Linked Data refers to a set of best practices for publishing data on the Web under the Semantic Web standards (RDF, SPARQL, etc.). Please consider asking your question on https://opendata.stackexchange.com, if your question is not closely related to programming or is related to a particular Linked Data dataset.
T. Berners-Lee outlines four principles of linked data in his "Linked Data" note:
- Use URIs as names for things
- Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names
- When someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using the standards (RDF*, SPARQL)
- Include links to other URIs, so that they can discover more things