Actually, you can't specify your parameters in the command line. But it seems to be in demand by the community (Katalon - How to pass user defined parameters from command line)
Solution :
You can define your parameters in profiles. Each profile can contains the same parameters with different values, and can be chosen during the Test Suite execution.
You can choose the profile you need manually or by passing it in command line. To do it you only have to use the -executionProfile option:
katalon -noSplash -runMode=console -consoleLog -noExit -projectPath="C:\MY_PATH" -retry=0 -testSuitePath="Test Suites/MY_TEST_SUITES" -executionProfile="Profile_A"
Finally, don't forget to convert your step input Variables into Global Variables where you need in your Test Case. You can do that manually or by script :
import internal.GlobalVariable as GlobalVariable
GlobalVariable.my_variable
docs: Katalon Docs - Execution Profile (v5.4+)
Hoping it will help you.