List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

A country's gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita is the PPP value of all final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year, divided by the average (or mid-year) population for the same year. This is similar to nominal GDP per capita, but adjusted for the cost of living in each country.

Not to be confused with List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita.
See also: List of countries by average wage

Countries or territories by GDP (PPP) per capita in 2022.
  >$60,000
  $50,000 – $60,000
  $40,000 – $50,000
  $30,000 – $40,000
  $20,000 – $30,000
  $10,000 – $20,000
  $5,000 – $10,000
  $2,500 – $5,000
  $1,500 – $2,500
  <$1,500
  No data

In 2019, the estimated average GDP per capita (PPP) of all of the countries of the world was Int$ 18,381.[lower-alpha 1] For rankings regarding wealth, see list of countries by wealth per adult.

Method

The gross domestic product (GDP) per capita figures on this page are derived from PPP calculations. Such calculations are prepared by various organizations, including the IMF and the World Bank. As estimates and assumptions have to be made, the results produced by different organizations for the same country are not hard facts and tend to differ, sometimes substantially, so they should be used with caution.

Comparisons of national wealth are frequently made on the basis of nominal GDP and savings (not just income), which do not reflect differences in the cost of living in different countries (see List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita); hence, using a PPP basis is arguably more useful when comparing generalized differences in living standards between economies because PPP takes into account the relative cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries, rather than using only exchange rates, which may distort the real differences in income.

This is why GDP (PPP) per capita is often considered one of the indicators of a country's standard of living,[3][4] although this can be problematic because GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income. (See Standard of living and GDP.)

GDP (PPP) and GDP (PPP) per capita are usually measured by international dollar, which is a hypothetical currency that has the same purchasing power in every economy as the U.S. dollar in the United States.

Table

All figures are in current international dollars, and rounded to the nearest whole number.

The table initially ranks each country or territory with their latest available year's estimates, and can be reranked by either of the sources

* Nearly all country links in the table connect to articles titled "Income in (country or territory)" or to "Economy of (country or territory)".

GDP per capita (current international dollar) by country or  territory or non IMF members 
Country/Territory UN Region IMF[5][6] World Bank[7] CIA[8][9][10]
Estimate Year Estimate Year Estimate Year
 Luxembourg *Europe141,5872022134,5452021110,3002020
 Liechtenstein *Europe——139,1002009
 Singapore *Asia131,4262022116,487202193,4002020
 Ireland *Europe131,0342022106,352202189,7002020
 Monaco *Europe——115,7002015
 Qatar *Asia113,6752022102,018202185,3002020
 Bermuda *Americas—88,186202181,8002019
 Isle of Man *Europe——84,6002014
 Switzerland *Europe84,469202277,274202168,4002020
 Norway *Europe78,128202279,201202163,6002020
 United Arab Emirates *Asia77,272202276,609202167,1002019
 United States *Americas75,180202269,288202160,2002020
 Brunei *Asia74,196202266,055202162,2002020
 Cayman Islands *Americas—74,155202173,6002019
 San Marino *Europe72,070202259,451202060,8002019
 Falkland Islands *Americas——70,8002015
 Hong Kong *Asia69,987202265,892202156,2002020
 Denmark *Europe69,845202264,651202155,9002020
 Netherlands *Europe69,715202263,768202154,2002020
 Taiwan *Asia69,5002022—24,5022018
 Austria *Europe66,680202258,431202151,9002020
 Iceland *Europe66,467202257,612202152,3002020
 Andorra *Europe65,3722022—49,9002015
 Sweden *Europe63,877202259,324202150,7002020
 Germany *Europe63,835202257,881202150,9002020
 Australia *Oceania62,192202256,281202148,7002020
 Belgium *Europe62,065202258,905202148,2002020
 Gibraltar *Europe——61,7002014
 Finland *Europe58,659202255,013202147,3002020
 Macau *Asia57,929202271,186202154,8002020
 Bahrain *Asia57,921202254,257202140,9002020
 Canada *Americas57,827202252,085202145,9002020
 Jersey *Europe——56,6002016
 Malta *Europe56,338202248,582202139,2002020
 France *Europe56,200202250,541202142,0002020
 United Kingdom *Europe55,862202249,675202141,6002020
 Saudi Arabia *Asia55,802202248,711202144,3002020
 European Union *[n 1]Europe53,960202248,481202144,4362019
 South Korea *Asia53,574202247,243202142,3002020
 Guernsey *Europe——52,5002014
 Israel *Asia52,173202243,722202138,3002020
 Kuwait *Asia51,528202246,328202049,9002019
 Italy *Europe51,062202245,902202139,0002020
 New Zealand *Oceania50,851202246,420202142,4002020
 Slovenia *Europe49,968202243,603202136,5002020
 Cyprus *Asia49,504[n 2]202244,110[n 2]202137,700[n 2]2020
 Czech Republic *Europe48,919202245,094202138,3002020
 Japan *Asia48,813202242,940202141,4002019
 Spain *Europe46,551202240,699202136,2002020
 Aruba *Americas46,309202242,698202137,5002017
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon *Americas——46,2002006
 Lithuania *Europe46,159202242,581202136,7002020
 Estonia *Europe46,126202242,138202135,6002020
 Puerto Rico *Americas43,820202235,850202133,4002020
 Guyana *Americas42,647202224,087202118,7002020
 Poland *Europe42,466202237,837202132,2002020
 Hungary *Europe42,132202236,753202131,0002020
 Portugal *Europe42,067202235,799202132,2002020
 Greenland *Americas——41,8002015
 Oman *Asia41,150202237,676202127,3002019
 Faroe Islands *Europe——40,0002014
 Bahamas *Americas39,785202233,189202130,8002020
 Turkey *Asia38,759202230,737202128,4002020
 Slovakia *Europe38,620202233,010202130,3002020
 Latvia *Europe38,124202234,444202129,9002020
 Romania *Europe38,097202235,870202128,8002020
 Seychelles *Africa37,661202231,596202124,4002020
 Croatia *Europe37,550202234,314202126,5002020
 U.S. Virgin Islands *Americas——37,0002016
 Greece *Europe36,466202231,364202127,3002020
 Panama *Americas36,370202231,901202125,4002020
 Sint Maarten (Dutch part) *Americas—35,973201835,3002018
 Guam *Oceania——35,6002016
 British Virgin Islands *Americas——34,2002017
 Montserrat *Americas——34,0002011
 Malaysia *Asia33,113202228,930202126,4002020
 Russia *Europe31,967202232,863202126,5002020
 New Caledonia *Oceania——31,1002015
 Maldives *Asia30,888202220,615202113,0002020
 Kazakhstan *Asia30,827202228,685202125,3002020
 Trinidad and Tobago *Americas29,797202225,309202123,7002020
 Bulgaria *Europe29,178202227,926202122,4002020
 Chile *Americas28,887202228,685202123,3002020
 Saint Kitts and Nevis *Americas27,782202229,097202123,3002020
 Uruguay *Americas27,233202225,049202121,6002020
 Argentina *Americas26,074202223,650202119,7002020
 Montenegro *Europe26,032202223,285202118,3002020
 Mauritius *Africa25,372202223,035202119,5002020
 Costa Rica *Americas24,837202223,320202119,7002020
 Northern Mariana Islands *Oceania——24,5002016
 Dominican Republic *Americas24,120202220,463202117,0002020
 Serbia *Europe24,084202221,504202118,2002020
 Curaçao *Americas—22,832202124,5002019
 Mexico *Americas22,440202220,277202117,9002020
 Antigua and Barbuda *Americas22,070202221,010202118,0002020
 Belarus *Europe21,709202221,699202119,1002020
 China *Asia21,291[n 3]202219,338[n 4]202116,400[n 3]2020
 Thailand *Asia21,114202218,761202117,3002020
 World20,886[lower-roman 1]202218,604202117,5002017
 Turks and Caicos Islands *Americas—20,338202121,1002020
 Georgia *Asia19,789[n 5]202217,014[n 5]202114,100[n 5]2020
 North Macedonia *Europe19,783202218,222202115,8002020
 Equatorial Guinea *Africa19,433202216,080202117,0002020
 Saint Martin (French part) *Americas——19,3002005
 Botswana *Africa19,199202216,304202116,0002020
 Libya *Africa18,945202224,131202110,3002020
 Turkmenistan *Asia18,875202215,625201915,5002019
 Colombia *Americas18,693202216,819202113,4002020
 Iran *Asia18,663202216,484202112,4002020
 Grenada *Americas18,436202215,038202115,1002020
 Gabon *Africa18,088202215,176202114,4002020
 Bosnia and Herzegovina *Europe17,899202217,377202114,3002020
 Albania *Europe17,858202215,709202113,3002020
 Brazil *Americas17,684202216,031202114,1002020
 Azerbaijan *Asia17,448202215,855202113,7002020
 Suriname *Americas17,350202216,223202116,1002020
 Barbados *Americas17,314202215,111202112,9002020
 French Polynesia *Oceania——17,0002015
 Armenia *Asia16,798202215,593202112,6002020
 Cook Islands *Oceania——16,7002016
 Moldova *Europe16,483[n 6]202215,391[n 6]202112,300[n 6]2020
 Saint Lucia *Americas16,417202214,332202112,3002020
 Egypt *Africa15,959202212,706202112,0002020
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *Americas15,786202215,045202112,1002020
 South Africa *Africa15,556202214,624202111,5002020
 Peru *Americas15,273202213,749202111,3002020
 Indonesia *Asia14,638202213,027202111,4002020
 Paraguay *Americas14,528202215,037202112,3002020
 Kosovo *Europe14,352202213,056202110,8002020
 Ukraine *Europe14,326[n 7]202114,220[n 7]202112,400[n 7]2020
 Sri Lanka *Asia14,230202214,707202112,5002020
 Fiji *Oceania13,944202211,381202111,0002020
 Mongolia *Asia13,611202212,819202111,5002020
 Algeria *Africa13,324202212,128202110,7002020
 Palau *Oceania13,215202215,145202117,6002019
 Bhutan *Asia13,077202211,983202110,9002020
 Vietnam *Asia13,075202211,67620218,2002020
 Dominica *Americas13,030202211,95120219,9002020
 Ecuador *Americas12,763202211,721202110,3002020
 Tunisia *Africa12,490202211,28320219,7002020
 Iraq *Asia12,40820229,84620219,3002020
 Cuba *Americas——12,3002016
 Anguilla *Americas——12,2002008
 Jordan *Asia11,975202210,13320219,8002020
 Jamaica *Americas11,962202210,54320218,7002020
 Lebanon *Asia11,377202014,257202111,6002020
 American Samoa *Oceania——11,2002016
 Eswatini *Africa11,05420229,73020218,4002020
 Nauru *Oceania10,834202213,125202113,5002019
 Namibia *Africa10,791202210,03920218,9002020
 El Salvador *Americas10,57620229,98220218,1002020
 Philippines *Asia10,34420228,89320218,0002020
 Bolivia *Americas9,93320228,84620217,9002020
 Guatemala *Americas9,93120229,80720218,4002020
 Morocco *Africa9,80820228,85320216,900[n 8]2020
 Belize *Americas9,62320229,62720216,1002020
 Uzbekistan *Asia9,47820228,49720217,0002020
 Laos *Asia9,16620228,62120217,8002020
 Cape Verde *Africa8,460[n 9]20226,717[n 9]20216,000[n 9]2020
 India *Asia8,29320227,24220216,1002020
 Bangladesh *Asia7,98520226,49420214,8002020
 Saint Helena, Ascension and
Tristan da Cunha		Africa——7,8002010
 Angola *Africa7,45520226,49120216,2002020
 Nicaragua *Americas7,15420226,19520215,3002020
 Venezuela *Americas7,108202217,40220117,7042018
 Mauritania *Africa6,92520225,83120215,0002020
 Ghana *Africa6,78020225,97120215,3002020
 Honduras *Americas6,76920226,12220215,1002020
 Tonga *Oceania6,66320226,74920216,4002019
 Pakistan *Asia6,66220225,74820214,6002020
 Djibouti *Africa6,51420225,39820215,5002020
 Ivory Coast *Africa6,39720225,85020215,2002020
 Palestine *Asia6,354[n 10]20226,200[n 10]20215,400[n 11]2020
 Kenya *Africa6,12220225,21120214,2002020
 Tokelau *Oceania——6,0042017
 Nigeria *Africa5,88420225,40820214,9002020
 Samoa *Oceania5,88220226,08020216,3002020
 Tuvalu *Oceania5,84420225,41020214,4002020
 Niue *Oceania——5,8002003
 Kyrgyzstan *Asia5,77120225,29020214,7002020
 Cambodia *Asia5,58320224,78420214,2002020
 Myanmar *Asia4,83020224,43020214,500[n 12]2020
 Tajikistan *Asia4,80320224,28820213,7002020
 São Tomé and Príncipe *Africa4,71020224,45220214,1002020
 Congo *Africa4,68220223,55320213,4002020
 Nepal *Asia4,67720224,21020213,8002020
 Sudan *Africa4,45020224,06620214,0002020
 Cameroon *Africa4,41920224,06520213,6002020
 Marshall Islands *Oceania4,39520226,55020214,0002019
 Papua New Guinea *Oceania4,27120224,04020214,1002020
 Benin *Africa4,18320223,64920213,3002020
 Senegal *Africa4,11320223,84020213,3002020
 East Timor *Asia3,90420225,52920213,2002020
 Zambia *Africa3,80820223,55620213,3002020
 Wallis and Futuna *Oceania——3,8002004
 Micronesia *Oceania3,67520223,64220213,5002019
 Ethiopia *Africa3,43420222,54820212,3002020
 Tanzania *Africa3,37420222,83620212,6002020
 Comoros *Africa3,36420223,54720213,1002020
 Haiti *Americas3,16620223,15320212,8002020
 Lesotho *Africa3,02820222,52220212,3002020
 Uganda *Africa3,01820222,46820212,2002020
 Guinea *Africa2,99320222,90120212,7002020
 Syria *Asia6,374[11]2010—2,9002015
 Vanuatu *Oceania2,85820223,05720212,8002020
 Guinea-Bissau *Africa2,85120222,01220211,8002020
 Rwanda *Africa2,83620222,46020212,1002020
 Burkina Faso *Africa2,65620222,39520212,2002020
 GambiaAfrica2,64020222,28120212,2002020
 Togo *Africa2,61920222,33420212,1002020
 Mali *Africa2,60920222,33020212,2002020
 Zimbabwe *Africa2,55520222,32420212,7002020
 Afghanistan *Asia2,45620201,66620212,0002020
 Solomon Islands *Oceania2,33620222,64920212,5002020
 Kiribati *Oceania2,16520222,12820212,3002020
 Yemen *Asia2,13620223,43720132,5002017
 Eritrea *Africa2,07820221,62920111,6002017
 Sierra Leone *Africa1,97220221,77420211,6002020
 Madagascar *Africa1,79020221,60820211,5002020
 Chad *Africa1,71920221,56620211,5002020
 North Korea *Asia——1,7002015
 Liberia *Africa1,66720221,56420211,4002020
 Malawi *Africa1,58820221,63820211,5002020
 Mozambique *Africa1,45720221,34820211,2002020
 Niger *Africa1,44320221,30420211,2002020
 DR Congo *Africa1,32820221,18020211,1002020
 Somalia *Africa1,32220221,24920218002020
 Central African Republic *Africa1,088202292020219002020
 South Sudan *Africa93420221,18220151,6002017
 Burundi *Africa865202277520217002020

Footnotes
  1. There is no explicit "GDP (PPP) per capita" World estimate provided by the IMF. For this figure, the GDP (PPP) world value[lower-roman 2] has been divided by the global population acc to the IMF.[lower-roman 3]
  3. "IMF DataMapper / Datasets / World Economic Outlook (October 2022) / Population". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 11 October 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  1. The EU is included because it is much more than a free-trade association like ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur. -- See: "The World Factbook". CIA. 2014. Archived from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2022. Although the EU is not a federation in the strict sense, it is far more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur, and it has certain attributes associated with independent nations: its own flag, currency (for some members), and law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with external partners. Thus, inclusion of basic intelligence on the EU has been deemed appropriate as a new, separate entity in The World Factbook. -- However, because the EU is an organization and not a sovereign state, it does not receive a ranking in this list.
  2. Data is for the area controlled by the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.
  3. IMF and CIA figures exclude Taiwan and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  4. World Bank figures exclude the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  5. Excludes data for Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
  6. Excludes data for Transnistria.
  7. Figures exclude the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol.
  8. Includes Western Sahara.
  9. Referred to as "Cabo Verde".
  10. Referred to as "West Bank and Gaza" in the IMF and World Bank reports.
  11. CIA registers 2 separate entries for Palestine: "West Bank" and "Gaza Strip". Figures for West Bank include the Gaza Strip -- see "The World Factbook - West Bank". CIA.gov. 15 November 2022.
  12. Referred to as "Burma".

Expanding the coverage of illegal economic activities in euro area national accounts

The share of the shadow economy is significant in many European countries, ranging from less than 10 to over 40 percent of GDP.[12] Since 2014, EU member states have been encouraged by Eurostat, the official statistics body, to include some illegal activities.[13][14][15]

Distorted GDP-per-capita for tax havens
Main articles: Corporate haven § GDP-per-capita tax haven proxy, and Corporate haven § Distorted GDP/GNP

There are many natural economic reasons for GDP-per-capita to vary between jurisdictions (e.g. places rich in Oil & Gas reserves tend to have high GDP-per-capita figures). However, it is increasingly being recognized that tax havens, or corporate tax havens, have distorted economic data which produces artificially high, or inflated, GDP-per-capita figures.[16] It is estimated that over 15% of global jurisdictions are tax havens (see tax haven lists).[17] An IMF investigation estimates that circa 40% of global foreign direct investment flows, which heavily influence the GDP of various jurisdictions, are described as "phantom" transactions.[18]

A stunning $12 trillion—almost 40 percent of all foreign direct investment positions globally—is completely artificial: it consists of financial investment passing through empty corporate shells with no real activity. These investments in empty corporate shells almost always pass through well-known tax havens. The eight major pass-through economies—the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong SAR, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland, and Singapore—host more than 85 percent of the world’s investment in special purpose entities, which are often set up for tax reasons.

— "Piercing the Veil", International Monetary Fund, June 2018[18]

In 2017, Ireland's economic data became so distorted by U.S. multinational tax avoidance strategies (see leprechaun economics), also known as BEPS actions, that Ireland effectively abandoned GDP (and GNP) statistics as credible measures of its economy, and created a replacement statistic called modified gross national income (or GNI*). Ireland is one of the world's largest corporate tax havens.

Ireland has, more or less, stopped using GDP to measure its own economy. And on current trends [because Irish GDP is distorting EU-28 aggregate data], the eurozone taken as a whole may need to consider something similar.

— Brad Setser, Council on Foreign Relations, "Ireland exports its Leprechaun", 25 April 2018[19]

The statistical distortions created by the impact on the Irish National Accounts of the global assets and activities of a handful of large multinational corporations have now become so large as to make a mockery of conventional uses of Irish GDP.

— Patrick Honohan, ex-Governor of the Central Bank of Ireland, 13 July 2016[20]

A list of the top 15 GDP-per-capita countries from 2016 to 2017, contains most of the major global tax havens (see GDP-per-capita tax haven proxy for more detail):

International Monetary Fund (2017) World Bank (2016)[21][22]
Rank Country/Territory Type
1 QatarOil & Gas
— MacauTax haven (Sink OFC)
2 LuxembourgTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
3 SingaporeTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
4 BruneiOil & Gas
5 IrelandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
6 NorwayOil & Gas
7 KuwaitOil & Gas
8 United Arab EmiratesOil & Gas
9 SwitzerlandTop 10 Tax Haven (Conduit OFC)
— Hong KongTop 10 Tax Haven (Sink OFC)
10 San MarinoTax haven (Sink OFC)
11 United States59,495
12 Saudi ArabiaOil & Gas
13 NetherlandsTop 10 Tax Haven (Conduit OFC)
14 Iceland52,150
15 BahrainOil & Gas
Rank Country/Territory Type
1 QatarOil & Gas
2 LuxembourgTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
— MacauTax haven (Sink OFC)
3 SingaporeTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
4 BruneiOil & Gas
5 United Arab EmiratesOil & Gas
6 IrelandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
7 SwitzerlandTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
8 NorwayOil & Gas
— Hong KongTop 10 Tax haven (Sink OFC)
9 United States57,467
10 Saudi ArabiaOil & Gas
11 Iceland51,399
12 NetherlandsTop 10 Tax haven (Conduit OFC)
13 Austria50,078
14 Denmark49,496
15 Sweden49,175

See also

Notes
  1. There have been no exclusive estimates for world average by the IMF. For calculating 2019 data, the total GDP estimate by IMF[1] has been divided by the total population estimate by United Nations Population Prospects.[2]

References
  1. "World Economic Outlook Database, 2019". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  2. ""Overall total population" – World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision" (xslx). population.un.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  3. "Sarkozy attacks focus on economic growth (French president urges more emphasis on quality of life)", The Guardian, 14 September 2009.
  4. "Alternative progress indicators to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as a means towards sustainable development"
  5. "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 11 October 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2022.
  6. "WEO Database, October 2022. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: World, European Union". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 11 October 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  7. "GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  8. Real GDP per capita, The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed on 19 October 2022.
  9. "The World Factbook - European Union". CIA.gov. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  10. "The World Factbook - World". CIA.gov. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  11. "WEO Database, October 2022. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: Syria". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 11 October 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  12. "Explaining the Shadow Economy in Europe: Size, Causes and Policy Options". International Monetary Fund. November 2019.
  13. "Sizing Up Black Markets and Red-Light Districts for G.D.P." The New York Times. 9 July 2014.
  14. "GDP to include illegal activity". Financier Worldwide Magazine. August 2014.
  15. "Handbook on the compilation of statistics on illegal economic activities in national accounts and balance of payments". Eurostat. 6 March 2018.
  16. "How tax havens turn economic statistics into nonsense". Quartz. 11 June 2018.
  17. Dharmapala, Dhammika; Hines, James R. Jr. (2009). "Which Countries Become Tax Havens?" (PDF). Journal of Public Economics. 93 (9–10): 1058–1068. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.07.005. S2CID 16653726. The paper implicitly adopts the "smaller" tax haven approach, i.e., disregarding larger countries which have either low taxes rates (for example, Russia), or systems of taxation which permit them to be used to structure tax avoidance schemes (for example, the United Kingdom). It also excludes non-sovereign tax havens (for example, Delaware or Labuan).
  18. "Piercing the Veil, FINANCE & DEVELOPMENT, JUNE 2018, VOL. 55, NO. 2". IMF Finance & Development. June 2018.
  19. "Ireland Exports its Leprechaun". Council on Foreign Relations. 11 May 2018.
  20. "The Irish National Accounts: Towards some do's and don'ts". irisheconomy.ie. 13 July 2016.
  21. "PPP (current international $)". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
  22. "World Bank, International Comparison Program database". Retrieved 10 April 2018.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.