorn (syn. Argile Grise) | ? | bswt | 0.20 | 1048w | 0.16 | 142w | ||
| Broxwood Foxwhelp | England | 1920 | bshp | 1.91 | 0.22 | |||
| Bulmer's Norman | France | <1890 | bswt TRI | 0.24 | 1053e, 1046w | 0.27 | 165e, 97c, 127w | |
| Burrowhill Early | Somerset, England | bswt | ||||||
| Buttery d´Or | Dorset, England | shp | ||||||
| Börtlinger Weinapfel | Germany | 1827 | bshp | |||||
| Cadbury(syn. Royal Wildling) | Somerset, England | swt | ||||||
| Calabaza | Spain | shp | 0.77 | 0.14 | ||||
| Campfield | New Jersey, US | <1817 | swt | 0.23 | 1055w | 0.17 | 172w | |
| Campillo | Spain | shp | 0.52 | 0.11 | ||||
| Cap of Liberty | Somerset, England | bshp | 0.82 | 1052e, 1047w | 0.21 | 155w | ||
| Captain Broad | Cornwall, England | bswt TRI | ||||||
| Cartigny | France | bswt | 0.21 | 1051f | 0.22 | |||
| Casado | Spain | shp | 0.98 | 0.19 | ||||
| Cazo Jaune | France | bshp | 1.31 | 1054f | 0.33 | |||
| Chaperonnais | France | bswt | ||||||
| Charlepitré | France | swt | ||||||
| Cherry Norman | Herefordshire | <1880 | bswt | |||||
| Cherry Pearmain | Herefordshire | shp | ||||||
| Chevalier Jaune | France | bswt | 0.22 | 1053f | 0.38 | |||
| Chisel Jersey(syn. Bitter Jersey) | Somerset, England | <1900 | bswt | 0.22 | 1059e, 1056w | 0.40 | 194e 163w | |
| C`Huero Briz | France | bswt | 0.21 | 1056f | 0.47 | |||
| Cider Ladies Finger | Somerset, England | shp | 0.59 | 1052e | ||||
| Cidor | France | bswt | 0.17 | 1055f | 0.40 | sAS | ||
| Cimitiere | France | bswt | 0.13 | 1039w | 0.23 | 133w | ||
| Clara | Spain | swt | 0.21 | 0.19 | ||||
| Clos Renaux | France | bswt | 0.25 | 1052f | 0.22 | |||
| Clozette Douce | France | bswt | 0.22 | 1054f | 0.23 | |||
| Coat Jersey | Somerset, England | bswt | ||||||
| Coleman's Seedling | Devonshire | shp | ||||||
| Collaos | Spain | shp | 0.62 | 0.11 | ||||
| Collington Big Bitters | bswt TRI | 0.21 | 0.21 | |||||
| Coloradona | Spain | swt | 0.15 | 0.13 | ||||
| Corset Hill | Gloucestershire, England | shp | ||||||
| Court Pendu Plat | France | 1613 | shp | 0.81 | 1048w | 0.11 | 145w | |
| Court Royal(syn. Sweet Blenheim) | England | swt TRI | 0.21 | 1050e | 0.11 | 195e | ||
| Cox Orange Pippin | England | 1829 | 121c | |||||
| Crimson Crisp | New Jersey, US | 1971 | 138c | |||||
| Crimson King | Somerset, England | <1900 | shp TRI | 0.6 | 1044e | 0.13 | 195e | |
| Cristalina | Spain | shp | 0.46 | 0.066 | ||||
| Cul Plat | France | bswt | ||||||
| Cummy Norman | Radnorshire, Wales | <1876 | bswt | |||||
| Dabinett | Somerset, England | late 19th century | bswt | 0.18 | 1057e, 1055w | 0.29 | 180e, 131c, 148w | |
| Debbie | Somerset, England | 2007 | shp | 0.9 | 1050e | 0.08 | 110e | |
| De La Riega | Spain | shp | 0.58 | 0.11 | ||||
| Diot Roux | France | shp | 0.98 | 1052f | 0.18 | |||
| Dolores | Spain | shp | 0.54 | 0.07 | ||||
| Domaines | France | bswt | 0.21 | 1067f, 1050w | 0.26 | 153w | ||
| Douce Coetligné | France | swt | 0.19 | 1051f | 0.18 | sPM, sBI | ||
| Douce Moen | France | bswt | 0.21 | 1061f | 0.24 | sAS, sPM, sAC, sBI | ||
| Doux au Gober | France | swt | ||||||
| Doux Eveque Jaune | France | swt | 0.16 | 1052f | 0.20 | |||
| Doux Joseph | France | bswt | 0.21 | 1058f | 0.36 | |||
| Doux Lozon | France | bswt | 0.14 | 1053f | 0.21 | |||
| Doux Normandie | France | swt | 0.16 | 1065f, 1047w | 0.14 | 147w | ||
| Doux Veret de Carrouges | France | swt | ||||||
| Dove | Somerset, England | <1899 | bswt | 0.22 | 1049e | 0.31 | 168e | |
| Dufflin | Devonshire | swt | ||||||
| Dunkerton's Late Sweet | Somerset, England | swt | ||||||
| Durón Arroes | Spain | shp | 0.52 | 0.12 | ||||
| Durón Encarnado | Spain | shp | 0.75 | 0.10 | ||||
| Durona Tresali | Spain | shp | 0.77 | 0.14 | ||||
| Dymock Red | Gloucestershire, England | <1800 | bshp | 1052e | 0.22 | 149e | ||
| Early Bird | bswt | 0.21 | 1052 | 0.55 | ||||
| Eggleton Styre | Herefordshire, England | 1847 | swt | |||||
| Ellis Bitter | Newton St. Cyres, Devon, England | c. 1850 | bswt | 0.20 | 1053e | 0.24 | 157e | |
| Engelsberger | Germany | ? | ||||||
| Fair Maid of Taunton(syn. Moonshines) | Somerset | shp | ||||||
| Enterprise | Illinois, US | 1993 | shp | 0.63 | 172c | |||
| Esopus Spitzenberg | New York, US | c. 1750 | 154c | |||||
| Filbarrel | Somerset, England | bswt | 0.22 | 1045w | 0.19 | 180e, 160w | ||
| Finkenwerder Herbstprinz | Germany | 1860 | shp | 0.98 | 1055w | 0.07 | 127w | |
| Fiona | Somerset, England | 2007 | shp | 0.69 | 1049e | 0.15 | 125e | |
| Four Square | England | shp TRI | ||||||
| Foxwhelp | Gloucestershire, England | c. 1600 | shp | 0.69 | 1048w | 0.17 | 152w | |
| Frederick | Monmoutshire, Wales | 1800s | shp | 1.02 | 1048e | 0.09 | 190e | |
| Fréquin Audievre | 168e | |||||||
| Fréquin Rouge | France | bswt | 0.24 | 1065f, 1047w | 0.51 | 148c, 148w | sAS, sAC | |
| Fresnosa | Spain | shp | 0.67 | 0.11 | ||||
| Fuentes | Spain | shp | 0.75 | 0.11 | ||||
| Gehrers Rambour | Germany | 1885 | bshp | |||||
| Gennet Moyele | England | 1600s | bshp | >1.2 | 1052e | |||
| Gesnot | France | shp | 0.65 | 1049 | 0.11 | |||
| Gilly | Somerset, England | 2007 | bshp | 0.54 | 1053e | 0.18 | 125e | |
| Golden Ball | Devonshire | shp | ||||||
| Golden Russet | New York, US | <1850 | shp | 0.66 | 1061w | 0.10 | 161c, 167w | |
| Golden Spire | England | 1850 | ||||||
| GoldRush | Indiana, US | 1993 | 173c | |||||
| Granniwinkle | US | swt | 0.30 | 1045w | 0.08 | 128w | ||
| Gravenstein Red | Denmark/US | shp | 0.56 | 1052w | 0.07 | 126w | ||
| Great Britain | Devonshire | shp | ||||||
| Green Bittersweet | Devonshire | bswt | ||||||
| Grimes Golden | West Virginia, US | 1804 | shp | 0.61 | 1052w | 0.07 | 149c, 173w | |
| Grindstone | shp | 0.58 | 1061w | 0.10 | 178w | |||
| Guillevic | France | shp | 0.58 | 1059f | 0.135 | |||
| Hagloe Crab | Gloucestershire, England | <1880 | shp | |||||
| Hangdown(syn. Pocket Apple) | Somerset or Devonshire, England | bswt | 0.20 | 1056e | 0.28 | 161e | ||
| Harrison | New Jersey, US | 1770 | shp | 0.64 | 1061w | 0.10 | 146w | |
| Harry Masters Jersey | Somerset, England | <1900 | bswt | 0.20 | 1056e, 1051w | 0.32 | 172e, 146w | |
| Hastings | Somerset, England | 2007 | bswt | 0.13 | 1057e | 0.29 | 120e | |
| Hauxapfel | Germany | 1920 | bshp | |||||
| Helen's Apple | Somerset, England | 2007 | bswt | 0.10 | 1050e | 0.29 | 142e | |
| Hereford Broadleaf | Herefordshire, England | TRI | ||||||
| Honeystring | Somerset | swt | ||||||
| Improved Dove | England | early 1900s | bswt | |||||
| Improved Lambrook Pippin | Somerset, England | <1960 | shp | |||||
| Improved Redstreak | England | <1940 | bshp | |||||
| Jane | Somerset, England | 2007 | bswt | 0.19 | 1052e | 0.33 | 118e | |
| Jaune de Vitré | France | shp | 0.88 | 1060f | ||||
| Jeanne Renard | France | bswt | 0.17 | 1065f | 0.42 | rBI | ||
| Joanna | bswt | 0.11 | 1045f | 0.22 | 128e | |||
| Jouveaux | France | bswt | 0.30 | 1052w | 0.16 | 149w | ||
| Judaine | France | shp | 0.67 | 1053f | 0.075 | sAS | ||
| Judeline | France | shp | 0.50 | 1050f | 0.07 | sAS | ||
| Judin | France | shp | 0.66 | 1060f | 0.09 | |||
| Judor | France | shp | 0.67 | 1052f | 0.07 | sAC | ||
| Juliana | France | shp | 1.03 | 1061f | 0.18 | |||
| Jurella | France | shp | 0.85 | 1053f | 0.06 | sAS | ||
| Kaiser Wilhelm | Germany | 1864 | bshp | 0.63 | 1055g | |||
| Kardinal Bea | Germany | ? | ||||||
| Kermerrien | France | bswt | 0.15 | 1062f, 1050w | 0.43 | 142w | ||
| Kingston Bitter | 168e | |||||||
| Kingston Black(syn. Black Taunton) | Near Taunton, Somerset, England | late 19th century | bshp | 0.58 | 1061e, 1055w | 0.19 | 182e, 112c, 141w | |
| Knotted Kernel | Somerset, England | <1842 | bswt | 0.24 | 1059e | 0.34 | 188e | |
| Lagar | Spain | bshp | 0.60 | 0.22 | ||||
| Lambrook Pippin | Somerset, England | shp | 0.58 | 1054w | 0.24 | 160w | ||
| Langworthy (syn. Wyatt's Seedling) | England | shp | ||||||
| Lavignée (syn. Belle de Douai) | bswt | 0.21 | 1049e | 0.27 | 182e | |||
| Le Bret | England ? | swt | ||||||
| Limón Montés | Spain | shp | 0.81 | 0.12 | ||||
| Lin | Spain | bshp | 0.71 | 0.24 | ||||
| Lizzy | Somerset, England | 2007 | bswt | 0.17 | 1047e | 0.20 | 128e | |
| Locart Vert | France | shp | sPM | |||||
| London Pippin | England | 1580 | swt | 0.38 | 1047e | 0.11 | ||
| Lorna Doone | Somerset | shp | ||||||
| Loroñe | Spain | shp | 0.61 | 0.19 | ||||
| Loroñesa | Spain | shp | 0.55 | 0.16 | ||||
| Maggie | Somerset, England | 2007 | shp | 0.58 | 1052e | 0.14 | 125e | |
| Major | England | bswt | 0.18 | 1054e, 1051w | 0.41 | 150e, 117w | ||
| Marialena | Spain | |||||||
| Margil | <1800 | shp | 0.57 | 1049w | 0.07 | 152 | ||
| Marie Ménard | France | bswt | 0.22 | 1061f, 1057w | 0.48 | 143w | ||
| Mariñana | Spain | shp | 0.60 | 0.11 | ||||
| Marin Onfroy | France | bswt | 0.17 | 1059f, 1053w | 0.325 | 134w | ||
| Maud | France | shp | 0.49 | 1050w | 0.07 | 130w | ||
| Maundy | England | bswt | ||||||
| Meana | Spain | shp | 0.66 | 0.19 | ||||
| Médaille D´Or | France | <1850 | bswt | 0.27 | 1059e, 1059w | 0.64 | 177e, 128c, 139w | |
| Meriennet | France | bswt | ||||||
| Mettais | France | bswt | 0.17 | 1063f, 1056w | 0.38 | 138w | ||
| Merton Russet | Surrey, England | 1921 | shp | 0.82 | ||||
| Michelin | France | 1872 | bswt | 0.25 | 1050f, 1048w | 0.23 | 172e, 115c, 153w | |
| Miyares | Spain | shp | 0.48 | 0.15 | ||||
| Montoto | Spain | shp | 0.57 | 0.155 | ||||
| Morgan Sweet | Somerset, England | swt TRI | 0.22 | 1049e | 0.13 | 125e | ||
| Mott Pink | France | shp | 0.76 | 1043w | 0.05 | 129w | ||
| Moulin á Vent | France | bswt | 0.26 | 1061 | 0.27 | |||
| Muscadet de Dieppe | France | bswt TRI | 0.21 | 1055f, 1057w | 0.25 | 114c, 127w | ||
| Muscat de Bernay | France | bswt | 0.28 | 1050w | 0.19 | 161w | ||
| Naomi | Somerset, England | 2007 | swt | 0.28 | 1041e | 0.17 | 135e | |
| Nehou | France | <1920 | bswt | 0.17 | 1057e, 1056w | 0.60 | 150e, 151w | |
| Neverblight | Somerset | shp | ||||||
| Newtown Pippin | Queens County, New York, US | c. 1750 | ||||||
| No Prieta Antigua | Spain | swt | 0.10 | 0.086 | ||||
| Northwood | Devon, England | c1800 | swt | 0.27 | 1049e | 0.17 | 182e | |
| Norton Bitter | Somerset | shp | ||||||
| Obdulina | Spain | swt | 0.37 | 0.155 | ||||
| Omont | France | bswt TRI | 0.19 | 1063 | 0.22 | |||
| Orange Pippin | France or UK | <1800 | ||||||
| Osier | England | bswt | ||||||
| Paignton Marigold | Devon England | <1834 | bswt | |||||
| Panquerina | Spain | shp | 0.55 | 0.12 | ||||
| Paraguas | Spain | swt | 0.31 | 0.09 | ||||
| Parda Blanquera | Spain | shp - bshp | 0.71 | 0.20 | ||||
| Parda Carreño | Spain | shp | 0.57 | 0.10 | ||||
| Pardona | Spain | shp | 0.93 | 0.12 | ||||
| Peau de Chien | France | bswt | 0.22 | 1065f | 0.30 | sBI | ||
| Peau de Vache | France | swt | 0.26 | 1048w | 0.14 | 140w | ||
| Pennard Bitter | Somerset, England | <1900 | bswt | |||||
| Pepa | Spain | swt | 0.21 | 0.10 | ||||
| Perezosa | Spain | shp | 0.55 | 0.075 | ||||
| Perico | Spain | shp | 0.59 | 0.12 | ||||
| Pethyre | Monmoutshire, Wales | 1920s | bswt | |||||
| Petit Amer | France | bswt | 0.20 | 1055f | 0.44 | |||
| Petit Jaune | France | shp | 0.74 | 1055f | 0.12 | sAS, rBI | ||
| Pomme de Bouet | France | shp | ||||||
| Ponsford | Devonshire | <1880 | shp | |||||
| Porters Perfection | Somerset, England | <1900 | bshp | 0.82 | 1054e, 1054w | 0.25 | 199e. 141c, 147w | |
| Pound | Devonshire | swt | ||||||
| Poveshon | Essex County, New Jersey, US | 18th century | ||||||
| Prieta | Spain | shp | 0.58 | 0.10 | ||||
| Prince William | England | 2007 | bswt | 0.15 | 1057 | 0.25 | ||
| Puget Spice | bshp | 0.96 | 1057w | 0.13 | 173w | |||
| Queue Torte | France | swt | ||||||
| Rambault | France | shp | 0.64 | 1061f | 0.14 | |||
| Rawlings | Devonshire | swt | ||||||
| Raxao | Spain | shp | 0.78 | 0.08 | ||||
| Red Jersey(syn. Loral Drain) | Somerset, England | 1895 | bswt | 0.63 | 1052e | 0.48 | 143e | |
| Red Norman | Herefordshire | <1880 | bswt | |||||
| Redstreak | Herefordshire, England | c. 1630 | shp | 0.95 | 1048w | 0.09 | 121w | |
| Red Worthy | Somerset | bswt | ||||||
| Regona | Spain | shp | 1.07 | 0.145 | ||||
| Reine des Hatives | Normandy, France | 1872 | bswt | 0.24 | 1044w | 0.27 | 143w | |
| Reine des Pommes | France | bswt | 0.41 | 1063w | 0.52 | 184e, 149w | ||
| Reineta Encarnada | Spain | shp | 0.55 | 0.11 | ||||
| Reinette Obry | 167e | |||||||
| Reinette Russet | France | 1979 | 1.0 | |||||
| Rénao | France | shp | ||||||
| René Martin | France | shp | 0.76 | 1053f | 0.14 | |||
| Repinaldo Gozón | Spain | swt | 0.32 | 0.08 | ||||
| Repinaldo Hueso | Spain | shp | 0.61 | 0.13 | ||||
| Ribston Pippin | England | 1708 | shp | 0.67 | 1060w | 0.11 | 142w | |
| Rosemary Russet | shp | 0.86 | 1055w | 0.07 | 152w | |||
| Ross Nonpareil | England | shp | 0.68 | 1059w | 0.15 | 154w | ||
| Rouge Duret | France | swt | 0.17 | 1049f | 0.16 | |||
| Rousse de la Sarthe | France | swt | 0.17 | 1056f | 0.16 | |||
| Roxbury Russet | Massachusetts, US | c. 1640s | shp | 0.61-0.80 | 1061w | 0.08-0.11 | 143w | |
| Royal Jersey | Somerset, England | bswt | 0.19 | 1048w | 0.36 | 126w | ||
| Royal Somerset(Copas) | Somerset | shp | ||||||
| Royal Wilding | Herefordshire, England | bswt | 0.23 | 1053e | 0.24 | |||
| Russet King | shp | 0.71 | 1053w | 0.05 | 153w | |||
| Saint Martin | France | bswt | 0.20 | 1055f | 0.23 | |||
| Sebin Blanc | France | shp | 0.54 | 1051f | 0.14 | |||
| Severn Bank | England | shp | ||||||
| Sherrington Norman | bshp | 0.27 | 1051e | 0.33 | 167e | |||
| Sibirian Bittersweet | England | c1810 | ||||||
| Sibirian Harvey | England | 1807 | ||||||
| Silver Cup | Somerset | bswt | ||||||
| Slack-ma-Girdle | Devon, England | 18th century | swt | 0.27 | 1052e | 0.14 | ||
| Smith's Cider | shp | 0.55 | 1050w | 0.08 | 152w | |||
| Solarina | Spain | shp | 0.55 | 0.16 | ||||
| Somerset Redstreak | Somerset, England | <1917 | bswt | 0.19 | 1050e | 0.35 | 148e | |
| Sops in Wine | England | 1600s | swt | |||||
| Spicey Pippin | Devonshire | shp | ||||||
| Stable Jersey | Somerset, England | bswt | ||||||
| Stead's Kernel | Herefordshire, England | <1875 | ||||||
| Stembridge Cluster | Somerset, England | bshp | ||||||
| Stembridge Jersey | Somerset, England | c1950 | bswt | 0.37 | 1047w | 0.27 | 137w | |
| Stoke Red | Rodney Stoke, Somerset, England | <1920 | bshp | 0.64 | 1052e, 1045w | 0.31 | 191e, 102c, 134w | |
| Strawberry Norman | Herefordshire, England | <1900 | bswt | 0.32 | 1053 | 0.36 | TRI | |
| Styre | Forest of Dean, England | before 1600 | ||||||
| Sugar Loaf | Devonshire | swt | ||||||
| Sugar Sweet | Devonshire | swt | ||||||
| Sweet Alford | Devon, England | swt | 0.22 | 1052e, 1049w | 0.15 | 174e, 144c, 156w | ||
| Sweet Bramley | Devonshire | swt | ||||||
| Sweet Coopin | Devon, England | <1800 | swt | 0.20 | 1052e | 0.14 | 178e | |
| Tale Sweet | Devonshire, England | swt | ||||||
| Taliaferro | shp | 0.77 | 1047 | 0.09 | 147w | |||
| Tan Harvey | Cornwall, England | bswt | ||||||
| Tardive de la Sarthe | France | bswt | 0.20 | 1059f | 0.37 | |||
| Tardive Forestiere | France | <1900 | bswt | 183e | ||||
| Taylor's Sweet(syn. Taylor's) | Somerset, England | <1900 | swt-bswt | 0.20 | 1051w | 0.14
128w | ||
| Teórica | Spain | shp | 0.80 | 0.08 | ||||
| Tesniére | Franc | shp | 0.56 | 1055 | 0.16 | |||
| Three Counties | Somerset, England | 2007 | bswt | 0.20 | 1056 | 0.30 | 137e | |
| Tina | Somerset, England | 2007 | bswt | 0.18 | 1055 | 0.25 | 125e | |
| Tolman Sweet | US | 1822 | 136c | |||||
| Tom Putt | England | shp | 0.65 | 1052e, 1044w | 0.13 | 120 | TRI | |
| Track Zero | swt | 0.18 | 1053w | 0.10 | 160w | |||
| Tramlett's Geneva | shp | 1.01 | 1044w | 0.17 | 148w | |||
| Tremlett's Bitter | Exe Valley, England | c. 1820 | bswt | 0.27 | 1052e | 0.34 | 174 | |
| Tydemans Late Orange | England | 1949 | 152c | |||||
| Upright French | Dorset, England | bswt | ||||||
| Vagon Archer | England | bswt | ||||||
| Verdialona | Spain | swt | 0.34 | 0.09 | ||||
| Vicky | Somerset, England | 2007 | swt | 0.15 | 1050 | 0.14 | 125e | |
| Vilberie | France | <1900 | bswt TRI | 0.27 | 1044w | 0.41 | 169e, 148w | |
| Virginia Crab | bshp | 0.91 | 1060w | 0.19 | 134w | |||
| Weisser Trier Weinapfel | Germany ? | <1890 | bshp | 0.84 | ||||
| Welschisner | Germany or Austria | ? | ||||||
| Whidbey | shp | 0.69 | 1049w | 0.12 | 134 | |||
| Whimple Queen | Devonshire | swt | ||||||
| Whimple Wonder | Devonshire | swt | ||||||
| White Close Pippin | Somerset or Devonshire, England | bswt | ||||||
| White Jersey | Somerset, England | 1895 | bswt | 0.29 | 1051 | 0.26 | ||
| White Norman(syn. White Hereford) | Herefordshire, England | <1900 | bswt | 0.20 | 1056e | 0.32 | 155e | |
| Winesap | US | c. 1817 | bshp | 0.51 | ||||
| Winter Banana | Indiana, US | 1876 | swt | 0.41 | ||||
| Winterrambour | Germany | 1864 | bswt | 0.36 | ||||
| Woodbine 1.(syn. Rice's Jersey) | Somerset, England | swt | 0.29 | 1052e | 0.15 | |||
| Woodbine 2. see Slack-ma-Girdle | ||||||||
| Woodcock | Gloucestershire, England | c. 1600 | ||||||
| Xuanina | Spain | shp | 0.75 | 0.10 | ||||
| Yarlington Mill | Somerset, England | 1898 | bswt | 0.22 | 1052e, 1048w | 0.32 | 183e, 139c, 136w | |
| Yellow Elliot | England | <1700 | ||||||
| Yeovil Sour | Yeovil, Somerset, England | c. 1824 | bshp | 0.55 | 1052w | 0.15 | ||
| Zabergäu Renette | Germany | 1875 | shp | 0.79 | 1057w | 0.12 | 146w |
Rootstock cultivars
Selection of rootstock cultivars can be difficult: vigorous roots tend to give trees that are healthy but grow too tall to be harvested easily without careful pruning, while dwarfing rootstocks result in small trees that are easy to harvest from, but are often shorter-lived and sometimes less healthy. Most modern commercial orchards use one of the "Malling series" (aka 'M' series), introduced or developed by the East Malling Research Station from the early 20th century onward. However, a great deal of work has been done recently introducing new rootstocks in Poland, the U.S. (Geneva), and other nations. The Polish rootstocks are often used where cold hardiness is needed. The Geneva series of rootstocks has been developed to resist important diseases such as fireblight and collar rot, as well as for high fruit productivity.
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Apple cultivars.
- Cooking apple
- Lists of cultivars
- List of apple dishes
- List of Japanese apple cultivars
- Welsh Apples
- Food portal
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Khanizadeh, S. and J. Cousineau. 1998. "Our Apples/ Les Pommiers de Chez Nous", A Description of Over 250 Apple Cultivars Grown in Eastern and Central Canada Including 400 Coloured Photographs of the Fruits, Flowers and Leaves. Publisher Shahrokh Khanizadeh, 260 p. Ed: S. Khanizadeh. ISBN 0-660-60543-0.
Further reading
Two of the most comprehensive publications on apple cultivars are: Khanizadeh, S. and J. Cousineau. 1998. "Our Apples/ Les Pommiers de Chez Nous", A Description of Over 250 Apple Cultivars Grown in Eastern and Central Canada Including 400 Coloured Photographs of the Fruits, Flowers and Leaves. Publisher Shahrokh Khanizadeh, 260 p. Ed: S. Khanizadeh. ISBN 0-660-60543-0.
- The New Book of Apples (ISBN 0-09-188398-9) by Dr Joan Morgan of The National Fruit Collection and Alison Richards.
- Directory of Apple Cultivars (ISBN 1-874275-40-8) by Martin Crawford of The Agroforestry Research Trust
- For Cider apples - "Cider Apples, The New Pomona" ISBN 978-0-9568994-2-2 by Liz Copas
- Apples (ISBN 0-393-03690-1) by Roger Yepsen. Text of apple history and descriptions with full-color watercolor illustrations of 90 apple varieties by Yepsen. W.W. Norton and Company, New York and London.
- "Old Southern Apples" (ISBN 978-0-939923-37-3) by Creighton Lee Calhoun, Jr.
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