What does ":?" after a method means in PHP?

Question

I just saw this in a Symfony 4 application, and I can't find nowhere what it means

  public function findOneBySomeField($value): ?Article
    {
        return $this->createQueryBuilder('a')
            ->andWhere('a.exampleField = :val')
            ->setParameter('val', $value)
            ->getQuery()
            ->getOneOrNullResult()
        ;
    }

I know that, now with PHP 7 you can define the expected type of the returned value with ":int $val", but here, what does the ? symbol means ?

it probably means the return type is null or Article – Ibu Feb 17 '19 at 22:12 — Ibu, Feb 17 '19 at 22:12

Zim84 · Accepted Answer · 2019-02-17T22:19:43.420

1

This is a new feature as of PHP 7.1. See the explanation here

Type declarations for parameters and return values can now be marked as nullable by prefixing the type name with a question mark. This signifies that as well as the specified type, NULL can be passed as an argument, or returned as a value, respectively.

This means the expected output of your function will be either an Instance of the class Article or it is NULL.

edited Feb 17 '19 at 22:19

answered Feb 17 '19 at 22:12

Zim84

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In the future you should close questions asking about symbols in PHP as a duplicate of the question above. – John Conde Feb 17 '19 at 22:39

What does ":?" after a method means in PHP?

1 Answers1