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I'm trying to build some code on Ubuntu 10.04 LTS that uses OpenSSL 1.0.0. When I run make, it invokes g++ with the "-lssl" option. The source includes:

#include <openssl/bio.h>
#include <openssl/buffer.h>
#include <openssl/des.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/rsa.h>

I ran:

$ sudo apt-get install openssl
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
openssl is already the newest version.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.

But I guess the openssl package doesn't include the library. I get these errors on make:

foo.cpp:21:25: error: openssl/bio.h: No such file or directory
foo.cpp:22:28: error: openssl/buffer.h: No such file or directory
foo.cpp:23:25: error: openssl/des.h: No such file or directory
foo.cpp:24:25: error: openssl/evp.h: No such file or directory
foo.cpp:25:25: error: openssl/pem.h: No such file or directory
foo.cpp:26:25: error: openssl/rsa.h: No such file or directory

How do I install the OpenSSL C++ library on Ubuntu 10.04 LTS?

I did a man g++ and (under "Options for Linking") for the -l option it states: " The linker searches a standard list of directories for the library..." and "The directories searched include several standard system directories..." What are those standard system directories?

jww
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Daryl Spitzer
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    Not quite a duplicate, but answered by [What are *-devel packages?](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2358801/what-are-devel-packages). – Troubadour Jun 10 '10 at 17:43
  • You're right about the `-dev` naming convention. You might also use the `synaptic` package manager to list all packages whose names contain libssl - browsing that list and their descriptions would likely give you the clue. – crazyscot Jun 10 '10 at 19:40
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    I know this question is quite dead by now but since I recently found it I figure someone else might too. If you want to list all packages that are similar to a certain name, I like to use >aptitude search It does not require root privilege level to run a search. – Evan Larkin Dec 07 '10 at 05:07
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    just to add to Evan's statement, recent versions of Ubuntu are coming without the aptitude command available. apt-cache search works the same way (almost) now. – Andy Feb 01 '11 at 12:15
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    In answer to your update, you could do `apt-cache search package-name` – TheDoctor Feb 23 '14 at 18:20

9 Answers9

587

You want to install the development package, which is libssl-dev:

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
Niki Yoshiuchi
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    But this is not the version he wanted (1.0.0), which is not packaged for 10.04. See this answer for 1.0.0: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3153114/how-do-i-install-and-build-against-openssl-1-0-0-on-ubuntu – nealmcb Dec 22 '10 at 06:42
  • Ah, good call. I only noticed at the time that he was trying to use the development libraries but wasn't installing the -dev package. I didn't even notice the version number. – Niki Yoshiuchi Dec 22 '10 at 15:16
  • This is the right reference here: http://www.technologyskill.ga/install-openssl-manually-on-linux/ or https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/how-to-install-openssl-from-source-on-linux/ libraries and header files are found under the same directory after installation: /usr/local/ssl – MickaelT Jan 22 '19 at 22:37
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    `apt install` for new dist ubuntu – AtachiShadow Feb 17 '19 at 20:18
  • Can this be installed on a specified directory? Or how can I find out where openssl is located in my system? – George Sp Apr 02 '19 at 09:14
  • @GeorgeSp you can see the list of files using `apt-file list libssl-dev` command, or here https://packages.debian.org/jessie/amd64/libssl-dev/filelist If you want to build the library yourself, please refer to one of below answers, e.g. from Mann (pay attention to step 3). – ɛIc_ↄIз Apr 04 '19 at 08:58
  • @ɛIc_ↄIз Can I create a portable directory of the library if I copy all the output from "apt-file list libssl-dev" in another directory and add it to my project? This is my main goal here, if you can suggest another way to do it, please share. – George Sp Apr 05 '19 at 15:48
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    @GeorgeSp I think so, but it's still more "natural" to build them in a custom directory using this instruction https://stackoverflow.com/a/49578644/7315276 – ɛIc_ↄIз Apr 10 '19 at 08:54
40

Run:

apt-get install libssl-dev

shilovk
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Yann Ramin
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16

How could I have figured that out for myself (other than asking this question here)? Can I somehow tell apt-get to list all packages, and grep for ssl? Or do I need to know the "lib*-dev" naming convention?

If you're linking with -lfoo then the library is likely libfoo.so. The library itself is probably part of the libfoo package, and the headers are in the libfoo-dev package as you've discovered.

Some people use the GUI "synaptic" app (sudo synaptic) to (locate and) install packages, but I prefer to use the command line. One thing that makes it easier to find the right package from the command line is the fact that apt-get supports bash completion.

Try typing sudo apt-get install libssl and then hit tab to see a list of matching package names (which can help when you need to select the correct version of a package that has multiple versions or other variations available).

Bash completion is actually very useful... for example, you can also get a list of commands that apt-get supports by typing sudo apt-get and then hitting tab.

Guy Avraham
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Steve Lemke
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  • Ubuntu could ease the pain for folks since its been a problem for years. They *could* alias `openssl-dev` to `libssl-dev` but they choose not to. – jww Feb 02 '17 at 02:21
8

I found a detailed solution here: Install OpenSSL Manually On Linux

From the blog post...:

Steps to download, compile, and install are as follows (I'm installing version 1.0.1g below; please replace "1.0.1g" with your version number):

Step – 1 : Downloading OpenSSL:

Run the command as below :

$ wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz

Also, download the MD5 hash to verify the integrity of the downloaded file for just varifacation purpose. In the same folder where you have downloaded the OpenSSL file from the website :

$ wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz.md5
$ md5sum openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz
$ cat openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz.md5

Step – 2 : Extract files from the downloaded package:

$ tar -xvzf openssl-1.0.1g.tar.gz

Now, enter the directory where the package is extracted like here is openssl-1.0.1g

$ cd openssl-1.0.1g

Step – 3 : Configuration OpenSSL

Run below command with optional condition to set prefix and directory where you want to copy files and folder.

$ ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl

You can replace “/usr/local/openssl” with the directory path where you want to copy the files and folders. But make sure while doing this steps check for any error message on terminal.

Step – 4 : Compiling OpenSSL

To compile openssl you will need to run 2 command : make, make install as below :

$ make

Note: check for any error message for verification purpose.

Step -5 : Installing OpenSSL:

$ sudo make install

Or without sudo,

$ make install

That’s it. OpenSSL has been successfully installed. You can run the version command to see if it worked or not as below :

$ /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl version

OpenSSL 1.0.1g 7 Apr 2014

Irexiz
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Mann
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    For completeness you should include the PGP signature verification to ensure that the files signature is valid. As in https://gnupg.org/download/integrity_check.html and https://www.openoffice.org/download/checksums.html#pgp_linux – djondal Jun 06 '18 at 11:42
6

Another way to install openssl library from source code on Ubuntu, follows steps below, here WORKDIR is your working directory:

sudo apt-get install pkg-config
cd WORKDIR
git clone https://github.com/openssl/openssl.git
cd openssl
./config
make
sudo make install
# Open file /etc/ld.so.conf, add a new line: "/usr/local/lib" at EOF
sudo ldconfig
Karl Richter
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B.H Xie
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4

You want the openssl-devel package. At least I think it's -devel on Ubuntu. Might be -dev. It's one of the two.

Nursnaaz
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jonescb
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0

As a general rule, when on Debian or Ubuntu and you're missing a development file (or any other file for that matter), use apt-file to figure out which package provides that file:

~ apt-file search openssl/bio.h
android-libboringssl-dev: /usr/include/android/openssl/bio.h
libssl-dev: /usr/include/openssl/bio.h
libwolfssl-dev: /usr/include/cyassl/openssl/bio.h
libwolfssl-dev: /usr/include/wolfssl/openssl/bio.h

A quick glance at each of the packages that are returned by the command, using apt show will tell you which among the packages is the one you're looking for:

~ apt show libssl-dev
Package: libssl-dev
Version: 1.1.1d-2
Priority: optional
Section: libdevel
Source: openssl
Maintainer: Debian OpenSSL Team <pkg-openssl-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org>
Installed-Size: 8,095 kB
Depends: libssl1.1 (= 1.1.1d-2)
Suggests: libssl-doc
Conflicts: libssl1.0-dev
Homepage: https://www.openssl.org/
Tag: devel::lang:c, devel::library, implemented-in::TODO, implemented-in::c,
 protocol::ssl, role::devel-lib, security::cryptography
Download-Size: 1,797 kB
APT-Sources: http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian unstable/main amd64 Packages
Description: Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development files
 This package is part of the OpenSSL project's implementation of the SSL
 and TLS cryptographic protocols for secure communication over the
 Internet.
 .
 It contains development libraries, header files, and manpages for libssl
 and libcrypto.

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Vincent Fourmond
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0

  1. Go to the official website and download the source code for the version you need

  2. Then unzip the update package and execute the following command

    ./config --prefix=/usr/local/ssl --openssldir=/usr/local/ssl  -Wl,-rpath,/usr/local/ssl/lib shared

Because the default is to generate only static libraries, if you want dynamic libraries, add the "shared" option

  1. make && make install
JK.Tang
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-3

sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev

Nursnaaz
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