I want to prove the following theorem concerning Krull dimension:
Theorem If $A$ is a noetherian ring then $$\dim(A[x_1,x_2, \dots , x_n]) = \dim(A) + n$$ where $\dim$ stands for the Krull dimension of the rings. Thus, $\dim(K[x_1,x_2, \dots , x_n]) = n$ for any field $K$.
I could prove it by induction in the number of variables assuming these facts:
- If $A$ is noetherian then $A[x_1,x_2, \dots , x_n]$ is noetherian.
- If $K$ is a field then $\dim(K)=0$.
- If $A$ is noetherian then $\dim(A[x]) = \dim(A) + 1$.
Fact 1 follows from Hilbert's basis theorem. Fact 2 is trivial.
For Fact 3 I have been able to prove the inequality $\dim(A[x]) \geq \dim(A) + 1$. I couldn't get the other inequality.
My questions are:
What is a proof for the missing inequality? Are there easy proofs if $A$ is assumed to be a PID?
Are there counterexamples to the theorem I'm trying to prove if we change the condition of $A$ being noetherian to $A$ being finite dimensional?
Thanks!