HLSL(High Level Shader Language) is a proprietary shading language developed by Microsoft for use with the Microsoft Direct3D API
HLSL is a C-like language developed by Microsoft and it's used in Direct3D API to define shaders. HLSL is used by Direct3D 9, and is required by the unified shader model in Direct3D 10+.
HLSL can be used to define pixel shaders, vertex shaders, geometry shaders, compute shaders and tessellation shaders. It is analogous to glsl for OpenGL.