It doesn't seem doable using autolayout alone. If you don't want to create views based on computations in code then only way to do something like that will probably be UICollectionView.
It would probably be overkill, but only way to do something like that seems to be a collection view with vertical scroll direction (you can turn off scrolling and bouncing if it will always fit the screen).
Only element of collection view cell would be UILabel, and for width of this cell I suggest to use answer from here https://stackoverflow.com/a/23135433/7183675 (or just use UICollectionViewFlowLayout.automaticSize if developing for iOS 10.0 or higher, this answer may be helpful for that case: https://stackoverflow.com/a/31279726/7183675)
Good luck!