Ubuntu is a free desktop and server operating system based on Debian GNU/Linux. This tag is for programming questions specific to Ubuntu. General Ubuntu support is off-topic. Support questions may be asked at https://askubuntu.com/.
Ubuntu is a free desktop and server operating system based on Debian GNU/Linux.
Questions concerning the use and administration of Ubuntu, running third-party applications, development, or services provided by Ubuntu may be better suited for Ask Ubuntu rather than StackOverflow.
Philosophy
The goal of the Ubuntu project is to provide a free computer environment, centered on a Linux distribution and complemented by online services.
- Ubuntu Philosophy: for full details.
Releases
The core of the ubuntu distribution contains a gnome-based desktop environment which is tightly integrated to the system, in particular providing a GUI for hardware management and system administration. The supported core also includes other desktop environments such as kde, although their integration is managed by side projects such as Kubuntu.
ubuntu includes a small amount of non-free software such as drivers. Ubuntu offers a large amount of packages directly taken from Debian's unstable distribution, in the form of the universe repository.
There is a release of Ubuntu every six months: one in April and one in October. One in four is a long-term support (LTS) release. The latest LTS version of Ubuntu is ubuntu-18.04 (Bionic Beaver). It was released in April 2018 and is supported until April 2023.
Latest release: 20.04.1 LTS (Focal Fossa) released on August 2020
Derivatives
Side projects of Ubuntu include:
- Edubuntu: for use in teaching.
- Kubuntu: managing the integration of KDE into Ubuntu.
- Ubuntu Studio: for multimedia production.
- Xubuntu: managing the integration of Xfce into Ubuntu.
- Lubuntu: managing the integration of LXDE into Ubuntu, focusing on speed and energy efficiency.
Documentation
- Official documentation
- Community documentation
- Bug reports
- Available packages
- Third-party package repositories
- Manual pages (e.g. man(1) in 10.04)
- Support sources
Currently supported versions
- ubuntu-18.04 (Bionic Beaver) Current LTS Version
- ubuntu-17.10 (Artful Aardvark)
- ubuntu-16.04 (Xenial Xerus) Prior LTS Version
- ubuntu-14.04 (Trusty Tahr)
Common tasks
- Install a package:
apt-get install package-name
- Install downloaded
.deb
file:dpkg -i downloaded-file
- Apply updates:
apt-get update; apt-get upgrade; apt-get dist-upgrade
- Remove a package:
apt-get remove package-name