You can use ExplodeModifier
to convert your geometry into so-called "triangle soup", and then translate the vertices as you wish.
var geometry = new THREE.IcosahedronGeometry( 4, 2 );
var modifier = new THREE.ExplodeModifier();
modifier.modify( geometry );
var normal = new THREE.Vector3();
for ( var i = 0, l = geometry.faces.length; i < l; i ++ ) {
var face = geometry.faces[ i ];
normal.copy( face.normal ).multiplyScalar( 1 );
geometry.vertices[ face.a ].add( normal );
geometry.vertices[ face.b ].add( normal );
geometry.vertices[ face.c ].add( normal );
};
examples/js/modifiers/ExplodeModifier.js
must be explicitly included in your project.
three.js r.87